在michael hartl的ruby on rails教程中安装ruby 1.9.3

Question

我正在编写Michael Hartl的ruby on rails教程http://ruby.railstutorial.org/ruby-on-rails-tutorial-book#sec-development_tools。

我安装了Git，将我的操作系统更新到10.8.2，并下载了XCode 4.5.2。

rvm install 1.9.3

Ruby (and needed base gems) for your selection will be installed shortly.
Before it happens, please read and execute the instructions below.
Please use a separate terminal to execute any additional commands.

  Notes for Mac OS X 10.8.2, Xcode 4.5.2.

For JRuby:  Install the JDK. See http://developer.apple.com/java/download/  # Current Java version "1.6.0_26"
For IronRuby: Install Mono >= 2.6
For Ruby 1.9.3: Install libksba # If using Homebrew, 'brew install libksba'
For Opal: Install Nodejs with NPM. See http://nodejs.org/download/

To use an RVM installed Ruby as default, instead of the system ruby:

    rvm install 1.8.7 # installs patch 357: closest supported version
    rvm system ; rvm gemset export system.gems ; rvm 1.8.7 ; rvm gemset import system.gems # migrate your gems
    rvm alias create default 1.8.7

And reopen your terminal windows.

Xcode and gcc:

Right now Ruby requires gcc to compile, but Xcode 4.2 and later no longer ship with gcc. Instead they ship with llvm-gcc (to which gcc is a symlink) and clang, neither of which are supported for building Ruby. Xcode 4.1 was the last version to ship gcc, which was /usr/bin/gcc-4.2.

Xcode 4.1 and earlier:
- Ruby will build fine.

Xcode 4.2 and later (including Command Line Tools for Xcode):
- If you have gcc-4.2 (and friends) from an earlier Xcode version, Ruby will build fine.
- If you don't have gcc-4.2, you have two options to get it:
 * Install apple-gcc42 from Homebrew
 * Install osx-gcc-installer

  Homebrew:

  If you are using Homebrew, you can install the apple-gcc42 and required libraries from homebrew/dupes:

      brew update
      brew tap homebrew/dupes
      brew install autoconf automake apple-gcc42
      rvm pkg install openssl

  Xcode 4.2+ install or/and Command Line Tools for Xcode is required to provide make and other tools.

  osx-gcc-installer:

  If you don't use Homebrew, you can download and install osx-gcc-installer: https://github.com/kennethreitz/osx-gcc-installer.

  Warning: Installing osx-gcc-installer on top of a recent Xcode is known to cause problems, so you must uninstall Xcode before installing osx-gcc-installer. Afterwards you may install Xcode 4.2+ or Command Line Tools for Xcode if you desire.

  ** NOTE: Currently, Node.js is having issues building with osx-gcc-installer. The only fix is to install Xcode over osx-gcc-installer.

Press 'q' to continue.
~
(END) 

一开始我得买自制的

brew install libksba

这就引出了"Xcode和gcc:“以及它下面的一切。

因此，我有了homebrew，并且以下三个命令有效：

  brew update
  brew tap homebrew/dupes
  brew install autoconf automake apple-gcc42

但当我尝试的时候

rvm pkg install openssl

这就是发生的事情

Fetching openssl-1.0.1c.tar.gz to /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/archives
Extracting openssl to /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/src/openssl-1.0.1c
Configuring openssl in /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/src/openssl-1.0.1c.
Compiling openssl in /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/src/openssl-1.0.1c.
Error running 'make', please read /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/log/openssl/make.log

Please note that it's required to reinstall all rubies:

    rvm reinstall all --force

Updating openssl certificates
Error running 'update_openssl_certs', please read /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/log/openssl.certs.log

这就是当我尝试它所说的东西时发生的事情。

Adam-Zerners-MacBook-Pro:~ adamzerner$ rvm reinstall all --force
Adam-Zerners-MacBook-Pro:~ adamzerner$ 

其他一些信息..。

看起来我已经安装了1.8.7：

Adam-Zerners-MacBook-Pro:~ adamzerner$ ruby -v
ruby 1.8.7 (2012-02-08 patchlevel 358) [universal-darwin12.0]

所以..。总结一下..。当我试着跑的时候

rvm install 1.9.3

我得到了gcc/Xcode的问题。要解决这个问题，可以从Homebrew下载apple-gcc42。当我这样做的时候，我会在做完之后遇到问题

rvm pkg install openssl

问题是我需要重新安装所有的红宝石。当我这样做的时候：

rvm reinstall all --force

提前感谢任何愿意帮助我解决这个问题的人！

编辑:我之前忘了说这个。对于上面的“长的东西”，当我按Q继续时，这是发生的事情…

Searching for binary rubies, this might take some time.
https://rvm.io/binaries/osx/10.8/x86_64/ruby-1.9.3-p327.tar.bz2 - #configure
ruby-1.9.3-p327 - #download
ruby-1.9.3-p327 - #extract
ruby-1.9.3-p327 - #validate
Libraries missing for ruby-1.9.3-p327: env. Refer to your system manual for installing libraries
Mounting remote ruby failed, trying to compile.
Fetching yaml-0.1.4.tar.gz to /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/archives
Extracting yaml to /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/src/yaml-0.1.4
Configuring yaml in /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/src/yaml-0.1.4.
Error running './configure --prefix=/Users/adamzerner/.rvm/usr', please read /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/log/ruby-1.9.3-p327/yaml/configure.log
Compiling yaml in /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/src/yaml-0.1.4.
Error running 'make', please read /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/log/ruby-1.9.3-p327/yaml/make.log
Installing Ruby from source to: /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p327, this may take a while depending on your cpu(s)...
ruby-1.9.3-p327 - #downloading ruby-1.9.3-p327, this may take a while depending on your connection...
ruby-1.9.3-p327 - #extracted to /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/src/ruby-1.9.3-p327 (already extracted)
ruby-1.9.3-p327 - #configuring
Error running './configure --enable-shared --disable-install-doc --prefix=/Users/adamzerner/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p327 --with-opt-dir=/Users/adamzerner/.rvm/usr', please read /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/log/ruby-1.9.3-p327/configure.log
There has been an error while running configure. Halting the installation.

编辑:当我关注OliverAtkinson发布的github链接时会发生什么？

Last login: Wed Dec 26 15:55:12 on ttys000
Adam-Zerners-MacBook-Pro:~ adamzerner$ brew update
Updated Homebrew from 751a0d6e to c67c126c.
==> New Formulae
ume
==> Updated Formulae
akka        global      markdown    ruby        slrn
basex       gnuplot     mu      ruby-build  ttytter
casperjs    gradle      qt      shiboken    vice
cassandra   groonga     qt5     shocco      wine
discount    jenkins     rakudo-star signing-party   xvid
Adam-Zerners-MacBook-Pro:~ adamzerner$ brew tap homebrew/dupes
Error: Already tapped!
Adam-Zerners-MacBook-Pro:~ adamzerner$ brew install autoconf automake apple-gcc42
Error: autoconf-2.69 already installed
Error: automake-1.12.6 already installed
Error: apple-gcc42-4.2.1-5666.3 already installed
Adam-Zerners-MacBook-Pro:~ adamzerner$ brew remove autoconf automake apple-gcc42
Uninstalling /usr/local/Cellar/autoconf/2.69...
Uninstalling /usr/local/Cellar/automake/1.12.6...
Uninstalling /usr/local/Cellar/apple-gcc42/4.2.1-5666.3...
Adam-Zerners-MacBook-Pro:~ adamzerner$ brew install autoconf automake apple-gcc42
==> Downloading http://ftpmirror.gnu.org/autoconf/autoconf-2.69.tar.gz
Already downloaded: /Library/Caches/Homebrew/autoconf-2.69.tar.gz
==> Patching
patching file bin/autoreconf.in
==> ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/autoconf/2.69
==> make install
/usr/local/Cellar/autoconf/2.69: 69 files, 2.0M, built in 13 seconds
==> Downloading http://ftpmirror.gnu.org/automake/automake-1.12.6.tar.gz
Already downloaded: /Library/Caches/Homebrew/automake-1.12.6.tar.gz
==> ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/automake/1.12.6
==> make install
/usr/local/Cellar/automake/1.12.6: 130 files, 2.1M, built in 16 seconds
==> Downloading http://r.research.att.com/tools/gcc-42-5666.3-darwin11.pkg
Already downloaded: /Library/Caches/Homebrew/apple-gcc42-4.2.1-5666.3.pkg
==> Caveats
NOTE:
This formula provides components that were removed from XCode in the 4.2
release. There is no reason to install this formula if you are using a
version of XCode prior to 4.2.

This formula contains compilers built from Apple's GCC sources, build
5666.3, available from:

  http://opensource.apple.com/tarballs/gcc

All compilers have a `-4.2` suffix. A GFortran compiler is also included.
==> Summary
/usr/local/Cellar/apple-gcc42/4.2.1-5666.3: 104 files, 75M, built in 5 seconds
Adam-Zerners-MacBook-Pro:~ adamzerner$ rvm pkg install openssl
Fetching openssl-1.0.1c.tar.gz to /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/archives
Extracting openssl to /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/src/openssl-1.0.1c
Configuring openssl in /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/src/openssl-1.0.1c.
Compiling openssl in /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/src/openssl-1.0.1c.
Error running 'make', please read /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/log/openssl/make.log

Please note that it's required to reinstall all rubies:

    rvm reinstall all --force

Updating openssl certificates
Error running 'update_openssl_certs', please read /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/log/openssl.certs.log
Adam-Zerners-MacBook-Pro:~ adamzerner$ CC=/usr/local/bin/gcc-4.2 rvm reinstall 1.9.3 --patch falcon --force-autoconf -j 3
Removing /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/src/ruby-1.9.3-p327...
/Users/adamzerner/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p327 has already been removed.
Fetching yaml-0.1.4.tar.gz to /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/archives
Extracting yaml to /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/src/yaml-0.1.4
Configuring yaml in /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/src/yaml-0.1.4.
Error running './configure --prefix=/Users/adamzerner/.rvm/usr', please read /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/log/ruby-1.9.3-p327/yaml/configure.log
Compiling yaml in /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/src/yaml-0.1.4.
Error running 'make -j3', please read /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/log/ruby-1.9.3-p327/yaml/make.log
Installing Ruby from source to: /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p327, this may take a while depending on your cpu(s)...
ruby-1.9.3-p327 - #downloading ruby-1.9.3-p327, this may take a while depending on your connection...
ruby-1.9.3-p327 - #extracting ruby-1.9.3-p327 to /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/src/ruby-1.9.3-p327
ruby-1.9.3-p327 - #extracted to /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/src/ruby-1.9.3-p327
Applying patch /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/patches/ruby/1.9.3/p327/falcon.diff
ruby-1.9.3-p327 - #autoreconf-f
ruby-1.9.3-p327 - #configuring
Error running './configure --enable-shared --disable-install-doc --prefix=/Users/adamzerner/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p327 --with-opt-dir=/Users/adamzerner/.rvm/usr', please read /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/log/ruby-1.9.3-p327/configure.log
There has been an error while running configure. Halting the installation.
Adam-Zerners-MacBook-Pro:~ adamzerner$ ruby -v
ruby 1.8.7 (2012-02-08 patchlevel 358) [universal-darwin12.0]
Adam-Zerners-MacBook-Pro:~ adamzerner$ 

Answer 1

我现在已经成功下载了Ruby 1.9.3！

我认为问题在于我没有从XCode下载命令行工具。请参阅http://robots.thoughtbot.com/post/27985816073/the-hitchhikers-guide-to-riding-a-mountain-lion

请注意，对于whoami，它使用的是backtick键，它就在tab键的正上方。它没有使用引号。

下载命令行工具后，我输入了rvm install 1.9.3。我得到了和以前一样的“长东西”，但在这一点上我已经拥有了我需要的一切，所以我只需按Q键继续，ruby 1.9.3就成功安装了！

注意:虽然安装成功，但当我输入ruby -v时，即使不是1.8.7，它仍然说是1.8.7，但是在关闭并重新打开终端后，它又说版本确实是1.9.3。