从内存地址创建python对象(使用gi.repository)

Question

有时我需要调用一个只存在于C中的gtk/gobject函数，但返回一个具有python包装器的对象。之前我使用了一个基于ctype的解决方案，效果很好：

http://faq.pygtk.org/index.py?req=show&file=faq23.041.htp

现在我从PyGtk ("import gtk")切换到GObject-introspection ("from gi.repository import Gtk")，我可以用什么来代替呢？

Answer 1

_PyGObject_API接口在某一时刻发生了变化。我需要删除register_sinkfunc函数。以下是工作原理：

from gi.repository import Gio, GLib
import gi
import ctypes

class _PyGObject_Functions(ctypes.Structure):
   _fields_ = [
       ('register_class',
        ctypes.PYFUNCTYPE(ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_char_p,
                          ctypes.c_int, ctypes.py_object,
                          ctypes.py_object)),
       ('register_wrapper',
        ctypes.PYFUNCTYPE(ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.py_object)),
       ('lookup_class',
        ctypes.PYFUNCTYPE(ctypes.py_object, ctypes.c_int)),
       ('newgobj',
        ctypes.PYFUNCTYPE(ctypes.py_object, ctypes.c_void_p)),
       ]

class PyGObjectCPAI(object):
   def __init__(self):
       PyCObject_AsVoidPtr = ctypes.pythonapi.PyCObject_AsVoidPtr
       PyCObject_AsVoidPtr.restype = ctypes.c_void_p
       PyCObject_AsVoidPtr.argtypes = [ctypes.py_object]
       addr = PyCObject_AsVoidPtr(ctypes.py_object(
           gi._gobject._PyGObject_API))
       self._api = _PyGObject_Functions.from_address(addr)

   def pygobject_new(self, addr):
       return self._api.newgobj(addr)

capi = PyGObjectCPAI()

要从指针获取对象，请执行以下操作：

obj = capi.pygobject_new(pointer)

要从(G)对象获取指针：

pointer = hash(obj)

我必须补充说，在我的情况下，这并没有帮助我解决我的实际问题。我试图与dconf接口，但dconf返回的值类型为GVariant，它不是从GObject继承的。不幸的是，PyGI/GObject似乎没有公开必要的函数来将C (*GVariant)转换为Python。我猜这是你不得不抛弃最初的方法，尝试一些不同的东西的时候。

Answer 2

jdm's answer中的代码与Python3不兼容。由于CObject在Python2.7和3.1中是deprecated，并从3.2开始删除，因此我调整了代码以使用Capsule ( 2.7和3.1版本中的available)：

import ctypes, gi

class _PyGObject_Functions(ctypes.Structure):
    _fields_ = [
        ('register_class',
            ctypes.PYFUNCTYPE(ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_char_p,
                ctypes.c_int, ctypes.py_object, ctypes.py_object)),
        ('register_wrapper',
            ctypes.PYFUNCTYPE(ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.py_object)),
        ('lookup_class',
            ctypes.PYFUNCTYPE(ctypes.py_object, ctypes.c_int)),
        ('newgobj',
            ctypes.PYFUNCTYPE(ctypes.py_object, ctypes.c_void_p)),
        ]

class PyGObjectCAPI(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self._as_void_ptr.restype = ctypes.c_void_p
        self._as_void_ptr.argtypes = [ctypes.py_object]
        addr = self._as_void_ptr(ctypes.py_object(
            gi._gobject._PyGObject_API))
        self._api = _PyGObject_Functions.from_address(addr)

    @staticmethod
    def _as_void_ptr(obj):
        name = ctypes.pythonapi.PyCapsule_GetName(obj)
        return ctypes.pythonapi.PyCapsule_GetPointer(obj, name)

    def pygobject_new(self, addr):
        return self._api.newgobj(addr)

capi = PyGObjectCAPI()

(我还将其重命名为PyGobjectCAPI --不确定CPAI是否代表什么，但这样对我来说更有意义。)

Answer 3

自AlliedEnvy update以来PyGOject api已更改

import gi
import ctypes
from ctypes import pythonapi

class _PyGObject_Functions(ctypes.Structure):
    _fields_ = [
        ('pygobject_register_class',
            ctypes.PYFUNCTYPE(ctypes.c_void_p)),
        ('pygobject_register_wrapper',
            ctypes.PYFUNCTYPE(ctypes.c_void_p)),
        ('pygobject_lookup_class',
            ctypes.PYFUNCTYPE(ctypes.c_void_p)),
        ('pygobject_new',
            ctypes.PYFUNCTYPE(ctypes.py_object, ctypes.c_void_p)),
        ]

  class PyGObjectCAPI(object):
    def __init__(self):
        addr = self._as_void_ptr(gi._gobject._PyGObject_API)
        self._api = _PyGObject_Functions.from_address(addr)

    @classmethod
    def _capsule_name(cls, capsule):
        pythonapi.PyCapsule_GetName.restype = ctypes.c_char_p
        pythonapi.PyCapsule_GetName.argtypes = [ctypes.py_object]
        return pythonapi.PyCapsule_GetName(capsule)

    @classmethod
    def _as_void_ptr(cls, capsule):
        name = cls._capsule_name(capsule)
        pythonapi.PyCapsule_GetPointer.restype = ctypes.c_void_p
        pythonapi.PyCapsule_GetPointer.argtypes = [
            ctypes.py_object, ctypes.c_char_p]
        return pythonapi.PyCapsule_GetPointer(capsule, name)

    def to_object(self, addr):
        return self._api.pygobject_new(addr)

capi = PyGObjectCAPI()