SpringSource:加载属性PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer bean

Question

我使用的是Spring工具套件版本: 3.0.0.RELEASE

我想加载我自己的.properties文件以便在我的应用程序中使用，所以我尝试使用PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer

下面是我的servlet-context.xml代码：

     <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">

    <!-- DispatcherServlet Context: defines this servlet's request-processing infrastructure -->

    <!-- Enables the Spring MVC @Controller programming model -->
    <annotation-driven />

    <!-- Handles HTTP GET requests for /resources/** by efficiently serving up static resources in the ${webappRoot}/resources directory -->
    <resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/" />

    <!-- Resolves views selected for rendering by @Controllers to .jsp resources in the /WEB-INF/views directory -->
    <beans:bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <beans:property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />
        <beans:property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </beans:bean>
    <context:component-scan base-package="jp.co.rns" />

    <mvc:interceptors>
    <beans:bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.LocaleChangeInterceptor">
        <beans:property name="paramName" value="lang" />
    </beans:bean>
</mvc:interceptors>

    <beans:bean id="messageSource"
    class="org.springframework.context.support.ReloadableResourceBundleMessageSource">
    <beans:property name="basename" value="classpath:static" />
    <beans:property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>
</beans:bean>

<beans:bean id="localeChangeInterceptor"
    class="org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.LocaleChangeInterceptor">
    <beans:property name="paramName" value="lang" />
</beans:bean>

<beans:bean id="localeResolver"
    class="org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.CookieLocaleResolver">
    <beans:property name="defaultLocale" value="jp"/>
</beans:bean>

<beans:bean id="handlerMapping"
    class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping">
    <beans:property name="interceptors">
        <beans:ref bean="localeChangeInterceptor" />
    </beans:property>
</beans:bean>

<beans:bean id="propertyConfigurer" 
    class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer"> 
    <beans:property name="location">
     <beans:value>application.properties</beans:value> 
    </beans:property>
    <beans:property name="ignoreUnresolvablePlaceholders">
    <beans:value>true</beans:value>
    </beans:property>
</beans:bean>
</beans:beans>

application.properties：

order=2
companyName=Unknown

项目结构：

src
|
 ---main
|  |
|   ---java
|  |
|   ---resources
|  |
|   ---webapp
|      |
|       ---application.properties
|      |
|       ---resources
|      |   |
|      |    ---application.properties    
|      |
|       ---WEB-INF
|          |
|           ---application.properties 
|          |
|           ---web.xml
|          |
|           ---classes (empty)
|          |
|           ---spring
|          |   |
|          |    ---application.properties
|          |   |
|          |    ---root-context.xml
|          |   |
|          |    ---appServlet
|          |       |
|          |        ---servlet-context.xml
|          |       |
|          |        ---application.properties
|          |
|           ---views (...)
|
 ---test

web.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">

    <!-- The definition of the Root Spring Container shared by all Servlets and Filters -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring/root-context.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>

    <!-- Creates the Spring Container shared by all Servlets and Filters -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    <!-- Processes application requests -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring/appServlet/servlet-context.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

我检查过了，application.properties在/WEB-INF/目录中。

但是当我开始启动服务器时，它给了我一个错误：

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanInitializationException: Could not load properties; nested exception is java.io.FileNotFoundException: Could not open ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/application.properties]

我做错了什么？

Answer 1

我通过在/src/main/resources Source文件夹中创建新的application.properties文件并复制旧文件中的内容来使其正常工作。另外，我必须将Location值更改为classpath:application.properties。我有一个问题:这个资源文件会编译成jar吗？我不需要重新编译就可以改变它吗？如果没有，请分享一些加载外部属性的其他方法。

Answer 2

来自spring-context-3.0.xsd

Spring解析占位符所依据的属性文件的位置，如

资源位置: URL、"classpath:“伪URL或相对文件路径。可以指定多个位置，用逗号分隔。如果既未指定location，也未指定properties-ref，则将根据系统属性解析占位符。

您没有指定可解析的位置/WEB-INF/application.properties不是url、伪URL (如" file :“或"classpath")或相对文件路径。我推荐使用类路径方法。