blocks|key|1700614|text|我假设您指的是Meszaros引入的术语。Martin+Fowler也会定期使用mentions+them。我认为他在那篇文章中很好地解释了其中的区别。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|1700615|然而，我将用我自己的话再试一次:)|1700616|假的比存根更接近真实世界的实现。存根包含对预期请求的基本硬编码响应；它们通常用于单元测试，但它们不能处理除预编程之外的输入。|1700617|Fakes有一个更真实的实现，比如可以保留的某种状态。它们对系统测试和单元测试都很有用，但由于某些限制或质量要求，它们不适合用于生产。|1700618|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://martinfowler.com/articles/mocksArentStubs.html^0|14|D|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|R|8|@]|9|@$A|S|B|T|1|U]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|V|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|X|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|J|3|-4|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|K|$L|$5|M|N|O|C|$P|Q]]]]

I assume you are referring to the terminology as introduced by Meszaros. Martin Fowler does also <a href="http://martinfowler.com/articles/mocksArentStubs.html" rel="noreferrer">mentions them</a> regularly. I think he explains the difference pretty well in that article.

Nevertheless, I'll try again in my own words :)

A Fake is closer to a real-world implementation than a stub. Stubs contain basically hard-coded responses to an expected request; they are commonly used in unit tests, but they are incapable of handling input other than what was pre-programmed.

Fakes have a more real implementation, like some kind of state that may be kept for example. They can be useful for system tests as well as for unit testing purposes, but they aren't intended for production use because of some limitation or quality requirement.

blocks|key|1700654|text|伪具有与它所替换的东西相同的行为。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|BOLD|entityRanges|data|1700655|存根有一组特定于您的测试的“固定的”“封装的”响应。|1700656|模拟对所发出的调用有一组期望。如果不能满足这些期望，测试将失败。|1700657|所有这些都是相似的，因为它们取代了在测试中使用的代码的生产合作者。|1700658|entityMap^0|0|1|0|0|2|0|0|2|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|N|8|@$9|O|A|P|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|Q|8|@$9|R|A|S|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|T|8|@$9|U|A|V|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|6|7|W|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|L|3|-4|5|6|7|X|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|M|$]]

A fake has the same behavior as the thing that it replaces.

A stub has a "fixed" set of "canned" responses that are specific to your test(s).

A mock has a set of expectations about calls that are made. If these expectations are not met, the test fails.

All of these are similar in that they replace production collaborators that code under test uses.

blocks|key|3315554|text|这些可能会有所帮助|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|3315555|3315556|http://xunitpatterns.com/Mocks,%2520Fakes,%2520Stubs%2520and%2520Dummies.html|unordered-list-item|offset|length|3315557|http://hamletdarcy.blogspot.com/2007/10/mocks-and-stubs-arent-spies.html|3315558|3315559|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://xunitpatterns.com/Mocks,%2520Fakes,%2520Stubs%2520and%2520Dummies.html|1^0|0|0|0|1X|0|0|0|20|1|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|C|3|D|5|E|7|V|8|@]|9|@$F|W|G|X|1|Y]]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|E|7|Z|8|@]|9|@$F|10|G|11|1|12]]|A|$]]|$1|J|3|-4|5|6|7|13|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|14|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|L|$M|$5|N|O|P|A|$Q|R]]|S|$5|N|O|P|A|$Q|I]]]]

These might help

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xunitpatterns.com/Mocks,%20Fakes,%20Stubs%20and%20Dummies.html" rel="noreferrer">http://xunitpatterns.com/Mocks,%20Fakes,%20Stubs%20and%20Dummies.html</a></li>
<li><a href="http://hamletdarcy.blogspot.com/2007/10/mocks-and-stubs-arent-spies.html" rel="noreferrer">http://hamletdarcy.blogspot.com/2007/10/mocks-and-stubs-arent-spies.html</a></li>
</ul>

blocks|key|82802|text|套用Roy+Osherove在他的书The+Art+of+Unit+Testing+(第二版)中的话：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|82803|伪是用来模仿另一个对象的任何对象。伪装既可以用作存根，也可以用作模拟。|offset|length|style|BOLD|82804|存根是一个假的，它被提供给您正在测试的类以满足它的要求，但是在单元测试中被忽略。|82805|模拟是提供给您正在测试的类的伪a，将作为单元测试的一部分进行检查，以验证功能。|82806|例如，您正在测试的MyClass类可能同时使用本地记录器和第三方web服务作为其操作的一部分。您将创建一个FakeLogger和一个FakeWebService，但是它们的使用方式决定了它们是存根还是模拟。|CODE|82807|FakeLogger可以用作存根：它被提供给MyClass，假装是记录器，但实际上忽略了所有输入，否则只是为了让MyClass正常运行。您实际上不会在单元测试中检查FakeLogger，就您所关心的而言，它会让编译器停止工作。|82808|FakeWebService可以用作模拟：您将其提供给MyClass，然后在您的单元测试之一中调用MyClass.Foo()，后者应该调用第三方web服务。为了验证是否发生了这种情况，您现在检查您的FakeWebService，看看它是否记录了它应该接收的呼叫。|82809|请注意，这两种情况中的任何一种都可以颠倒，并取决于您在特定单元测试中测试的是什么。如果您的单元测试正在测试所记录内容的内容，那么您可以创建一个FakeLogger，它尽职尽责地记录它被告知的所有内容，以便您可以在单元测试期间询问它；这现在是一个模拟。在同一个测试中，您可能不关心何时调用第三方web服务；您的FakeWebService现在是一个存根。因此，如何填充fake的函数取决于它是需要用作存根还是mock，还是两者兼而有之。|82810|总结(直接引用本书)：|82811|82812|假是一个通用术语，可用于描述存根或模拟对象，因为它们看起来都像真实对象。。。。基本的区别是存根不会导致测试失败。Mock可以。|blockquote|82813|82814|82815|剩下的都是实现细节。|82816|entityMap^0|0|0|1|0|0|2|0|0|2|0|9|7|1H|A|1U|E|0|0|A|M|7|1K|7|2A|A|E|2|0|0|E|R|7|1D|D|2R|E|I|2|0|1Z|A|4A|E|0|0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|16|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|17|8|@$D|18|E|19|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|1A|8|@$D|1B|E|1C|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|6|7|1D|8|@$D|1E|E|1F|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|L|3|M|5|6|7|1G|8|@$D|1H|E|1I|F|N]|$D|1J|E|1K|F|N]|$D|1L|E|1M|F|N]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|O|3|P|5|6|7|1N|8|@$D|1O|E|1P|F|N]|$D|1Q|E|1R|F|N]|$D|1S|E|1T|F|N]|$D|1U|E|1V|F|N]|$D|1W|E|1X|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|Q|3|R|5|6|7|1Y|8|@$D|1Z|E|20|F|N]|$D|21|E|22|F|N]|$D|23|E|24|F|N]|$D|25|E|26|F|N]|$D|27|E|28|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|S|3|T|5|6|7|29|8|@$D|2A|E|2B|F|N]|$D|2C|E|2D|F|N]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|U|3|V|5|6|7|2E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|W|3|-4|5|6|7|2F|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|X|3|Y|5|Z|7|2G|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|10|3|-4|5|6|7|2H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|11|3|-4|5|6|7|2I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|12|3|13|5|6|7|2J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|14|3|-4|5|6|7|2K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|15|$]]

To paraphrase Roy Osherove in his book The Art of Unit Testing (second edition):

A Fake is any object made to imitate another object. Fakes can be used either as stubs or mocks. 

A Stub is a fake that is provided to the class you are testing to satisfy its requirements, but is otherwise ignored in the unit test.

A Mock is a fake that is provided to the class you are testing, and will be inspected as part of the unit test to verify functionality.

For example, the <code>MyClass</code> class you are testing may utilize both a local logger and a third-party web service as part of its operation. You would create a <code>FakeLogger</code> and a <code>FakeWebService</code>, but how they are used determines whether they are stubs or mocks.

The <code>FakeLogger</code> might be used as a stub: it is provided to <code>MyClass</code> and pretends to be a logger, but actually ignores all input and is otherwise just there to get <code>MyClass</code> to operate normally. You don't actually check <code>FakeLogger</code> in your unit tests, and as far as you're concerned it's there to make the compiler shut up.

The <code>FakeWebService</code> might be used as a mock: you provide it to <code>MyClass</code>, and in one of your units tests you call <code>MyClass.Foo()</code> which is supposed to call the third party web service. To verify that this happened, you now check your <code>FakeWebService</code> to see if it recorded the call that it was supposed to receive. 

Note that either of these could be reversed and depend on what it is you're testing in a particular unit test. If your unit test is testing the content of what is being logged then you could make a <code>FakeLogger</code> that dutifully records everything it's told so you can interrogate it during the unit test; this is now a mock. In the same test you might not care about when the third-party web service is called; your <code>FakeWebService</code> is now a stub. How you fill in the functions of your fake thus depends on whether it needs to be used as a stub or a mock or both.

In summary (direct quote from the book):

<blockquote>
 A fake is a generic term that can be used to describe either a stub or a mock object because they both look like the real object. . . . The basic difference is that stubs can't fail tests. Mocks can.
</blockquote>

All the rest is implementation details.

There are quite a few written about stub vs mocks, but I can't see the real difference between fake and stub. Can anyone put some light on it?

Testing software: fake vs stub

翻译质量差，导致语言生硬或混乱。

没有提供实际的解决方法或示例。

解答不清晰，无法理解或解决问题。

页面排版不美观，阅读体验差。

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有相当多关于stub和mock的文章，但我看不出fake和stub之间的真正区别。有人能在上面放点光吗？

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