正则表达式匹配任何内容、字符串、多个字符串，包括VIM中的newline non greedy

Question

我想替换以下内容中的小写字符串：

SELECT lower1, lower2, lower3 FROM lower4, lower5 WHERE

我使用vim replace用下面的正则表达式将它们替换为大写：

:%s/select\_.*\from\_.*\where/\U&/gic

当有其他select查询时，正则表达式select\_.*\from\_.*\where并不好用：

例如，它选择此查询中的所有内容，并影响不能升序的字符串

SELECT lower1, lower2, lower3 FROM lower4, lower5 WHERE lower1=cannot_be_uppercased
UNION all
SELECT lower1, lower2, lower3 FROM lower6, lower7 WHERE lower1=cannot_be_uppercased

Answer 1

在vim正则表达式中有非贪婪模式。使用\{-}而不是*。

我认为，正则表达式select\_.\{-}from\_.\{-}where就是您想要的。

这里有一些文档。

:h non-greedy

                            *non-greedy*
If a "-" appears immediately after the "{", then a shortest match
first algorithm is used (see example below).  In particular, "\{-}" is
the same as "*" but uses the shortest match first algorithm.  BUT: A
match that starts earlier is preferred over a shorter match: "a\{-}b"
matches "aaab" in "xaaab".

Example         matches ~
ab\{2,3}c       "abbc" or "abbbc"
a\{5}           "aaaaa"
ab\{2,}c        "abbc", "abbbc", "abbbbc", etc.
ab\{,3}c        "ac", "abc", "abbc" or "abbbc"
a[bc]\{3}d      "abbbd", "abbcd", "acbcd", "acccd", etc.
a\(bc\)\{1,2}d      "abcd" or "abcbcd"
a[bc]\{-}[cd]       "abc" in "abcd"
a[bc]*[cd]      "abcd" in "abcd"

The } may optionally be preceded with a backslash: \{n,m\}.