AVAssetWriter的灾难

Question

我正在尝试使用AVAssetWriter将CGImages写到一个文件中，以便从图像创建视频。

我已经在模拟器上以三种不同的方式成功地实现了这一点，但在运行iOS 4.3的iPhone 4上，每种方法都失败了。

这一切都与像素缓冲区有关。

我的第一个方法是根据需要创建像素缓冲区，而不使用池。这是可行的，但内存消耗太大，无法在设备上运行。

我的第二个方法是使用推荐的AVAssetWriterInputPixelBufferAdaptor，然后使用CVPixelBufferPoolCreatePixelBuffer从适配器pixelBufferPool中拉取像素缓冲区。

这在模拟器上也有效，但在设备上失败了，因为适配器的像素缓冲池从未分配过。我没有收到错误消息。

最后，我尝试用CVPixelBufferPoolCreate创建自己的像素缓冲池。这在模拟器中也可以工作，但在设备上，一切正常，直到我尝试在像素缓冲区中添加appendPixelBuffer，但每次都失败。

我在网上找到了很少的关于这个的信息。我已经根据我找到的示例编写了代码，但几天来一直没有运气。如果任何人有使用AVAssetWriter成功做到这一点的经验，请看一看，如果你看到任何不合适的地方，请让我知道。

注意:您将看到注释掉的尝试块。

首先，设置

- (BOOL) openVideoFile: (NSString *) path withSize:(CGSize)imageSize {
size = CGSizeMake (480.0, 320.0);//imageSize;

NSError *error = nil;
videoWriter = [[AVAssetWriter alloc] initWithURL:
                              [NSURL fileURLWithPath:path] fileType:AVFileTypeQuickTimeMovie
                                                          error:&error];
if (error != nil)
    return NO;

NSDictionary *videoCleanApertureSettings = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:
                                            [NSNumber numberWithDouble:size.width], AVVideoCleanApertureWidthKey,
                                            [NSNumber numberWithDouble:size.height], AVVideoCleanApertureHeightKey,
                                            [NSNumber numberWithInt:10], AVVideoCleanApertureHorizontalOffsetKey,
                                            [NSNumber numberWithInt:10], AVVideoCleanApertureVerticalOffsetKey,
                                            nil];


NSDictionary *videoAspectRatioSettings = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:
                                          [NSNumber numberWithInt:1], AVVideoPixelAspectRatioHorizontalSpacingKey,
                                          [NSNumber numberWithInt:1],AVVideoPixelAspectRatioVerticalSpacingKey,
                                          nil];



NSDictionary *codecSettings = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:
                               //[NSNumber numberWithInt:960000], AVVideoAverageBitRateKey,
                              // [NSNumber numberWithInt:1],AVVideoMaxKeyFrameIntervalKey,
                               videoCleanApertureSettings, AVVideoCleanApertureKey,
                               videoAspectRatioSettings, AVVideoPixelAspectRatioKey,
                               //AVVideoProfileLevelH264Main31, AVVideoProfileLevelKey,
                               nil];

NSDictionary *videoSettings = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:
                               AVVideoCodecH264, AVVideoCodecKey,
                               codecSettings,AVVideoCompressionPropertiesKey,
                               [NSNumber numberWithDouble:size.width], AVVideoWidthKey,
                               [NSNumber numberWithDouble:size.height], AVVideoHeightKey,
                               nil];
writerInput = [[AVAssetWriterInput
                                    assetWriterInputWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo
                                    outputSettings:videoSettings] retain];
NSMutableDictionary * bufferAttributes = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init];
[bufferAttributes setObject: [NSNumber numberWithInt: kCVPixelFormatType_32ARGB]
                   forKey: (NSString *) kCVPixelBufferPixelFormatTypeKey];
[bufferAttributes setObject: [NSNumber numberWithInt: 480]
                   forKey: (NSString *) kCVPixelBufferWidthKey];
[bufferAttributes setObject: [NSNumber numberWithInt: 320]
                   forKey: (NSString *) kCVPixelBufferHeightKey];


//NSDictionary *bufferAttributes = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys: [NSNumber numberWithInt:kCVPixelFormatType_32ARGB], kCVPixelBufferPixelFormatTypeKey, nil];
//[bufferAttributes setObject: [NSNumber numberWithInt: 640]
//                   forKey: (NSString *) kCVPixelBufferWidthKey];
//[bufferAttributes setObject: [NSNumber numberWithInt: 480]
//                   forKey: (NSString *) kCVPixelBufferHeightKey];
adaptor = [[AVAssetWriterInputPixelBufferAdaptor
            assetWriterInputPixelBufferAdaptorWithAssetWriterInput:writerInput
            sourcePixelBufferAttributes:nil] retain];

//CVPixelBufferPoolCreate (kCFAllocatorSystemDefault,NULL,(CFDictionaryRef)bufferAttributes,&pixelBufferPool);
//Create buffer pool
NSMutableDictionary*     attributes;
attributes = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];

int width = 480;
int height = 320;

[attributes setObject:[NSNumber numberWithInt:kCVPixelFormatType_32ARGB] forKey:(NSString*)kCVPixelBufferPixelFormatTypeKey];
[attributes setObject:[NSNumber numberWithInt:width] forKey: (NSString*)kCVPixelBufferWidthKey];
[attributes setObject:[NSNumber numberWithInt:height] forKey: (NSString*)kCVPixelBufferHeightKey];
CVReturn theError = CVPixelBufferPoolCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, NULL, (CFDictionaryRef) attributes, &pixelBufferPool);                                           


NSParameterAssert(writerInput);
NSParameterAssert([videoWriter canAddInput:writerInput]);
[videoWriter addInput:writerInput];

writerInput.expectsMediaDataInRealTime = YES;

//Start a session:
[videoWriter startWriting];
[videoWriter startSessionAtSourceTime:kCMTimeZero];

buffer = NULL;
lastTime = kCMTimeZero;
presentTime = kCMTimeZero;

return YES;
}

接下来，追加编写器和创建要追加的像素缓冲区的两个方法。

- (void) writeImageToMovie:(CGImageRef)image 
{
    if([writerInput isReadyForMoreMediaData])
    {
//          CMTime frameTime = CMTimeMake(1, 20);
//          CMTime lastTime=CMTimeMake(i, 20); //i is from 0 to 24 of the loop above
//          CMTime presentTime=CMTimeAdd(lastTime, frameTime);

        buffer = [self pixelBufferFromCGImage:image];
        BOOL success = [adaptor appendPixelBuffer:buffer withPresentationTime:presentTime];
        if (!success) NSLog(@"Failed to appendPixelBuffer");
        CVPixelBufferRelease(buffer);

        presentTime = CMTimeAdd(lastTime, CMTimeMake(5, 1000));
        lastTime = presentTime;
    }
    else
    {
        NSLog(@"error - writerInput not ready");
    }
}

- (CVPixelBufferRef)pixelBufferFromCGImage:(CGImageRef)image
{
CVPixelBufferRef pxbuffer;
NSDictionary *options = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:
                         [NSNumber numberWithBool:YES], kCVPixelBufferCGImageCompatibilityKey,
                         [NSNumber numberWithBool:YES], kCVPixelBufferCGBitmapContextCompatibilityKey,
                         nil];
if (pixelBufferPool == NULL) NSLog(@"pixelBufferPool is null!");
CVReturn status = CVPixelBufferPoolCreatePixelBuffer (NULL, pixelBufferPool, &pxbuffer); 
/*if (pxbuffer == NULL) {
    CVReturn status = CVPixelBufferCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, size.width,
                                      size.height, kCVPixelFormatType_32ARGB, (CFDictionaryRef) options, 
                                      &pxbuffer);

}*/
//NSParameterAssert(status == kCVReturnSuccess && pxbuffer != NULL);


CVPixelBufferLockBaseAddress(pxbuffer, 0);
void *pxdata = CVPixelBufferGetBaseAddress(pxbuffer);
//NSParameterAssert(pxdata != NULL);

CGColorSpaceRef rgbColorSpace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB();
CGContextRef context = CGBitmapContextCreate(pxdata, size.width,
                                             size.height, 8, 4*size.width, rgbColorSpace, 
                                             kCGImageAlphaNoneSkipFirst);
//NSParameterAssert(context);
CGContextConcatCTM(context, CGAffineTransformMakeRotation(0));
CGContextDrawImage(context, CGRectMake(90, 10, CGImageGetWidth(image), 
                                       CGImageGetHeight(image)), image);
CGColorSpaceRelease(rgbColorSpace);
CGContextRelease(context);

CVPixelBufferUnlockBaseAddress(pxbuffer, 0);

return pxbuffer;
}

Answer 1

我已经找到了这个问题的解决方案。

如果你想让AVAudioPlayer和AVAssetWriter一起正确运行，你必须有一个“可混合”的音频会话类别。

您可以使用可以混合使用的类别，如AVAudioSessionCategoryAmbient。

但是，我需要使用AVAudioSessionCategoryPlayAndRecord。

您可以通过实现以下代码将任何类别设置为可混合：

OSStatus propertySetError = 0;

UInt32 allowMixing = true;

propertySetError = AudioSessionSetProperty (
                       kAudioSessionProperty_OverrideCategoryMixWithOthers,  // 1
                       sizeof (allowMixing),                                 // 2
                       &allowMixing                                          // 3
                   );

Answer 2

首先，您需要在创建适配器对象时传递一些bufferAttributes：

    NSDictionary *bufferAttributes = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys: [NSNumber numberWithInt:kCVPixelFormatType_32BGRA], kCVPixelBufferPixelFormatTypeKey, nil];

AVAssetWriterInputPixelBufferAdaptor *adaptor = [AVAssetWriterInputPixelBufferAdaptor
                                                 assetWriterInputPixelBufferAdaptorWithAssetWriterInput:_videoWriterInput
                                                 sourcePixelBufferAttributes:bufferAttributes];

然后删除对CVPixelBufferPoolCreate的调用，在适配器对象中已经创建了一个像素缓冲池，所以只需调用以下代码：

                CVPixelBufferRef pixelBuffer = NULL;
            CVPixelBufferPoolCreatePixelBuffer(NULL, adaptor.pixelBufferPool, &pixelBuffer);
            CVPixelBufferLockBaseAddress(pixelBuffer, 0);

            // ...fill the pixelbuffer here

            CVPixelBufferUnlockBaseAddress(pixelBuffer, 0);

            CMTime frameTime = CMTimeMake(frameCount,(int32_t) 30);

            BOOL res = [adaptor appendPixelBuffer:pixelBuffer withPresentationTime:frameTime];
            CVPixelBufferRelease(pixelBuffer);
            CFRelease(sampleBuffer);

我认为这应该可以做到这一点，我在某个时候遇到了类似的错误，我通过创建适配器和像素缓冲区解决了它，如下所示。