在按下按钮时运行循环

Question

每当我按下键盘上的'0‘时，我需要帮助为线路跟踪器循环几个语句，并让它继续循环，直到按钮再次被按下，然后它又回到运行主循环。任何帮助都是非常欢迎的。

#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
#include <Time.h>
#include <Wire.h>
#include <DS1307RTC.h>
#include <Servo.h>
#include <Keypad.h>

//Pins of LCD     RS  E  D4 D5  D6 D7
LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7); // Pins of Arduino
Servo servoMain; // Define our Servo
int tempPin = A0; //LM35 Pin
int ldrPin = A1;  //LDR Pin
int led = 6;    //LED Pin
int buzzer = 13;
float temp;
float tempC;
int lightReading;
int numTones = 2;
int tones[] = {440, 349};
int Tones = 3;
int ones2[] = {988, 740, 988};
int bulb = A2;
int val;
int motor1Pin1 = 26; // pin 2 on L293D IC
int motor1Pin2 = 25; // pin 7 on L293D IC
int enable1Pin = 27; // pin 1 on L293D IC
int motor2Pin1 = 23; // pin 10 on L293D IC
int motor2Pin2 = 22; // pin 15 on L293D IC
int enable2Pin = 24; // pin 9 on L293D IC
int state;
int flag = 0;      //makes sure that the serial only prints once the state
int stateStop = 0;
int s1val;
int s2val;
int led1 = 43;
int led2 = 42;
const byte ROWS = 4; // Four rows
const byte COLS = 3; // Three columns
// Define the Keymap
char keys[ROWS][COLS] = {
  {'1', '2', '3'},
  {'4', '5', '6'},
  {'7', '8', '9'},
  {'*', '0', '#'}
};
// Connect keypad ROW0, ROW1, ROW2 and ROW3 to these Arduino pins.
byte rowPins[ROWS] = {48, 53, 52, 50};
// Connect keypad COL0, COL1 and COL2 to these Arduino pins.
byte colPins[COLS] = {49, 47, 51 };

// Create the Keypad
Keypad kpd = Keypad( makeKeymap(keys), rowPins, colPins, ROWS, COLS );

void setup()
{
  lcd.begin(16, 2);
  pinMode(led, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(tempPin, INPUT);
  pinMode(ldrPin, INPUT);
  pinMode(buzzer, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(bulb, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(motor1Pin1, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(motor1Pin2, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(enable1Pin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(motor2Pin1, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(motor2Pin2, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(enable2Pin, OUTPUT);
  digitalWrite(enable1Pin, HIGH); // set to high so that motor can run
  digitalWrite(enable2Pin, HIGH); // set to high so that motor can run
  servoMain.attach(3); // servo on pin 3
  servoMain.write(72);
  pinMode(led1, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(led2, OUTPUT);
  kpd.addEventListener(keypadEvent);
  Serial.begin(9600);

  setSyncProvider(RTC.get);   // the function to get the time from the RTC
  if (timeStatus() != timeSet)
    Serial.println("Unable to sync with the RTC");
  else
    Serial.println("RTC has set the system time");

  lcd.clear();
  beep(100);
}
void loop()
{
  tempC = (5.0 * analogRead(tempPin) * 100.0) / 1024;
  temp = tempC;
  lightReading = analogRead(ldrPin);
  val = analogRead(3);
  Serial.println(val);
  digitalClockDisplay();
  s1val = analogRead(6);
  s2val = analogRead(7);
  char key = kpd.getKey();

  if (Serial.available() > 0)
  {
    state = Serial.read();
    flag = 0;
  }

  if (val >= 700)             // check if the input is HIGH
  {
    val = analogRead(3);
    doSomething('f');
    delay(1000);
    if (val >= 700)
    {
      doSomething('g');
    }

    else
    {
      doSomething('m');
    }
  }

  else
  {
    doSomething('m');
  }

  if (temp >= 35 && temp < 50) // "Hot Warning" temp
  {
    doSomething('a');
  }

  else if (temp >= 34 && temp < 35) // "Warm Warning" temp
  {
    doSomething('b');
  }

  else if (temp >= 50) // "Danger Warning" temp
  {
doSomething('c');
  }

  else
  {
    doSomething('m');
  }

  if (lightReading > 100 && lightReading <= 200) // Dim Warning
  {
    doSomething('d');
  }

  else if (lightReading <= 100) // Dark Warning
  {
    doSomething('e');
  }

  else
  {
    doSomething('m');
  }

  if (state == '1') //Motor
  {
    doSomething('h');
  }

  else if ( state == '2')//Motor
  {
    doSomething('i');
  }

  else if ( state == '3')//Motor
  {
    doSomething('j');
  }

  else if ( state == '4') //Motor
  {
    doSomething('k');
  }

  else if ( state == '5')//Motor
  {
    doSomething('l');
  }

  else
  {
    doSomething('m');
  }

  if (key) // Check for a valid key.
  {
    switch (key)
    {
  case '1':

    Serial.println(key);
    servoMain.write(72);  // Turn Servo to 0
    break;

  case '2':

    Serial.println(key);
    servoMain.write(0);  // Turn Servo Left to 36 degrees
    break;

  case '3':

    Serial.println(key);
    servoMain.write(36);   // Turn Servo Left to 72 degrees
    break;

  case '4':

    Serial.println(key);
    servoMain.write(108);  // Turn Servo left to 108 degrees
    break;

  case '5':

    Serial.println(key);
    servoMain.write(144); // Turn Servo left to 144 degrees
    break;

  case '6':

    Serial.println(key);
    break;

  case '7':

    Serial.println(key);
    break;

  case '8':

    Serial.println(key);
    break;

  case '9':

    Serial.println(key);
    break;

  case '0':

    Serial.println(key);
    break;

  case '*':

    Serial.println(key);
    break;

  case '#':

    Serial.println(key);
    break;
    }
  }

  delay(300);
  lcd.clear();
  Serial.print("Light,"); Serial.print(lightReading); Serial.print(" "); Serial.print('\n');
}

void keypadEvent(KeypadEvent key) {
  switch (kpd.getState()) {

    //U can use three modes: PRESSED, HOLD or RELEASED.
    //U can also add more than one event with more than one key.
    case PRESSED:
      if (key == '0') {
        if (s1val <= 0 && s2val >= 2) //turn left
        {
          digitalWrite(motor1Pin1, HIGH);
          digitalWrite(motor1Pin2, LOW);
          digitalWrite(motor2Pin1, LOW);
          digitalWrite(motor2Pin2, LOW);
          digitalWrite(led2, HIGH);
          digitalWrite(led1, LOW);
        }

        else if (s1val >= 2  && s2val <= 0) // turn right
        {
          digitalWrite(motor1Pin1, LOW);
          digitalWrite(motor1Pin2, LOW);
          digitalWrite(motor2Pin1, LOW);
          digitalWrite(motor2Pin2, HIGH);
          digitalWrite(led1, HIGH);
          digitalWrite(led2, LOW);
        }

        else if (s1val >= 2 && s2val >= 2) // go forward
        {
          digitalWrite(motor1Pin1, HIGH);
          digitalWrite(motor1Pin2, LOW);
          digitalWrite(motor2Pin1, LOW);
          digitalWrite(motor2Pin2, HIGH);
          digitalWrite(led2, HIGH);
          digitalWrite(led1, HIGH);
        }

        else // stop
        {
          digitalWrite(motor1Pin1, LOW);
          digitalWrite(motor1Pin2, LOW);
          digitalWrite(motor2Pin1, LOW);
          digitalWrite(motor2Pin2, LOW);
          digitalWrite(led1, LOW);
          digitalWrite(led2, LOW);
        }
      }
  }
}

void doSomething(char condition) {
  switch (condition) {
  case 'a' :  // if temp is higher than 35°C
  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
  lcd.print("   Room Hot!!   ");
  digitalWrite(led, HIGH);
  delay(200);
  beep(150);
  digitalWrite(led, LOW);
  delay(200);
  break;

case 'b' :  // if temp is higher than 30°C
  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
  lcd.print("   Room Warm!   ");
  digitalWrite(led, HIGH);
  delay(200);
  beep(150);
  digitalWrite(led, LOW);
  delay(200);
  break;

case 'c' :  // if temp is higher than 50°C
  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
  lcd.print("    Warning     ");
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
  lcd.print("    Danger!!    ");
  digitalWrite(led, HIGH);
  delay(200);
  beep2(150);
  digitalWrite(led, LOW);
  delay(200);
  break;

case 'd' : // if room is dim
  analogWrite(bulb, 150);
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
  lcd.print("   Room Dim!!   ");
  digitalWrite(led, HIGH);
  delay(200);
  beep(150);
  digitalWrite(led, LOW);
  delay(200);
  break;

case 'e': // if room is dark
  analogWrite(bulb, 255);
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
  lcd.print("   Room Dark    ");
  digitalWrite(led, HIGH);
  delay(200);
  beep(150);
  digitalWrite(led, LOW);
  delay(200);
  break;

case 'f': //  when motion detected by I.R Sensor
  analogWrite(bulb, 0);
  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
  lcd.print("Motion Detected");
  digitalWrite(motor1Pin1, LOW);
  digitalWrite(motor1Pin2, LOW);
  digitalWrite(motor2Pin1, LOW);
  digitalWrite(motor2Pin2, LOW);
  delay(1000);
  break;

case 'g':                  //motion detected turn on light for 20secs
  analogWrite(bulb, 255);
  delay(5000);
  break;

case 'h':                        // forward
  digitalWrite(motor1Pin1, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(motor1Pin2, LOW);
  digitalWrite(motor2Pin1, LOW);
  digitalWrite(motor2Pin2, HIGH);
  break;

case 'i':                        //left
  digitalWrite(motor1Pin1, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(motor1Pin2, LOW);
  digitalWrite(motor2Pin1, LOW);
  digitalWrite(motor2Pin2, LOW);
  break;

case 'j':                        //stop
  digitalWrite(motor1Pin1, LOW);
  digitalWrite(motor1Pin2, LOW);
  digitalWrite(motor2Pin1, LOW);
  digitalWrite(motor2Pin2, LOW);
  break;

case 'k':                        //right
  digitalWrite(motor1Pin1, LOW);
  digitalWrite(motor1Pin2, LOW);
  digitalWrite(motor2Pin1, LOW);
  digitalWrite(motor2Pin2, HIGH);
  break;

case 'l':                        //reverse
  digitalWrite(motor1Pin1, LOW);
  digitalWrite(motor1Pin2, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(motor2Pin1, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(motor2Pin2, LOW);
  break;

default:
  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
  lcd.print("Time:");
  lcd.setCursor(6, 0);                                            // Set LCD cursor position (column, row)
  lcd.print(hour());
  lcd.print(":");
  lcd.print (minute());
  lcd.print(" ");
  lcd.print(second());
  lcd.print("     ");
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
  lcd.print("Date:");
  lcd.setCursor(6, 1);                                           // Set LCD cursor position (column,row)
  lcd.print(day());
  lcd.print(".");
  lcd.print(month());
  lcd.print(".");
  lcd.print(year());
  analogWrite(bulb, 0);
  break;

  }
}

void beep(unsigned char delayms) { // buzzeer tones for room hot and warm
  for (int x = 0; x < numTones; x++)
  {
    tone(buzzer, tones[x]);
    delay(delayms);
  }
  noTone(buzzer);
}
void beep2(unsigned char delayms2) { // buzzer tone for room above 50°C
  for (int y = 0; y < Tones; y++)
  {
   tone(buzzer, ones2[y]);
    delay(delayms2);
  }
  noTone(buzzer);
}

void digitalClockDisplay() {
  // digital clock display of the time
  Serial.print(hour());
  printDigits(minute());
  printDigits(second());
  Serial.print(" ");
  Serial.print(day());
  Serial.print(" ");
  Serial.print(month());
  Serial.print(" ");
  Serial.print(year());
  Serial.println();

  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
  lcd.print("Time:");
  lcd.setCursor(6, 0);        // Set LCD cursor position (column, row)
  lcd.print(hour());
  lcd.print(":");
  lcd.print (minute());
  lcd.print(" ");
  lcd.print(second());
  lcd.print(" ");
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
  lcd.print("Date:");
  lcd.setCursor(6, 1);       // Set LCD cursor position (column,row)
  lcd.print(day());
  lcd.print(".");
  lcd.print(month());
  lcd.print(".");
  lcd.print(year());

  // Print text to LCD
  // Delay to read text
  // Clear the display

}

void printDigits(int digits) {
  // utility function for digital clock display: prints preceding colon and leading 0
  Serial.print(":");
  if (digits < 10)
  Serial.print('0');
  Serial.print(digits);
}

Answer 1

如果您希望代码在按下按钮后继续执行某些操作，则需要一个“切换”变量，该变量在按下按钮后设置，在再次按下按钮时重置。

在全局声明中，可以在main()中放入bool mustDoIt = false;和

if (keyPressed) {
  mustDoIt = !mustDoIt;
}

if (mustDoIt) {
  ...
}

我注意到相当多的事情：

对于temp，你有一个很大的if ... else (顺便说一句，这不是一个好名字，它的意思可能是temperature或temporary)，你可以在上面调用另一个函数，在里面进行同样的检查。为什么不把温度传递给函数并检查它的内部呢？

• 你要重复几次代码，

考虑为此编写一个函数：

类似于：

void displayMessage(char *first_row, char *second_row) {
  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
  lcd.print(first_row);
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
  lcd.print(second_row);
  digitalWrite(led, HIGH);
  delay(200);
  beep(150);
  digitalWrite(led, LOW);
  delay(200);
}

，

• ，你基本上只检查temp，state和lightReading，所以就像我说的，把检查移到你真正需要的地方。将这三个变量传递给doSomething并在其中执行检查。

如下所示：

void doSomething(float temp, int state, int lightReading) {
  if (temp >= 35 && temp < 50)
  {
    displayMessage("   Room Hot!!   ", "");
  } else if (temp >= 34 && temp < 35)
  {
    displayMessage("   Room Warm!   ", "");
  } else if (temp >= 50)
  {
    displayMessage("    Warning     ", "    Danger!!    ");
  } //...Add rest of the checks here

  switch (state) {
    case 1: //Motor
      digitalWrite(motor1Pin1, HIGH);
      digitalWrite(motor1Pin2, LOW);
      digitalWrite(motor2Pin1, LOW);
      digitalWrite(motor2Pin2, HIGH);
    break;
    case 2:
      digitalWrite(motor1Pin1, HIGH);
      digitalWrite(motor1Pin2, LOW);
      digitalWrite(motor2Pin1, LOW);
      digitalWrite(motor2Pin2, LOW);
    break;
  //...Add rest of the checks here
  }

lightReading也是如此。

此外，可以将digitalClockDisplay函数编写为：

void digitalClockDisplay() {
  char time_string[32];
  char date_string[32];

  memset(time_string, 0, 32);
  sprintf(time_string, "Time: %02d:%02d:%02d     ", hour(), minute(), second());
  memset(date_string, 0, 32);
  sprintf(date_string, "date: %02d.%02d.%02d     ", day(), month(), year());

  displayMessage(time_string, date_string);

  Serial.println(time_string);
}

我现在不能测试代码，但我希望这能给你一些想法。