我刚接触数据库,不知道这是不是实现我想要的目标的最佳方式。我想创建一个我周围的餐馆的自定义列表,然后搜索它们,并根据排名、标题或位置对它们进行排序。
我需要为此创建一个数据库吗?从技术上讲,我可以使用文本文件和数组,但我觉得这样效率很低。我需要一个节点来包含以下数据:机构名称,地址,电话号码,排名(基于我们的排名系统)。
我该怎么做呢?
发布于 2011-12-16 03:57:41
是的,您肯定想要使用数据库。如果使用电话本地数据库,则需要使用SQLite数据库。Here是一个很好的起点。
如果您希望在手机中预装数据库,请将其放入您的assets文件夹中。下面是一个数据库助手类的示例,其中包含随手机打包的数据库:
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.text.DateFormat;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Vector;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.content.Context;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.SQLException;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteException;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper;
import android.util.Log;
public class DataBaseHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper{
private static final String TAG = "DataBaseHelper";
//The Androids default system path of your application database.
private static String DB_PATH = "/data/data/yourpackage/databases/";
private static String DB_NAME = "DatabaseName";
public SQLiteDatabase myDataBase;
private final Context myContext;
/**
* Constructor
* Takes and keeps a reference of the passed context in order to access to the application assets and resources.
* @param context
*/
public DataBaseHelper(Context context) {
super(context, DB_NAME, null, 1);
this.myContext = context;
}
/**
* Creates a empty database on the system and rewrites it with your own database.
* */
public void createDataBase() throws IOException{
boolean dbExist = checkDataBase();
if(dbExist){
//do nothing - database already exist
}else{
//By calling this method and empty database will be created into the default system path
//of your application so we are gonna be able to overwrite that database with our database.
this.getWritableDatabase();
try {
copyDataBase();
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new Error("Error copying database");
}
}
}
/**
* Check if the database already exist to avoid re-copying the file each time you open the application.
* @return true if it exists, false if it doesnt
*/
private boolean checkDataBase(){
SQLiteDatabase checkDB = null;
try{
String myPath = DB_PATH + DB_NAME;
checkDB = SQLiteDatabase.openDatabase(myPath, null, SQLiteDatabase.OPEN_READWRITE);
}catch(SQLiteException e){
//database doest exist yet.
}
if(checkDB != null){
checkDB.close();
}
return checkDB != null ? true : false;
}
/**
* Copies your database from your local assets-folder to the just created empty database in the
* system folder, from where it can be accessed and handled.
* This is done by transfering bytestream.
* */
private void copyDataBase() throws IOException{
//Open your local db as the input stream
InputStream myInput = myContext.getAssets().open(DB_NAME);
Log.d(TAG, "found the database");
// Path to the just created empty db
String outFileName = DB_PATH + DB_NAME;
//Open the empty db as the output stream
OutputStream myOutput = new FileOutputStream(outFileName);
//transfer bytes from the inputfile to the outputfile
byte[] buffer = new byte[2048];
int length;
while ((length = myInput.read(buffer))>0){
myOutput.write(buffer, 0, length);
}
//Close the streams
myOutput.flush();
myOutput.close();
myInput.close();
}
public void openDataBase() throws SQLException{
//Open the database
String myPath = DB_PATH + DB_NAME;
myDataBase = SQLiteDatabase.openDatabase(myPath, null, SQLiteDatabase.OPEN_READWRITE);
}
@Override
public synchronized void close() {
if(myDataBase != null)
myDataBase.close();
super.close();
}
@Override
public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
}
@Override
public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
}
// Add your public helper methods to access and get content from the database.
// You could return cursors by doing "return myDataBase.query(....)" so itd be easy
// to you to create adapters for your views.发布于 2011-12-16 04:13:27
SQLite数据库将是实现应用程序目标的绝佳方法。根据您所说的,一个名为"Restaurants“的表包含5个字段:_id、Name、Address、Phone和Rank。
SQL文档位于以下位置:http://www.sqlite.org/lang.html。您需要熟悉的一些命令是CREATE TABLE、INSERT、UPDATE和SELECT。Sqlite for Android是一个文档齐全的标准,可以在网络上找到。您应该可以毫不费力地找到如何完成任务的示例。
记住关闭您创建的任何数据库对象,否则会造成泄漏。
祝好运!
发布于 2011-12-16 21:14:13
您要做的是创建一个Web服务,它位于Internet上某处的“云”中。然后让您的移动应用程序定期联系web服务并请求餐厅数据,可能是基于用户的当前位置,因此应用程序将gps坐标传递给web服务,Web服务检查其数据库中该位置X距离内的餐厅,然后Web服务以Json或XML等格式将列表返回给应用程序,应用程序解析此信息并将其显示给用户。
理想情况下,你还应该在手机上有一个数据库,将结果存储在设备上,这将减少你必须从服务器提取的请求量,从而节省电池、数据和服务器资源。这变得有点复杂,因为你必须决定智能地请求什么,而服务器必须决定发送给你什么。
Google I/O讨论了如何做到这一点。http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xHXn3Kg2IQE
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8525787
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