Oracle不是单组函数:编写查询

Question

我的查询子查询有一个错误。我试着解决这个问题好几个小时了，直到最近我放弃了。谁有oracle DBA方面的专业知识？

如何编写此查询？我需要一个使用聚合max()和sum()的子查询。

select at.au_id, 
    ((price*sales)*royalty_rate), 
    max(royalty_share) 
from royalties, titles, author_titles at 
group by royalty_rate 
having  max(royalty_share) = (select max((price*sales)*royalty_rate) 
    from author_titles, titles, royalties 
    group by rollup (royalty_rate, royalty_share, au_id));

下面是我所拥有的，我需要使用group by rollup或group by cube

这里是问题:1列出已经/已经因为写一本书而获得最高补偿的作者，以及获得的补偿。如果涉及1个以上的作者，请列出每个作者的总补偿和补偿。提示:出版商为图书分配预付款和版税。此信息在版税表中提供。版税费率应用于图书的收入，以确定版税支付。支付给每个作者的预付款和版税金额由author_titles表中的royalty_share字段确定。此解决方案涉及查找最大版税支付的子查询。

您可以将表格直接复制和粘贴到您喜欢使用的任何位置。谢谢。我的表格是：

DROP TABLE authors;
CREATE TABLE authors
 (
 au_id    CHAR(3)     NOT NULL,
 fname VARCHAR(15) NOT NULL,
 lname VARCHAR(15) NOT NULL,
 phone    VARCHAR(12)         ,
 address  VARCHAR(20)         ,
 city     VARCHAR(15)         ,
 state    CHAR(2)             ,
 zip      CHAR(5)             ,
CONSTRAINT authors_pk PRIMARY KEY (au_id)
);
INSERT INTO authors VALUES('A01','Sarah','Buchman','718-496-7223','75 West 205 St','Bronx','NY','10468');
INSERT INTO authors VALUES('A02','Wendy','Heydemark','303-986-7020','2922 Baseline Rd','Boulder','CO','80303');
INSERT INTO authors VALUES('A03','Hallie','Hull','415-549-4278','3800 Waldo Ave, #14F','San Francisco','CA','94123');
INSERT INTO authors VALUES('A04','Klee','Hull','415-549-4278','3800 Waldo Ave, #14F','San Francisco','CA','94123');
INSERT INTO authors VALUES('A05','Christian','Kells','212-771-4680','114 Horatio St','New York','NY','10014');
INSERT INTO authors VALUES('A06',' ','Kellsey','650-836-7128','390 Serra Mall','Palo Alto','CA','94305');
INSERT INTO authors VALUES('A07','Paddy','O''Furniture','941-925-0752','1442 Main St','Sarasota','FL','34236');



DROP TABLE titles;
CREATE TABLE titles
  (
  title_id   CHAR(3)      NOT NULL,
  title VARCHAR(40)  NOT NULL,
  genre       VARCHAR(10)          ,
  pub_id     CHAR(3)      NOT NULL,
  pages      INTEGER              ,
  price      DECIMAL(5,2)         ,
  sales      INTEGER              ,
  pubdate    DATE                 ,
  contract   SMALLINT     NOT NULL,
  CONSTRAINT titles_pk PRIMARY KEY (title_id), 
  CONSTRAINT Titles_pub_fk FOREIGN KEY (Pub_id)
    REFERENCES Publishers (Pub_id)
  );

INSERT INTO titles VALUES('T01','1977!','history','P01',107,21.99,566,DATE '2000-08-01',1);
INSERT INTO titles VALUES('T02','200 Years of German Humor','history','P03',14,19.95,9566,DATE '1998-04-01',1);
INSERT INTO titles VALUES('T03','Ask Your System Administrator','computer','P02',1226,39.95,25667,DATE '2000-09-01',1);
INSERT INTO titles VALUES('T04','But I Did It Unconsciously','psychology','P04',510,12.99,13001,DATE '1999-05-31',1);
INSERT INTO titles VALUES('T05','Exchange of Platitudes','psychology','P04',201,6.95,201440,DATE '2001-01-01',1);
INSERT INTO titles VALUES('T06','How About Never?','biography','P01',473,19.95,11320,DATE '2000-07-31',1);
INSERT INTO titles VALUES('T07','I Blame My Mother','biography','P03',333,23.95,1500200,DATE '1999-10-01',1);
INSERT INTO titles VALUES('T08','Just Wait Until After School','children','P04',86,10.00,4095,DATE '2001-06-01',1);
INSERT INTO titles VALUES('T09','Kiss My Boo-Boo','children','P04',22,13.95,5000,DATE '2002-05-31',1);
INSERT INTO titles VALUES('T10','Not Without My Faberge Egg','biography','P01',NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,0);
INSERT INTO titles VALUES('T11','Perhaps It''s a Glandular Problem','psychology','P04',826,7.99,94123,DATE '2000-11-30',1);
INSERT INTO titles VALUES('T12','Spontaneous, Not Annoying','biography','P01',507,12.99,100001,DATE '2000-08-31',1);
INSERT INTO titles VALUES('T13','What Are The Civilian Applications?','history','P03',802,29.99,10467,DATE '1999-05-31',1);


DROP TABLE author_titles;
CREATE TABLE author_titles
  (
  au_id         CHAR(3)      NOT NULL,  
  title_id      CHAR(3)      NOT NULL,
  au_order      SMALLINT     NOT NULL,
  royalty_share DECIMAL(5,2) NOT NULL,
  CONSTRAINT authors_titles_pk PRIMARY KEY (au_id, title_id),
  CONSTRAINT author_titles_au_fk FOREIGN KEY (au_id) 
    REFERENCES Authors (au_id),
  CONSTRAINT author_titles_titles_pk FOREIGN KEY (title_id) 
    REFERENCES Titles (title_id)
  );

INSERT INTO author_titles VALUES('A01','T01',1,1.0);
INSERT INTO author_titles VALUES('A01','T02',1,1.0);
INSERT INTO author_titles VALUES('A05','T03',1,1.0);
INSERT INTO author_titles VALUES('A03','T04',1,0.6);
INSERT INTO author_titles VALUES('A04','T04',2,0.4);
INSERT INTO author_titles VALUES('A04','T05',1,1.0);
INSERT INTO author_titles VALUES('A02','T06',1,1.0);
INSERT INTO author_titles VALUES('A02','T07',1,0.5);
INSERT INTO author_titles VALUES('A04','T07',2,0.5);
INSERT INTO author_titles VALUES('A06','T08',1,1.0);
INSERT INTO author_titles VALUES('A06','T09',1,1.0);
INSERT INTO author_titles VALUES('A02','T10',1,1.0);
INSERT INTO author_titles VALUES('A03','T11',2,0.3);
INSERT INTO author_titles VALUES('A04','T11',3,0.3);
INSERT INTO author_titles VALUES('A06','T11',1,0.4);
INSERT INTO author_titles VALUES('A02','T12',1,1.0);
INSERT INTO author_titles VALUES('A01','T13',1,1.0);




DROP TABLE royalties;
CREATE TABLE royalties
  (
  title_id     CHAR(3)      NOT NULL,
  advance      DECIMAL(9,2)         ,
  royalty_rate DECIMAL(5,2)         ,
  CONSTRAINT royalties_pk PRIMARY KEY (title_id),
  constraint roy_Titles_fk FOREIGN KEY (title_id) REFERENCES Titles (title_id)
  );

Alter table royalties disable constraint roy_titles_fk ;

INSERT INTO royalties VALUES('T01',10000,0.05);
INSERT INTO royalties VALUES('T02',1000,0.06);
INSERT INTO royalties VALUES('T03',15000,0.07);
INSERT INTO royalties VALUES('T04',20000,0.08);
INSERT INTO royalties VALUES('T05',100000,0.09);
INSERT INTO royalties VALUES('T06',20000,0.08);
INSERT INTO royalties VALUES('T07',1000000,0.11);
INSERT INTO royalties VALUES('T08',0,0.04);
INSERT INTO royalties VALUES('T09',0,0.05);
INSERT INTO royalties VALUES('T10',NULL,NULL);
INSERT INTO royalties VALUES('T11',100000,0.07);
INSERT INTO royalties VALUES('T12',50000,0.09);
INSERT INTO royalties VALUES('T13',20000,0.06);

Alter table royalties enable constraint roy_titles_fk ;

commit;
DROP TABLE publishers;
CREATE TABLE publishers
  (
  pub_id   CHAR(3)     NOT NULL,
  pname  VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
  city     VARCHAR(15) NOT NULL,
  state    CHAR(2)             ,
  country  VARCHAR(15) NOT NULL,
  CONSTRAINT publishers_pk PRIMARY KEY (pub_id)
  );
INSERT INTO publishers VALUES('P01','Abatis Publishers','New York','NY','USA');
INSERT INTO publishers VALUES('P02','Core Dump Books','San Francisco','CA','USA');
INSERT INTO publishers VALUES('P03','Schadenfreude Press','Hamburg',NULL,'Germany');
INSERT INTO publishers VALUES('P04','Tenterhooks Press','Berkeley','CA','USA');

这对我来说很难：

Answer 1

让我们一步一步地来做。在离散的步骤中处理一项任务通常更容易。根据您尝试过的内容，很明显您正在为一些基本概念而苦苦挣扎。我希望这能帮助你学习这些概念。

-- 1) First you know you are looking for authors, so select all the authors
SELECT a.au_id
  FROM authors a

-- 2) Build up all of your table joins since we know we will need data from all these tables
-- the author_titles maps authors to titles, and titles map to royalties.  Use the foreign keys provided
SELECT a.au_id
  FROM authors a
 INNER JOIN author_titles at ON a.au_id = at.au_id
 INNER JOIN titles t         ON at.title_id = t.title_id
 INNER JOIN royalties r      ON t.title_id = r.title_id

-- 3) Figure out the formula for an author's compensation
-- 3a) Notice that the royalties table has NULLs for advance and royalty_rate.  Convert these to 0
-- 3b) Notice that the titles table has NULLs for price and sales.  Convert these to 0
SELECT a.au_id
       ,total_compensation = (at.royalty_share * NVL(r.advance, 0)) + (at.royalty_share * NVL(r.royalty_rate,0) * NVL((t.price * t.sales),0))
  FROM authors a
 INNER JOIN author_titles at ON a.au_id = at.au_id
 INNER JOIN titles t         ON at.title_id = t.title_id
 INNER JOIN royalties r      ON t.title_id = r.title_id

-- 4) Summarize the compensation for each author by adding the group by author id
SELECT a.au_id
       ,total_compensation = SUM((at.royalty_share * NVL(r.advance, 0)) + (at.royalty_share * NVL(r.royalty_rate,0) * NVL((t.price * t.sales),0)))
  FROM authors a
 INNER JOIN author_titles at ON a.au_id = at.au_id
 INNER JOIN titles t         ON at.title_id = t.title_id
 INNER JOIN royalties r      ON t.title_id = r.title_id
GROUP BY a.au_id

-- 5) Find the the highest compensation.  It is the MAX of the previous query
SELECT highest_compensation = MAX(s.total_compensation)
  FROM
    (SELECT a.au_id
           ,total_compensation = SUM((at.royalty_share * NVL(r.advance, 0)) + (at.royalty_share * NVL(r.royalty_rate,0) * NVL((t.price * t.sales),0)))
      FROM authors a
     INNER JOIN author_titles at ON a.au_id = at.au_id
     INNER JOIN titles t         ON at.title_id = t.title_id
     INNER JOIN royalties r      ON t.title_id = r.title_id
     GROUP BY a.au_id) s

-- 6) Find the author(s) that match the highest compensation by combining 4) and 5)
SELECT t1.au_id
  FROM
    (SELECT a.au_id
           ,total_compensation = SUM((at.royalty_share * NVL(r.advance, 0)) + (at.royalty_share * NVL(r.royalty_rate,0) * NVL((t.price * t.sales),0)))
      FROM authors a
     INNER JOIN author_titles at ON a.au_id = at.au_id
     INNER JOIN titles t         ON at.title_id = t.title_id
     INNER JOIN royalties r      ON t.title_id = r.title_id
     GROUP BY a.au_id) t1
WHERE t1.total_compensation =
    (SELECT highest_compensation = MAX(s.total_compensation)
      FROM
        (SELECT a.au_id
               ,total_compensation = SUM((at.royalty_share * NVL(r.advance, 0)) + (at.royalty_share * NVL(r.royalty_rate,0) * NVL((t.price * t.sales),0)))
          FROM authors a
         INNER JOIN author_titles at ON a.au_id = at.au_id
         INNER JOIN titles t         ON at.title_id = t.title_id
         INNER JOIN royalties r      ON t.title_id = r.title_id
         GROUP BY a.au_id) s)