无法安装mysql2 gem

Question

我无法在我的Windows7 x64系统中安装mysql2 gem。我尝试使用32位和64位两种版本的MySQL服务器，但都没有成功。

我安装了Ruby1.8、开发工具包和Rails平台。我甚至安装了minGW来支持C++/C编译。MySQL服务器安装在默认位置。

运行该命令时：

C:\Users\Arne>gem install mysql2 -- --with-mysql-include="C:\Program Files (x86)\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.1\include" --with-mysql-lib="C:\Program Files (x86)\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.1\lib\"

我从控制台收到以下输出：

Temporarily enhancing PATH to include DevKit...
Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of
necessary libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more
details.  You may need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
        --with-opt-dir
        --without-opt-dir
        --with-opt-include
        --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
        --with-opt-lib
        --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
        --with-make-prog
        --without-make-prog
        --srcdir=.
        --curdir
        --ruby=C:/Ruby/bin/ruby
        --with-mysql-dir
        --without-mysql-dir
        --with-mysql-include=${mysql-dir}/include
        --with-mysql-lib=${mysql-dir}/lib
        --with-libmysqllib
        --without-libmysqllib
ERROR:  Error installing mysql2:
        ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

        C:/Ruby/bin/ruby.exe extconf.rb --with-mysql-include=C:\Program Files (x
86)\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.1\include --with-mysql-lib=C:\Program Files (x86)\MySQL
\MySQL Server 5.1\lib"
checking for rb_thread_blocking_region()... no
checking for main() in -llibmysql... no


Gem files will remain installed in C:/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/mysql2-0.3.2 f
or inspection.
Results logged to C:/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/mysql2-0.3.2/ext/mysql2/gem_mak
e.out

根据Rubygems，我的环境的输出是：

C:\Users\Arne>gem env
RubyGems Environment:
  - RUBYGEMS VERSION: 1.7.2
  - RUBY VERSION: 1.8.7 (2011-02-18 patchlevel 334) [i386-mingw32]
  - INSTALLATION DIRECTORY: C:/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8
  - RUBY EXECUTABLE: C:/Ruby/bin/ruby.exe
  - EXECUTABLE DIRECTORY: C:/Ruby/bin
  - RUBYGEMS PLATFORMS:
    - ruby
    - x86-mingw32
  - GEM PATHS:
     - C:/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8
     - C:/Users/Arne/.gem/ruby/1.8
  - GEM CONFIGURATION:
     - :update_sources => true
     - :verbose => true
     - :benchmark => false
     - :backtrace => false
     - :bulk_threshold => 1000
  - REMOTE SOURCES:
     - http://rubygems.org/

系统上还安装了以下gem：

C:\Users\Arne>gem list --local

*** LOCAL GEMS ***

abstract (1.0.0)
actionmailer (3.0.7)
actionpack (3.0.7)
activemodel (3.0.7)
activerecord (3.0.7)
activeresource (3.0.7)
activesupport (3.0.7)
arel (2.0.9)
builder (3.0.0, 2.1.2)
bundler (1.0.12)
erubis (2.7.0, 2.6.6)
fastthread (1.0.7)
i18n (0.5.0)
mail (2.3.0, 2.2.18)
mime-types (1.16)
mysql (2.8.1 x86-mingw32)
polyglot (0.3.1)
rack (1.2.2)
rack-mount (0.7.2, 0.6.14)
rack-test (0.5.7)
rails (3.0.7)
railties (3.0.7)
rake (0.8.7)
rdoc (3.5.3, 2.5.11)
rdoc-data (2.5.3)
rubygems-update (1.7.2)
thor (0.14.6)
treetop (1.4.9)
tzinfo (0.3.27, 0.3.26)

我不知道什么地方丢失或错误，但脚本指向的输出文件包含以下数据：

mkmf.log：

have_func: checking for rb_thread_blocking_region()... -------------------- no

"gcc -o conftest -I. -IC:/Ruby/lib/ruby/1.8/i386-mingw32 -I.    -g -O2 -DFD_SETSIZE=256    conftest.c  -L. -LC:/Ruby/lib -L.      -lmsvcrt-ruby18-static  -lshell32 -lws2_32  "
conftest.c: In function 't':
conftest.c:7:53: error: 'rb_thread_blocking_region' undeclared (first use in this function)
conftest.c:7:53: note: each undeclared identifier is reported only once for each function it appears in
checked program was:
/* begin */
1: #include <ws2tcpip.h>
2: #include <winsock2.h>
3: #include <windows.h>
4: 
5: /*top*/
6: int main() { return 0; }
7: int t() { void ((*volatile p)()); p = (void ((*)()))rb_thread_blocking_region; return 0; }
/* end */

"gcc -o conftest -I. -IC:/Ruby/lib/ruby/1.8/i386-mingw32 -I.    -g -O2 -DFD_SETSIZE=256    conftest.c  -L. -LC:/Ruby/lib -L.      -lmsvcrt-ruby18-static  -lshell32 -lws2_32  "
C:\Users\Arne\AppData\Local\Temp\ccCicaNu.o: In function `t':
C:\Ruby\lib\ruby\gems\1.8\gems\mysql2-0.3.2\ext\mysql2/conftest.c:3: undefined reference to `rb_thread_blocking_region'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
checked program was:
/* begin */
1: /*top*/
2: int main() { return 0; }
3: int t() { rb_thread_blocking_region(); return 0; }
/* end */

--------------------

have_library: checking for main() in -llibmysql... -------------------- no

"gcc -o conftest -I. -IC:/Ruby/lib/ruby/1.8/i386-mingw32 -I. -IC:\Program    -g -O2 -DFD_SETSIZE=256    conftest.c  -L. -LC:/Ruby/lib -LC:\Program -L.      -lmsvcrt-ruby18-static -llibmysql  -lshell32 -lws2_32  "
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.5.2/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: cannot find -llibmysql
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
checked program was:
/* begin */
1: #include <ws2tcpip.h>
2: #include <winsock2.h>
3: #include <windows.h>
4: 
5: /*top*/
6: int main() { return 0; }
7: int t() { void ((*volatile p)()); p = (void ((*)()))main; return 0; }
/* end */

"gcc -o conftest -I. -IC:/Ruby/lib/ruby/1.8/i386-mingw32 -I. -IC:\Program    -g -O2 -DFD_SETSIZE=256    conftest.c  -L. -LC:/Ruby/lib -LC:\Program -L.      -lmsvcrt-ruby18-static -llibmysql  -lshell32 -lws2_32  "
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.5.2/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: cannot find -llibmysql
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
checked program was:
/* begin */
1: /*top*/
2: int main() { return 0; }
3: int t() { main(); return 0; }
/* end */

--------------------

gem_make.out：

C:/Ruby/bin/ruby.exe extconf.rb --with-mysql-include=C:\Program Files (x86)\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.1\include --with-mysql-lib=C:\Program Files (x86)\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.1\lib"
checking for rb_thread_blocking_region()... no
checking for main() in -llibmysql... no

我希望有人能指出我做错了什么，或者在我的开发系统上实际缺少了什么，以便正确地安装和运行这个gem。

Answer 1

我终于解决了这个问题：

1. 下载并安装了MySQL 64位5.5版
2. 下载了适用于32位5.5版的压缩归档文件。
3. 将32位include和lib文件夹解压到Ruby 1.9.2.
4. Installed MySQL

gems: 1.9.2.

1. Installed

​

它现在起到了护身符的作用。似乎MySQL gem在处理64位时遇到了查找数据的问题。

Answer 2

如果仍然出现错误，则交叉检查以下安装步骤-

http://rorguide.blogspot.com/2011/03/installing-mysql2-gem-on-ruby-192-and.html

其中大多数用户都能够在遵循上述步骤后安装mysql2 gem。

Answer 3

我知道这个线程与Windows有关，但我在Linux上搜索到了同样的问题，并通过安装库"libmysqlclient-dev“修复了它。