blocks|key|404854|text|GCC提供了许多作为编译器扩展的功能，我最不关心的和我经常使用的是：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|404855|404856|404857|在GCC的网站上有更多的文档。|404858|警告：但是，使用任何形式的编译器扩展都会使您的代码在其他编译器之间不可移植，因此使用它们是有风险的。|offset|length|style|BOLD|404859|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0|0|3|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|C|3|-4|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|R|8|@$H|S|I|T|J|K]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|L|3|-4|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|M|$]]

GCC provides many features as compiler extensions, off the top of mind and frequently used by me are:

<a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Statement-Exprs.html#Statement-Exprs" rel="nofollow">Statement Expressions</a> 
<a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Designated-Inits.html#Designated-Inits" rel="nofollow">Designated Initializers</a> 

There are many more documented on the GCC website <a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/C-Extensions.html" rel="nofollow">here</a>. 

Caveat:
However, using any form of compiler extensions renders your code non-portable across other compilers so do use them at that risk.

blocks|key|346305|text|如果您想要了解gcc+extensions有多有用，那么GCC+hacks+in+the+Linux+kernel是一个有趣的选择，因为如果它在Linux内核中使用，那么这可能是一个很好的迹象，表明它具有一些现实世界的影响。如前所述，使用扩展确实会使您的代码不可移植，但clang+does+make+an+effort+to+support+gcc+extensions可能会减轻一些影响。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|346306|一个没有涉及但在Linux内核中被大量使用的扩展是statement+expressions，也请参见Are+compund+statements+(blocks)+surrounded+by+parens+expressions+in+ANSI+C?。|346307|本文介绍了以下功能：|346308|使用typeof|346309|Range扩展的|unordered-list-item|346310|类型发现(包括Case+Ranges和__builtin_prefetch|346311|Variable+attributes|346312|+)是灵活的数组成员，但具有一些使用__builtin_return_addres|346313|
|346314|Constant检测的__builtin_constant_p|346315|346316|Function+Attributes调用地址使用__builtin_expect+|346317|346318|Pre-fetching使用__builtin_prefetch|346319|346320|Variable+attributes|346321|
的|346322|分支预测提示|346323|346324|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/C-Extensions.html|1|http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/l-gcc-hacks/|2|http://clang.llvm.org/docs/LanguageExtensions.html#introduction|3|http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Statement-Exprs.html#Statement-Exprs|4|https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1238016/are-compund-statements-blocks-surrounded-by-parens-expressions-in-ansi-c/18885626#18885626|5|http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Typeof.html#Typeof|6|http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Case-Ranges.html#Case-Ranges|7|http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Other-Builtins.html#Other-Builtins|8|http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Variable-Attributes.html#Variable-Attributes|9|http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Return-Address.html#Return-Address|10|11|http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Function-Attributes.html#Function-Attributes|12|13|14^0|7|E|0|S|T|1|3R|1F|2|0|P|L|3|1F|23|4|0|0|2|6|5|0|0|7|B|6|J|I|7|0|0|J|8|0|I|N|9|0|0|B|K|A|0|0|0|J|B|P|H|C|0|0|E|I|D|0|0|0|J|E|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|26|8|@]|9|@$A|27|B|28|1|29]|$A|2A|B|2B|1|2C]|$A|2D|B|2E|1|2F]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|2G|8|@]|9|@$A|2H|B|2I|1|2J]|$A|2K|B|2L|1|2M]]|C|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|2N|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|2O|8|@]|9|@$A|2P|B|2Q|1|2R]]|C|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|L|7|2S|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|L|7|2T|8|@]|9|@$A|2U|B|2V|1|2W]|$A|2X|B|2Y|1|2Z]]|C|$]]|$1|O|3|P|5|L|7|30|8|@]|9|@$A|31|B|32|1|33]]|C|$]]|$1|Q|3|R|5|6|7|34|8|@]|9|@$A|35|B|36|1|37]]|C|$]]|$1|S|3|T|5|6|7|38|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|U|3|V|5|L|7|39|8|@]|9|@$A|3A|B|3B|1|3C]]|C|$]]|$1|W|3|T|5|6|7|3D|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|X|3|Y|5|L|7|3E|8|@]|9|@$A|3F|B|3G|1|3H]|$A|3I|B|3J|1|3K]]|C|$]]|$1|Z|3|T|5|6|7|3L|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|10|3|11|5|L|7|3M|8|@]|9|@$A|3N|B|3O|1|3P]]|C|$]]|$1|12|3|T|5|6|7|3Q|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|13|3|14|5|L|7|3R|8|@]|9|@$A|3S|B|3T|1|3U]]|C|$]]|$1|15|3|16|5|6|7|3V|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|17|3|18|5|L|7|3W|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|19|3|-4|5|6|7|3X|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|1A|3|-4|5|6|7|3Y|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|1B|$1C|$5|1D|1E|1F|C|$1G|1H]]|1I|$5|1D|1E|1F|C|$1G|1J]]|1K|$5|1D|1E|1F|C|$1G|1L]]|1M|$5|1D|1E|1F|C|$1G|1N]]|1O|$5|1D|1E|1F|C|$1G|1P]]|1Q|$5|1D|1E|1F|C|$1G|1R]]|1S|$5|1D|1E|1F|C|$1G|1T]]|1U|$5|1D|1E|1F|C|$1G|1V]]|1W|$5|1D|1E|1F|C|$1G|1X]]|1Y|$5|1D|1E|1F|C|$1G|1Z]]|20|$5|1D|1E|1F|C|$1G|1V]]|21|$5|1D|1E|1F|C|$1G|22]]|23|$5|1D|1E|1F|C|$1G|1V]]|24|$5|1D|1E|1F|C|$1G|1V]]|25|$5|1D|1E|1F|C|$1G|1X]]]]

If you want real-life examples of how useful <a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/C-Extensions.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">gcc extensions</a> can be then <a href="http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/l-gcc-hacks/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">GCC hacks in the Linux kernel</a> is an interesting choice since if it is being used in the Linux kernel then it is probably a good indication it has some real-world impact. As noted before, using extensions does make your code non-portable but <a href="http://clang.llvm.org/docs/LanguageExtensions.html#introduction" rel="nofollow noreferrer">clang does make an effort to support gcc extensions</a> which may mitigate some of the impact.

One extensions that is not covered but is used a lot in the Linux kernel is <a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Statement-Exprs.html#Statement-Exprs" rel="nofollow noreferrer">statement expressions</a>, also see <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1238016/are-compund-statements-blocks-surrounded-by-parens-expressions-in-ansi-c/18885626#18885626">Are compund statements (blocks) surrounded by parens expressions in ANSI C?</a>.

The article covers the following features:

<ul>
<li>Type discovery using <a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Typeof.html#Typeof" rel="nofollow noreferrer">typeof</a></li>
<li>Range extension which includes both <a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Case-Ranges.html#Case-Ranges" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Case Ranges</a> and <a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Designated-Inits.html#Designated-Inits" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Designated Initializers</a></li>
<li><a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Zero-Length.html#Zero-Length" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Zero-length arrays</a> are flexible array members but with some additions</li>
<li>Determining call address using <a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Return-Address.html#Return-Address" rel="nofollow noreferrer">__builtin_return_addres</a></li>
<li>Constant detection using <a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Other-Builtins.html#Other-Builtins" rel="nofollow noreferrer">__builtin_constant_p</a></li>
<li><a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Function-Attributes.html#Function-Attributes" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Function Attributes</a> </li>
<li>Branch prediction hints using <a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Other-Builtins.html#Other-Builtins" rel="nofollow noreferrer">__builtin_expect </a></li>
<li>Pre-fetching using <a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Other-Builtins.html#Other-Builtins" rel="nofollow noreferrer">__builtin_prefetch</a></li>
<li><a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Variable-Attributes.html#Variable-Attributes" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Variable attributes</a></li>
</ul>

blocks|key|406174|text|我最近偶然发现了很多对模拟新的C11标准非常有帮助的代码。实际上，许多新功能已经存在，但使用了不同的语法。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|406175|将本地attributes|406176|thread属性的通用编程对齐到functions|unordered-list-item|406177|
|406178|atomic操作(通过其通用builtins)|406179|406180|type+|406181|+__sync_...+|offset|length|style|CODE|406182|406183|406184|我已经写了其中的一些，以及如何在我的blog中将其与C11接口一起使用。|406185|有两个功能在C11的功能中没有涉及，它们非常好，我非常希望在该标准的未来版本中看到它们|406186|406187|语句表达式(+Als)|406188|__typeof__|406189|已经提到|406190|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://gustedt.wordpress.com/^0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|1|A|0|0|0|I|4|0|0|0|0|0|0|A|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|1E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|1F|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|1G|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|1H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|F|7|1I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|H|5|6|7|1J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|L|3|M|5|F|7|1K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|N|3|O|5|F|7|1L|8|@$P|1M|Q|1N|R|S]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|T|3|-4|5|6|7|1O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|U|3|-4|5|6|7|1P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|V|3|W|5|6|7|1Q|8|@]|9|@$P|1R|Q|1S|1|1T]]|A|$]]|$1|X|3|Y|5|6|7|1U|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|Z|3|-4|5|6|7|1V|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|10|3|11|5|F|7|1W|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|12|3|13|5|F|7|1X|8|@$P|1Y|Q|1Z|R|S]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|14|3|15|5|6|7|20|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|16|3|-4|5|6|7|21|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|17|$18|$5|19|1A|1B|A|$1C|1D]]]]

I recently stumbled over quite a lot of them that are really helpful to emulate the new C11 standard. Actually many of the new features are already there, but with different syntax.

<ul>
<li>alignment attributes</li>
<li>thread local variables</li>
<li>noreturn attribute to functions</li>
<li>atomic operations (through their <code>__sync_...</code> builtins)</li>
<li>type generic programming</li>
</ul>

I've written some of that and how to use that with the C11 interfaces in my <a href="http://gustedt.wordpress.com" rel="nofollow">blog</a>.

Two features that are not covered in functionality by C11 that are really nice, and that I'd very much like to see in future versions of the standard

<ul>
<li>statement expressions (already mentioned by Als)</li>
<li><code>__typeof__</code></li>
</ul>

I've heard of a lot of cool GCC extensions and built-in functions over the years, but I always wind up forgetting about them before thinking of using them.

What are some cool GCC extensions and built-ins, and some real-life examples of how to put them to use?

Cool GCC built-ins

翻译质量差，导致语言生硬或混乱。

没有提供实际的解决方法或示例。

解答不清晰，无法理解或解决问题。

页面排版不美观，阅读体验差。

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多年来，我听说过很多很酷的GCC扩展和内置函数，但我总是在考虑使用它们之前忘记它们。有哪些很酷的GCC扩展和内置，以及一些如何使用它们的真实示例？

问酷炫的GCC内置
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