c++ win32动态菜单-选择了哪个菜单项

Question

我有一个win32应用程序(c++)，它的上下文菜单绑定到右键单击notify图标。菜单/子菜单项是在运行时动态创建和更改的。

 InsertMenu(hSettings, 0, MF_BYPOSITION | MF_POPUP | MF_STRING, (UINT_PTR) hDevices, L"Setting 1");
 InsertMenu(hSettings, 1, MF_BYPOSITION | MF_POPUP | MF_STRING, (UINT_PTR) hChannels, L"Setting 2");

 InsertMenu(hMainMenu, 0, MF_BYPOSITION | MF_POPUP | MF_STRING, (UINT_PTR) hSettings, L"Settings");
 InsertMenu(hMainMenu, 1, MF_BYPOSITION | MF_STRING, IDM_EXIT, L"Exit"); 

在上面的代码中，hDevices和hChannels是动态生成的子菜单。动态菜单的生成方式如下：

   InsertMenu(hDevices, i, style, IDM_DEVICE, L"Test 1");
   InsertMenu(hDevices, i, style, IDM_DEVICE, L"Test 2");
   InsertMenu(hDevices, i, style, IDM_DEVICE, L"Test 3");

有没有办法知道哪个菜单项被点击了，而不必定义每个子菜单项自己的ID (上面代码中的IDM_DEVICE)？在想要检测到用户点击了子菜单IDM_DEVICE，并且他点击了该子菜单中的第一项(测试1)。

我想要达到这样的效果：

  case WM_COMMAND:
    wmId    = LOWORD(wParam);
    wmEvent = HIWORD(wParam);
    // Parse the menu selections:
    switch (wmId)
    {
        case IDM_DEVICE: // user clicked on Test 1 or Test 2 or Test 3 
            UINT index = getClickedMenuItem(); // get the index number of the clicked item (if you clicked on Test 1 it would be 0,..) 
                            // change the style of the menu item with that index 
            break;          
    }

Answer 1

尝试以下操作：

MENUINFO mi;
memset(&mi, 0, sizeof(mi));
mi.cbSize = sizeof(mi);
mi.fMask = MIM_STYLE;
mi.dwStyle = MNS_NOTIFYBYPOS;
SetMenuInfo(hDevices, &mi);

现在，您将获得WM_MENUCOMMAND而不是WM_COMMAND。菜单索引在wParam中，菜单句柄在lParam中。注意，只处理已知菜单的消息，并将其余的消息传递给DefWindowProc。代码将与以下代码类似：

case WM_MENUCOMMAND:
    HMENU menu = (HMENU)lParam;
    int idx = wParam;
    if (menu == hDevices)
    {
       //Do useful things with device #idx
    }
    else
        break; //Ensure that after that there is a DefWindowProc call

Answer 2

还可以使用带有TPM_RETURNCMD | TPM_NONOTIFY标志的TrackPopupMenuEx()，并获得所选菜单项的id，而不必通过WM_MENUCOMMAND。