为numpy安装lapack

Question

从源代码运行Ubuntu11.10+ python2.7...built numpy并安装它，但是当我去安装它时，我得到

ImportError: /usr/lib/liblapack.so.3gf: undefined symbol: ATL_chemv

当它尝试从numpy.linalg导入lapack_lite时。我试着从头开始重建lapack，但它似乎只是

/usr/local/lib/libblas.a
/usr/local/lib/liblapack.a
/usr/local/lib/libtmglib.a

和.so文件。.so.3gf从何而来，我如何修复它？

Answer 1

我也遇到了同样的问题，删除了libopenblas-base包就解决了这个问题：

sudo apt-get remove libopenblas-base

正如其他人所解释的，有几个包提供了liblapack.so.3gf的不兼容版本。

Answer 2

根据我在周围看到的一些bugreport，您可能安装了多个BLAS/ ATLAS /LAPACK提供商，比如ATLAS和OpenBLAS/GotoBLAS，它们彼此冲突。看看这个：

$ ls -l /etc/alternatives/*.so.3gf

并检查它们是否都对应于相同的包(例如，它们都指向/usr/lib/atlas-base/)

Answer 3

如果您安装了libopenblas-base和libatlas3-base，但没有安装liblapack3，则会出现此问题。此软件包组合将安装冲突版本的libblas.so (来自OpenBLAS)和liblapack.so (来自ATLAS)。

解决方案1(我最喜欢的)：如果你还安装了liblapack3，你可以在你的机器上同时保留OpenBLAS和ATLAS。

sudo apt-get install liblapack3

解决方案2:卸载ATLAS (这实际上会自动为您安装liblapack3，因为有一些deb包的恶作剧)

sudo apt-get uninstall libatlas3-base

解决方案3:卸载OpenBLAS

sudo apt-get uninstall libopenblas-base

错误的配置

$ dpkg -l | grep 'openblas\|atlas\|lapack'
ii  libatlas3-base                                        3.10.1-4                                            amd64        Automatically Tuned Linear Algebra Software, generic shared
ii  libopenblas-base                                      0.2.8-6ubuntu1                                      amd64        Optimized BLAS (linear algebra) library based on GotoBLAS2
$ update-alternatives --get-selections | grep 'blas\|lapack'
libblas.so.3                   auto     /usr/lib/openblas-base/libblas.so.3
liblapack.so.3                 auto     /usr/lib/atlas-base/atlas/liblapack.so.3
$ python -c 'import numpy'
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/__init__.py", line 153, in <module>
    from . import add_newdocs
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/add_newdocs.py", line 13, in <module>
    from numpy.lib import add_newdoc
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/lib/__init__.py", line 18, in <module>
    from .polynomial import *
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/lib/polynomial.py", line 19, in <module>
    from numpy.linalg import eigvals, lstsq, inv
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/linalg/__init__.py", line 50, in <module>
    from .linalg import *
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/linalg/linalg.py", line 29, in <module>
    from numpy.linalg import lapack_lite, _umath_linalg
ImportError: /usr/lib/liblapack.so.3: undefined symbol: ATL_chemv

解决方案1

$ dpkg -l | grep 'openblas\|atlas\|lapack'
ii  libatlas3-base                                        3.10.1-4                                            amd64        Automatically Tuned Linear Algebra Software, generic shared
ii  liblapack3                                            3.5.0-2ubuntu1                                      amd64        Library of linear algebra routines 3 - shared version
ii  libopenblas-base                                      0.2.8-6ubuntu1                                      amd64        Optimized BLAS (linear algebra) library based on GotoBLAS2
$ update-alternatives --get-selections | grep 'blas\|lapack'
libblas.so.3                   auto     /usr/lib/openblas-base/libblas.so.3
liblapack.so.3                 auto     /usr/lib/lapack/liblapack.so.3
$ python -c 'import numpy'

解决方案2

$ dpkg -l | grep 'openblas\|atlas\|lapack'
ii  liblapack3                                            3.5.0-2ubuntu1                                      amd64        Library of linear algebra routines 3 - shared version
ii  libopenblas-base                                      0.2.8-6ubuntu1                                      amd64        Optimized BLAS (linear algebra) library based on GotoBLAS2
$ update-alternatives --get-selections | grep 'blas\|lapack'
libblas.so.3                   auto     /usr/lib/openblas-base/libblas.so.3
liblapack.so.3                 auto     /usr/lib/lapack/liblapack.so.3
$ python -c 'import numpy'

解决方案3

$ dpkg -l | grep 'openblas\|atlas\|lapack'
ii  libatlas3-base                                        3.10.1-4                                            amd64        Automatically Tuned Linear Algebra Software, generic shared
$ update-alternatives --get-selections | grep 'blas\|lapack'
libblas.so.3                   auto     /usr/lib/atlas-base/atlas/libblas.so.3
liblapack.so.3                 auto     /usr/lib/atlas-base/atlas/liblapack.so.3
$ python -c 'import numpy'