无法在qemu-kvm上安装kvm依赖项

Question

我正在尝试按照步骤here在Debian7.7上设置KVM虚拟化，它运行在Core(TM)i5-4402ECPU@ 1.6 GHz上。

在尝试了apt-get install kvm qemu-kvm libvirt-bin virtinst之后，我得到了

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 qemu-kvm : Conflicts: kvm
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

然后，我逐个尝试安装它们，并成功地安装了除kvm之外的所有其他组件。

执行apt-get install kvm时，我得到以下输出：

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 kvm : Depends: qemu-kvm but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

我已经关注了this线程，但这些建议对我并不起作用。我也试过

apt-get clean apt-get update apt-get upgrade apt-get install -f

但没有成功。

Answer 1

1).Check仓库：

###### Ubuntu Main Repos
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse 
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse 

###### Ubuntu Update Repos
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse 
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse 
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse 
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse 
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse 
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse 
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse 
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse 

2).Remove kvm

apt-get remove --purge libvirt-bin kvm qemu-kvm libvirt-bin virtinst

3).Install

apt-get install kvm qemu-kvm libvirt-bin virtinst

Answer 2

我构建了许多Debian 7 kvm qemu设置，我使用Debian 7只是为了让debian 8稳定下来，尽管很快就会开始使用debian 8。

我认为标准包太过时了，可用的内核太旧了，我发现我收到了很多错误和冻结，为了让它稳定，这里是一个全新的安装。确保您的IOMMU已在bios中启用。请注意，我在AMD 8核心机器上做了这件事。

apt-get build-dep qemu
apt-get build-dep qemu
apt-get install git bc fakeroot kernel-package
apt-get install bc fakeroot kernel-package ca-certificates

获取qemu的最新内核和git

cd /usr/src
wget https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v3.x/linux-3.19.8.tar.gz
tar -xzf linux-3.19.8.tar.gz
git clone git://git.qemu-project.org/qemu.git
cd linux-3.19.8
make oldconfig
make menuconfig

现在启用内核中能使kvm工作得最好的部分

Virtualization
(CONFIG_VIRTUALIZATION=y)
Virtualization > Kernel-based Virtual Machine (KVM) Support
(CONFIG_KVM=y)
Virtualization > KVM for <whichever processor you have>
(CONFIG_KVM_INTEL=y and/or CONFIG_KVM_AMD=y)

您可以编译为模块M

Virtualization > Host kernel accelerator for virtio net
(CONFIG_VHOST_NET=m)
Device Drivers > Virtio drivers > PCI driver for virtio devices
(CONFIG_VIRTIO_PCI=m)
Device Drivers > Virtio drivers > Virtio balloon driver
(CONFIG_VIRTIO_BALLOON=m)

Processor Type and Features > Preemption Model > Preemptible Kernel (Low Latency Desktop)
(CONFIG_PREEMPT=y)
Processor Type and Features > Timer Frequency > 1000 Hz
(CONFIG_HZ_1000=y)

当你做好debian包之后

make-kpkg --initrd --append-to-version=kvm.1 kernel_image kernel_headers
cd ..
dpkg -i linux-headers-3.19.8kvm.1_3.19.8kvm.1-10.00.Custom_amd64.deb linux-image-3.19.8kvm.1_3.19.8kvm.1-10.00.Custom_amd64.deb

然后安装，当然

dpkg -i linux-headers-3.19.8kvm.1_3.19.8kvm.1-10.00.Custom_amd64.deb linux-image-3.19.8kvm.1_3.19.8kvm.1-10.00.Custom_amd64.deb

重新启动并检查您是否在新内核中

uname -r
3.19.8kvm.1

现在让我们加载git部分，让这个节目上路..

git submodule update --init dtc
cd /usr/src/qemu
./configure --enable-kvm && make && make install

和Libvirt然后检查你的dep以防万一

apt-get install libvirt-bin build-dep qemu
/etc/init.d/libvirt-bin restart

确保设置网络设备的网桥

nano /etc/network/interfaces
# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

# The primary network interface
#allow-hotplug eth0
#iface eth0 inet dhcp

##main onboard port0
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet manual

auto br0
#iface br0 inet dhcp
#        bridge_ports eth0
#        bridge_stp off
#        bridge_fd 0
#        bridge_maxwait 0

iface br0 inet static
    address 10.0.0.241
    network 10.0.0.0
    netmask 255.255.255.0
    broadcast 10.0.0.255
    gateway 10.0.0.254
    bridge_ports eth0
    bridge_stp off
    bridge_fd 0
    bridge_maxwait 0


 bridge_stp off # disable Spanning Tree Protocol
 bridge_fd 0 # no forwarding delay

下面是一些可能有帮助的命令

brctl show
brctl showmacs br0

有帮助的事情(请注意，我这样做很可能会遗漏一些东西，比如backports repo

nano /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://http.debian.net/debian wheezy-backports main
apt-get update;apt-get install qemu-guest-agent

我希望这对某些人有帮助。在Debian8中，可以更好地支持更新的内核特性，这些特性支持kvm qemu的最新版本，以便进行更好的优化。

Answer 3

我也有同样的问题。

尝试只安装不打算安装的程序包。它可能会在引用另一个包时出错。尝试手动安装(apt install packageName)，直到您遇到最后一个问题。在我的例子中，它依赖于一个等待安装的包(它是3.2.27-1ubuntu0.16.04.1)来解决这个问题，我修改了存储库列表

vi /etc/apt/sources.list

并添加了所需的一个

deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security main

执行更新

apt update; apt dist-upgrade

现在您可以毫无错误地安装软件包(在您的示例中，apt install qemu-kvm)