由于在其他线程中完成了基准测试(参见https://stackoverflow.com/a/397617/1408611)表明,在Java6中的instanceof实际上是相当快的。这是如何实现的?
我知道对于单继承,最快的想法是使用一些嵌套的区间编码,其中每个类维护一个低的,高的区间,而instanceof仅仅是一个区间包含测试,即2个整数比较。但它是如何为接口制作的(因为区间包含只适用于单一继承)?类加载是如何处理的呢?加载新的子类意味着需要调整很多时间间隔。
发布于 2012-09-12 19:15:31
AFAIK每个类都知道它扩展的所有类和它实现的接口。这些可以存储在哈希集中,从而提供O(1)的查找时间。
当代码经常采用相同的分支时,成本几乎可以被消除,因为CPU可以在确定是否应该采用该分支之前执行该分支中的代码,从而使成本几乎为零。
由于微基准测试是在4年前执行的,我预计最新的CPU和JVM会快得多。
public static void main(String... args) {
Object[] doubles = new Object[100000];
Arrays.fill(doubles, 0.0);
doubles[100] = null;
doubles[1000] = null;
for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
testSameClass(doubles);
testSuperClass(doubles);
testInterface(doubles);
}
}
private static int testSameClass(Object[] doubles) {
long start = System.nanoTime();
int count = 0;
for (Object d : doubles) {
if (d instanceof Double)
count++;
}
long time = System.nanoTime() - start;
System.out.printf("instanceof Double took an average of %.1f ns%n", 1.0 * time / doubles.length);
return count;
}
private static int testSuperClass(Object[] doubles) {
long start = System.nanoTime();
int count = 0;
for (Object d : doubles) {
if (d instanceof Number)
count++;
}
long time = System.nanoTime() - start;
System.out.printf("instanceof Number took an average of %.1f ns%n", 1.0 * time / doubles.length);
return count;
}
private static int testInterface(Object[] doubles) {
long start = System.nanoTime();
int count = 0;
for (Object d : doubles) {
if (d instanceof Serializable)
count++;
}
long time = System.nanoTime() - start;
System.out.printf("instanceof Serializable took an average of %.1f ns%n", 1.0 * time / doubles.length);
return count;
}最后打印出来
instanceof Double took an average of 1.3 ns
instanceof Number took an average of 1.3 ns
instanceof Serializable took an average of 1.3 ns如果我把“替身”换成
for(int i=0;i<doubles.length;i+=2)
doubles[i] = "";我得到了
instanceof Double took an average of 1.3 ns
instanceof Number took an average of 1.6 ns
instanceof Serializable took an average of 2.2 ns注意:如果我改变了
if (d instanceof Double)至
if (d != null && d.getClass() == Double.class)表现也是一样的。
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12386789
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