Linux Red Hat 5.6和VNC: KDE和Gnome

Question

我正在使用Red Hat 5.6，并且已经为我的Unix用户配置了VNC，没有任何问题。我可以登录它，它默认是Gnome。KDE安装在机器上，我想使用它。下面是我的~/.vnc/xstartup文件。

我尝试将下面的twm替换为"startkde &“，但不起作用。Gnome似乎是默认的桌面，尽管twm显示在下面，而且即使我更改了它，它也不能工作。即使没有列出桌面，Gnome仍会启动。

有谁知道为什么会发生这种情况，以及我如何启动其他桌面？

#!/bin/sh

# Uncomment the following two lines for normal desktop:
unset SESSION_MANAGER
vncconfig -nowin &
exec /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc

[ -x /etc/vnc/xstartup ] && exec /etc/vnc/xstartup
[ -r $HOME/.Xresources ] && xrdb $HOME/.Xresources
xsetroot -solid grey
vncconfig -iconic &
xterm -geometry 80x24+10+10 -ls -title "$VNCDESKTOP Desktop" &
twm &

Answer 1

脚本永远不会到达底部，因为' exec‘会导致当前进程被exec的目标所替换，在本例中是脚本/etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc，它是/etc/X11/Xsession脚本的来源，该脚本反过来执行/etc/X11/Xsession.d的运行部分，并调用默认的x-session-manager，即gnome-session。

Answer 2

只需记录一个如何启动KDE (适用于Centos7)的示例，请参见以下内容：

#!/bin/sh

[ -r /etc/sysconfig/i18n ] && . /etc/sysconfig/i18n
export LANG
export SYSFONT
vncconfig -iconic &
unset SESSION_MANAGER
unset DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS

DSKTPSTARTKDE="$(type -p startkde)"

  # KDE.
  echo "KDE session"

  exec "$DSKTPSTARTKDE"

下面是在Centos7上启动KDE、MATE或Gnome的更复杂的原件。

#!/bin/sh

[ -r /etc/sysconfig/i18n ] && . /etc/sysconfig/i18n
export LANG
export SYSFONT
vncconfig -iconic &
unset SESSION_MANAGER
unset DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS
OS=`uname -s`
if [ $OS = 'Linux' ]; then
  case "$WINDOWMANAGER" in
    *gnome*)
      if [ -e /etc/SuSE-release ]; then
        PATH=$PATH:/opt/gnome/bin
        export PATH
      fi
      ;;
  esac
fi

## select a desktop preference MATE, KDE, DEFAULT.
# comment out mate to get kde, etc. If not there then will try the next.
#DSKTPMSESSION="$(type -p mate-session)"
DSKTPSTARTKDE="$(type -p startkde)"**
#DSKTPGSESSION="$(type -p gnome-session)"

if [ -n "$DSKTPMSESSION" ]; then
  # if MATE run that.
  echo "MATE session"
  # Start up the standard mate desktop

  exec "$DSKTPMSESSION"

  [ -x /etc/vnc/xstartup ] && exec /etc/vnc/xstartup
  [ -r $HOME/.Xresources ] && xrdb $HOME/.Xresources
  x-window-manager &

elif [ -n "$DSKTPSTARTKDE" ]; then
  # if MATE isn't installed, try KDE.
  echo "KDE session"
  unset SESSION_MANAGER
  unset DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS

  exec "$DSKTPSTARTKDE"

elif [ -n "$DSKTPGSESSION" ]; then
  ################################ !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! doesn't work
  # echo "DESKTOP=KDE" > /etc/sysconfig/desktop
  # KDE default on montpelier tricky to get back to gnome-classic
  # if MATE and KDE isn't installed, try Gnome3 or 2.
  echo "Gnome session"
  unset SESSION_MANAGER
  unset DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS
  export GNOME_SHELL_SESSION_MODE=classic

  if [ -x /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc ]; then
    exec /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc
  fi
  if [ -f /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc ]; then
    exec sh /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc
  fi
  [ -r $HOME/.Xresources ] && xrdb $HOME/.Xresources
  xset r off # switch off key repeat 
  xsetroot -solid grey
  xterm -geometry 80x24+10+10 -ls -title "$VNCDESKTOP Desktop" &
  exec "$DSKTPGSESSION"
  # below didn't work
  # exec "$DSKTPGSESSION --session=gnome-classic"
  
  ################ Still shows KDE on montpelier drat!!!!!!!!
  
else
  ## else is go with whatever is the standard probably GNOME3 on centos7
  ## echo "DESKTOP=KDE" > /etc/sysconfig/desktop ;# can switch the default
  echo "DEFAULT session"

  if [ -x /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc ]; then
    exec /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc
  fi
  if [ -f /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc ]; then
    exec sh /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc
  fi
  [ -r $HOME/.Xresources ] && xrdb $HOME/.Xresources
  xset r off # switch off key repeat 
  xsetroot -solid grey
  xterm -geometry 80x24+10+10 -ls -title "$VNCDESKTOP Desktop" &
  twm &
fi