std::left/right的Iomanip错误

Question

我试图左对齐一条线的一侧，右对齐这条线的另一边，但我在将右边对齐到右对齐时遇到了麻烦。有人能发现我的错误吗？

//The following program will declare
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>

using namespace std;

const int HOUSING = 3500;                                       //housing cost
const int MEALS = 2000;                                         //meal cost
const int N_CRED_PER = 285;                                     //out of state credit cost
const int CRED_PER = 130;                                       //amount of money per credit(cost)
const int TAB = 30;                                             //precision
const int ADD_FEES = 6200;                                      //out of state fees for non-resident

int main()
{
  cout << "Grant Mercer section 1002 Assignment 6\n\n";
  int size, studentID, credits, i, valid,total;
  //size of loop, studentID to hold ID of student, credits to hold num
  //of credits the student will take, i to start loop
  char first, last, res, housing, meal;                         //first and last to hold initials of
                                                                //student, res to hold code
                                                                //if student is resident, meal to hold
                                                                //code if student has meals
  cin >> size;                                                  //grab length of loop in file
  cout << left;                                                 //manipulate stream
  cout << fixed << showpoint << setprecision(2);
  valid = size;                                                 //initially all entries are valid, but de
                                                                //cremented each time something goes wrong
  while  (i < size)
    {
      cin >> studentID >> first >> last >> credits >> res;      //read in mandatory data to vars
      cout << setw(TAB) << left <<  "Student #: " << right << studentID << endl;  //display id
      cout << setw(TAB) << left << "Initials: " << right << first << last << endl;//display initials
      if(credits > 0 && credits < 21)                           //if credits are fine
        {
          switch(res)                                           //find char in res
            {
            case 'R':                                           //if RESIDENT
            case 'r':
              cout << setw(TAB) << left << "Residency status: " << right << "Resident" << endl;
              cout << setw(TAB) << left << "Credits: " << right << credits << endl;
              cout << setw(TAB-10) << left << "Tuition: " << setw(10) << "$" << right << (double)CRED_PER * credits << endl;
              cout << setw(TAB-10) << left << "Total due: " << setw(10) << "$" << right << (double)CRED_PER * credits << endl;
              total += CRED_PER * credits;                      //add to total cost
            break;
            case 'N':                                           //if NON-RESIDENT
            case 'n':
              cout << setw(TAB) << left  << "Residency status: " << right <<  "Non-resident" << endl;
              cin >> housing >> meal;                            //since the student is non-resident, they
                                                                 //have a mean and house code
              cout << setw(TAB) << left << "Credits: " << right << credits << endl;
              cout << setw(TAB - 10) << left  << "Tuition: " << setw(10) << "$" << right << (double)credits * N_CRED_PER + ADD_FEES << endl;
              if(housing == 'H' || housing == 'h')
              {
                cout << setw(TAB - 10) << left << "Housing: " << setw(10) << "$" << right << (double)HOUSING << endl;
                if(meal == 'M' || meal == 'm')                  //if MEALS
                  {
                    cout << setw(TAB-10) << left << "Meal Plan: " << setw(10) << "$" << right << (double) MEALS << endl;
                    cout << setw(TAB-10) << left << "Total due: " << setw(10) << "$" << right << (double) MEALS + HOUSING + (credits * N_CRED_PER) + ADD_FEES << endl;
                    total += MEALS + HOUSING + (credits * N_CRED_PER) + ADD_FEES;
                                                                //add to total
                  }
                else                                             //if NO MEALS
                  {
                    cout << setw(TAB-10) << left << "Total due: " << setw(10) << "$" << right << (double)\
HOUSING + (credits *N_CRED_PER) + ADD_FEES << endl;
                    total += HOUSING + (credits * N_CRED_PER) + ADD_FEES;
                                                                //add to total
                    total += HOUSING + (credits * N_CRED_PER) + ADD_FEES;
                                                                //add to total
                  }
              }
              else                                              //if NO HOUSING NO MEALS
              {
                cout << setw(TAB-10) << left  << "Total due: " << setw(10) << "$" << right << (double)(cr\
edits * CRED_PER) + ADD_FEES
                     << endl;
                total += (credits * CRED_PER) + ADD_FEES;
              }
            break;
            }

        }
      else
      {
        cout << "INVLIAD CREDIT AMOUNT...\n";
        valid--;
      }
      i++;
      cout << endl << endl;
    }
  cout << "\nFINAL TOTALS\n";                                   //display final totals from students
  cout << right << setw(TAB) << left << "Valid request count: " << right << valid << endl;
  cout << setw(TAB) << left  << "Invalid requrest count: " << right << size - valid << endl;
  cout << setw(TAB - 10) << left  << "Total feed due: " << setw(10) << "$" << right << (double)total;
  cout << endl;
  return 0;
}

输出都是左对齐的，我不明白我需要做什么才能让这一切都对齐。谢谢!

Answer 1

在用cout打印每个右对齐的字符串之前，您忘记了使用setw()。例如，在您的代码中使用以下行：

cout << setw(TAB) << left << "Residency status: " << right << "Resident" << endl;

在打印每个字符串左对齐或右对齐之前，必须设置新的宽度：

cout << setw(20) << left << "Residency status: " << setw(20) << right << "Resident" << endl;

如果没有setw()，它将假定宽度为零，这基本上忽略了右对齐。