dlopen()无法加载库: cairo / cairo-2

Question

这是我的观点：

from django.conf import settings
from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.template.loader import render_to_string
import weasyprint


    @staff_member_required
    def admin_order_pdf(request, order_id):
        order = get_object_or_404(Order, id=order_id)
        html = render_to_string('orders/order/pdf.html', {'order': order})
        response = HttpResponse(content_type='application/pdf')
        response['Content-Disposition'] = 'filename="order_{}.pdf"'.format(order.id)
        weasyprint.HTML(string=html).write_pdf(response,
                                               stylesheets=[weasyprint.CSS(settings.STATIC_ROOT + 'css/pdf.css')])
        return response

当我想导入(导入weasyprint)时，它会给我一个错误。

ERROR:

Request Method: GET
Request URL:    http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/orders/order/
Django Version: 1.8.6
Exception Type: OSError
Exception Value:    
dlopen() failed to load a library: cairo / cairo-2

我已经安装了weasyprint和cairocffi。我用的是osx El Capitan

Answer 1

通过在Ubuntu上安装以下依赖项，我解决了这个问题：

 sudo apt-get install libpango1.0-0
 sudo apt-get install libcairo2
 sudo apt-get install libpq-dev

查看链接中的依赖项：

http://weasyprint.readthedocs.io/en/latest/install.html

Answer 2

在OSX EL CAPITAN上重新安装weasyprint时，我也遇到了同样的问题。这就是我解决这个问题的方法。

首先，在通过pip安装时找不到cairo，所以我尝试使用以下命令通过自制软件安装它

brew install cairo pango gdk-pixbuf libxml2 libxslt libffi

完成后，我尝试找出cairo的安装路径。对于我的示例，位置是/usr/local/homebrew/Cellar/cairo/1.14.6_1/lib/我刚刚将其导出到我的DYLD库路径

export DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/homebrew/Cellar/cairo/1.14.6_1/lib/

然后我卸载并重新安装了weasyprint

pip uninstall weasyprint
pip install weasyprint

在那之后，我尝试运行weasyprint，但得到了一个新的错误

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/anurag/VirtualEnvs/test/bin/weasyprint", line 11, in <module>
 load_entry_point('WeasyPrint==0.31', 'console_scripts', 'weasyprint')()
File "/Users/anurag/VirtualEnvs/test/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 565, in load_entry_point
 return get_distribution(dist).load_entry_point(group, name)
File "/Users/anurag/VirtualEnvs/test/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2598, in load_entry_point
 return ep.load()
File "/Users/anurag/VirtualEnvs/test/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2258, in load
 return self.resolve()
File "/Users/anurag/VirtualEnvs/test/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2264, in resolve
 module = __import__(self.module_name, fromlist=['__name__'], level=0)
File "/Users/anurag/VirtualEnvs/test/lib/python2.7/site-packages/weasyprint/__init__.py", line 338, in <module>
 from .css import PARSER, preprocess_stylesheet  # noqa
File "/Users/anurag/VirtualEnvs/test/lib/python2.7/site-packages/weasyprint/css/__init__.py", line 30, in <module>
 from . import computed_values
File "/Users/anurag/VirtualEnvs/test/lib/python2.7/site-packages/weasyprint/css/computed_values.py", line 18, in <module>
 from .. import text
File "/Users/anurag/VirtualEnvs/test/lib/python2.7/site-packages/weasyprint/text.py", line 216, in <module>
 'libgobject-2.0.dylib')
File "/Users/anurag/VirtualEnvs/test/lib/python2.7/site-packages/weasyprint/text.py", line 212, in dlopen
 return ffi.dlopen(names[0])  # pragma: no cover
File "/Users/anurag/VirtualEnvs/test/lib/python2.7/site-packages/cffi/api.py", line 139, in dlopen
 lib, function_cache = _make_ffi_library(self, name, flags)
File "/Users/anurag/VirtualEnvs/test/lib/python2.7/site-packages/cffi/api.py", line 770, in _make_ffi_library
 backendlib = _load_backend_lib(backend, libname, flags)
File "/Users/anurag/VirtualEnvs/test/lib/python2.7/site-packages/cffi/api.py", line 759, in _load_backend_lib
 return backend.load_library(name, flags)
OSError: cannot load library gobject-2.0: dlopen(gobject-2.0, 2): image not found

我试着找出object库的位置。在/opt/local/lib中找到它并设置备用库路径

export DYLD_FALLBACK_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/local/lib

在那之后，我再次尝试运行weasyprint，它起作用了

(test)anurag-mac:~ anurag$ weasyprint --version
WeasyPrint version 0.31

我希望其他人也能发现它的用处。

更新-1

尽管上面的方法起作用了，但由于这个原因，MySQL python开始给出错误，并且culprit定义了一个回退库路径。所以我删除了这一行

export DYLD_FALLBACK_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/local/lib

这又给了我一个gobject错误，然后我尝试查找它的安装位置并附加到DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH

export DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/homebrew/Cellar/cairo/1.14.6_1/lib/:/usr/local/homebrew/Cellar/glib/2.48.2/lib/

这样做之后，我在pango上得到了一个类似的错误。在纠正所有错误之后，这是工作的最终库路径

export DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/homebrew/Cellar/cairo/1.14.6_1/lib/:/usr/local/homebrew/Cellar/glib/2.48.2/lib/:/usr/local/homebrew/Cellar/pango/1.40.3/lib/

Answer 3

我在macOS Mojave上用boxes.py也遇到了同样的错误。我的解决方案是在pip3上安装cairocffi，在brew上安装cairo。这两个命令各自失败，但它们共同适用于boxes.py

pip3 install cairocffi
brew install cairo