如何更改抽奖的格式？

Question

嗨，我有麻烦改变产生的抽奖的格式，因为它看起来像这个水49250097，我试图实现的是像这个水49250097，我没有得到任何抽奖开始与0，例如像蓝色02234773。下面是我的代码

from sqlalchemy import *
import random

engine = create_engine('sqlite:///raffle.db')

metadata = MetaData(bind=engine)

raffles_table = Table('raffles', metadata,
        Column('id', Integer, primary_key=True),
        Column('email', String(40)),
        Column('raffle_color', String(40)),
        Column('raffle_ticket', Integer),
        )

# create tables in database
metadata.create_all(checkfirst=True)

# create a database connection
conn = engine.connect()

def add_raffles():
    email = input("Please enter your email address:")
    num_tickets = int(input("How many tickets do you want:"))

    for i in range(num_tickets):
        ins_raffle = raffles_table.insert()
        colors = ['blue','Pink','Plum','Aqua','Navy','Grey','Rose','Ruby','Teal','Gold','Jade','Lime']
        color = random.choice(colors)
        ticket = random.randrange(10 ** 8)
        new_raffle = ins_raffle.values(email = email, raffle_color = color, raffle_ticket = ticket)
        # add raffle to database by executing SQL
        conn.execute(new_raffle)
        print(color + "   " + str(ticket))

def select_winner():
    winner_query = raffles_table.select().order_by(func.random()).limit(2)
    winner = conn.execute(winner_query)
    for row in winner:
        print("The winner is:" + row['email'])
        print("The winning raffle is:" + row['raffle_color'] +"  " + str(row['raffle_ticket']))

Answer 1

让add_raffles()看起来像这样：

def add_raffles():
    email = input("Please enter your email address:")
    num_tickets = int(input("How many tickets do you want:"))

    for i in range(num_tickets):
        ins_raffle = raffles_table.insert()
        colors = ['blue','Pink','Plum','Aqua','Navy','Grey','Rose','Ruby','Teal','Gold','Jade','Lime']
        color = random.choice(colors)
        ticket = random.randrange(10 ** 8)
        new_raffle = ins_raffle.values(email = email, raffle_color = color, raffle_ticket = ticket) 
        # add raffle to database by executing SQL 
        conn.execute(new_raffle)
        ticket_string = str(ticket).zfill(8)
        print(color + "    " + " ".join((ticket_string[:4], ticket_string[-4:])))

注意，在结尾处添加了ticket_string和更改后的print语句。

Answer 2

您无缘无故地重复定义colors。将它移到脚本的顶部，并将其设置为常量，即

COLORS = "Blue Pink Plum Aqua Navy Grey Rose Ruby Teal Gold Jade Lime".split()

您将独立生成票证；不太可能但有可能生成两次相同的值，并且随着票证数量的增加，概率会增加。如果你生成一万张票，至少有一个重复的概率大约是4%；对于两万张票，它大约是15%；对于十万张票，它超过98%。根据你的使用情况，你可能不会在意，但这是需要牢记的事情(你对获得两个大奖有何感想？)

根据一个人通常购买的门票数量，你可以通过将电子邮件放在一个单独的表格中来节省一些空间。您还可以通过存储单个整数来节省大量空间，

BASE = 10 ** 8
NUM_COLORS = len(COLORS)

ticket = random.randrange(NUM_COLORS * BASE)

并且只是为了显示而拆分，比如

color_index, rem = divmod(ticket, BASE)
color = COLORS[color_index]
num_a, num_b = divmod(rem, 10 ** 4)
print("Your ticket is: {} {:04d} {:04d}".format(color, num_a, num_b))

这给出了如下结果

Your ticket is: Lime 2592 1700
Your ticket is: Navy 0828 6111
Your ticket is: Lime 3741 7599
Your ticket is: Ruby 4017 4645
Your ticket is: Aqua 0556 1852
Your ticket is: Grey 2486 5298
Your ticket is: Gold 0195 8990
Your ticket is: Navy 9287 8727
Your ticket is: Blue 3736 3443
Your ticket is: Lime 9365 1980
Your ticket is: Plum 2247 9671
Your ticket is: Lime 6568 5285
Your ticket is: Pink 7591 3894
Your ticket is: Grey 6839 4780
Your ticket is: Pink 9348 9882
Your ticket is: Plum 3868 6449
Your ticket is: Rose 2588 7999
Your ticket is: Grey 0625 5061
Your ticket is: Rose 2132 8136
Your ticket is: Navy 0526 4325