blocks|key|2335669|text|我绝对推荐Ruby+--作为一种有趣的语言来学习更多关于编程的知识。Java是静态类型的，并且是严格面向对象的，所以Ruby对你来说自然是陌生的。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|2335670|Ruby在许多范例方面都很强大--特别是面向对象、函数式和元编程。学习大量的范例以及如何组合它们将使您成为一名更好的程序员，无论您将来使用哪种语言。|2335671|在学习了Java之后，JRuby将会是一个很好的Ruby实现--它是用Java语言编写的，可以在Java虚拟机上运行。JRuby的另一个优点是您可以在Ruby代码中使用Java库。只需从您的包管理器安装jruby，您就应该准备好了。|offset|length|style|CODE|2335672|要学习ruby，请查看以下资源：|2335673|2335674|Ruby+from+Java|unordered-list-item|2335675|Ruby+in+20+minutes|2335676|Programming+Ruby|2335677|2335678|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://jruby.org/|1|http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/documentation/ruby-from-other-languages/to-ruby-from-java/|2|http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/documentation/quickstart/|3|http://ruby-doc.org/docs/ProgrammingRuby/^0|0|0|2T|5|B|5|0|0|0|0|0|E|1|0|0|I|2|0|0|G|3|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|18|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|19|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|1A|8|@$F|1B|G|1C|H|I]]|9|@$F|1D|G|1E|1|1F]]|A|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|6|7|1G|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|L|3|-4|5|6|7|1H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|O|7|1I|8|@]|9|@$F|1J|G|1K|1|1L]]|A|$]]|$1|P|3|Q|5|O|7|1M|8|@]|9|@$F|1N|G|1O|1|1P]]|A|$]]|$1|R|3|S|5|O|7|1Q|8|@]|9|@$F|1R|G|1S|1|1T]]|A|$]]|$1|T|3|-4|5|6|7|1U|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|U|3|-4|5|6|7|1V|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|V|$W|$5|X|Y|Z|A|$10|11]]|12|$5|X|Y|Z|A|$10|13]]|14|$5|X|Y|Z|A|$10|15]]|16|$5|X|Y|Z|A|$10|17]]]]

I would definitely recommend Ruby - as a fun language to learn more about programming. Java is statically typed and strictly object oriented, so it is natural that Ruby feels alien to you. 

Ruby is strong in a number of paradigms - especially object oriented, functional and metaprogramming. Learning lots of paradigms and how to combine them will make you a better programmer no matter what future languages you use.

Having learnt Java, <a href="http://jruby.org/" rel="nofollow">JRuby</a> would be good implementation of Ruby to use - it is written in Java and runs on the JVM. Another advantage of JRuby is that you can use Java libraries from your Ruby code. Just install <code>jruby</code> from your package manager and you should be ready to go.

To learn ruby check out the following resources:

<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/documentation/ruby-from-other-languages/to-ruby-from-java/" rel="nofollow">Ruby from Java</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/documentation/quickstart/" rel="nofollow">Ruby in 20 minutes</a></li>
<li><a href="http://ruby-doc.org/docs/ProgrammingRuby/" rel="nofollow">Programming Ruby</a></li>
</ul>

blocks|key|1483295|text|作为一名学生，我经常从我的许多教授那里听到这样的话：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1483296|“不是语言的问题，而是算法的问题！”|offset|length|style|BOLD|1483297|在尝试了近4年的不同语言后，我发现这是真的。因为如果你学会用一种语言做某件事...剩下的只是使用不同的语法来应用你的知识。|1483298|我的建议是坚持你开始的(Java)，在你掌握了基础知识之后，然后处理：|1483299|1483300|Inheritance+|unordered-list-item|1483301|Polymorpism|1483302|Data+Structures|1483303|1483304|因为你几乎可以在每种语言中找到上面的内容。|1483305|Algorithm+Animations帮助我可视化和理解了很多。|1483306|也可以阅读this的文章。|1483307|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://www.ansatt.hig.no/frodeh/algmet/animate.html#chap3|1|https://stackoverflow.com/questions/252256/should-i-first-study-algorithms-or-another-programming-language^0|0|0|I|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|K|0|0|5|4|1|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|1A|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|1B|8|@$D|1C|E|1D|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|1E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|6|7|1F|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|L|3|-4|5|6|7|1G|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|O|7|1H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|P|3|Q|5|O|7|1I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|R|3|S|5|O|7|1J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|T|3|-4|5|6|7|1K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|U|3|V|5|6|7|1L|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|W|3|X|5|6|7|1M|8|@]|9|@$D|1N|E|1O|1|1P]]|A|$]]|$1|Y|3|Z|5|6|7|1Q|8|@]|9|@$D|1R|E|1S|1|1T]]|A|$]]|$1|10|3|-4|5|6|7|1U|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|11|$12|$5|13|14|15|A|$16|17]]|18|$5|13|14|15|A|$16|19]]]]

As a Student, i hear those words a lot from many of my professors:

"Its not about the language, its about algorithms!!"

Which after almost 4 years of trying different languages, i find this to be true.
Because if you learn how to do something in one language... the rest is just applying your knowledge using different syntax.

My advice is to stick with what you started (Java), and after you master the basics, then deal with:

<ul>
<li>Inheritance </li>
<li>Polymorpism</li>
<li>Data Structures</li>
</ul>

Because you will find the above in almost every language.

<a href="http://www.ansatt.hig.no/frodeh/algmet/animate.html#chap3" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Algorithm Animations</a> helped me visualize and understand a lot.

Also read <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/252256/should-i-first-study-algorithms-or-another-programming-language">this</a> post.

blocks|key|3931468|text|既然你已经了解java了，那就试试其他的风格吧，比如Python、Perl和Ruby。Java和C%2B%2B在风格上是紧密相关的。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|3931469|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

Since you already know java, get a taste of other styles like Python, Perl and Ruby. PHP, Java, and C++ are closely related style wise.

blocks|key|267569|text|我推荐使用Scala、F#/SML/Ocaml和Haskell+--尤其是Scala：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|267570|原因是Scala表明，可以存在一种“有趣”的静态/强类型高级(真正意义上)“OO”语言。由于设计和实现的限制，有许多有用的编程构造在Java中是不可能的。(Scala绝不是一种完美的语言。)|267571|即使只学习C#3/4+(它的类型系统通常不如Scala强大，尽管并不是所有领域都重叠)也会让你大开眼界，了解Java中不容易完成的构造--简单地将“函数”作为对象传递，或者能够在列表上统一、轻松地运行查询和操作，这些都是Java无法实现的。您可以在Java语言中伪造闭包/lambda(看看非内部类或Functional+Java库)，但这并不美观:+Scala和C#添加了对这些结构的语言支持，因此它们是“自然的”。|267572|我不会说Ruby或Python+(或许多其他语言，不包括PHP+;-)的坏话--但它们缺少的一件事就是静态类型。有些人认为这是一件好事，但我通常认为它是一种诅咒(good+static+type+systems+can+prove+the+absence+of+a+number+of+type+problems)+--问题是，如果/C/C%2B%2B是您处理过的唯一一种静态类型语言，您会认为静态类型必须是痛苦的(并且意味着“太多的类型注释”和“太脆弱/封闭的类型”)+--在具有类型推断、视图边界、类型类等的高级静态类型语言中就不是这样了。|style|BOLD|267573|学习Haskell将真正让您看到一种不同的方法--但它确实是一种不同的野兽，需要忘记语言X是如何工作的。你可以写"Java+in+Scala"，即使不可取/惯用，但你真的不能写"Java+in+Haskell“。|267574|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://scala-lang.org/|1|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F_Sharp_%2528programming_language%2529|2|http://www.haskell.org/haskellwiki/Haskell|3|http://functionaljava.org/|4|https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4379439/tired-of-non-semantic-testing-to-make-up-for-dynamic-typing-suggestions/4382413#4382413^0|5|5|0|B|2|1|O|7|2|0|0|46|F|3|0|4M|11|29|23|4|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|13|8|@]|9|@$A|14|B|15|1|16]|$A|17|B|18|1|19]|$A|1A|B|1B|1|1C]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|1D|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|1E|8|@]|9|@$A|1F|B|1G|1|1H]]|C|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|1I|8|@$A|1J|B|1K|J|K]]|9|@$A|1L|B|1M|1|1N]]|C|$]]|$1|L|3|M|5|6|7|1O|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|N|3|-4|5|6|7|1P|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|O|$P|$5|Q|R|S|C|$T|U]]|V|$5|Q|R|S|C|$T|W]]|X|$5|Q|R|S|C|$T|Y]]|Z|$5|Q|R|S|C|$T|10]]|11|$5|Q|R|S|C|$T|12]]]]

I would recommend looking at <a href="http://scala-lang.org" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Scala</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F_Sharp_%28programming_language%29" rel="nofollow noreferrer">F#</a>/SML/Ocaml and <a href="http://www.haskell.org/haskellwiki/Haskell" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Haskell</a> -- but Scala in particular:

The reason for this is Scala shows that a "fun" statically/strongly-typed high-level (in a real sense) 'OO' language can exist. There are many useful programming constructs that are not possible in Java due to design and implementation limitations. (Scala is by no means a perfect language.)

Even learning just C#3/4 (which generally has a less powerful type system than Scala, although not all areas overlap) will open eyes with constructs that are not easy to do in Java -- simply passing around "functions" as objects or being able to uniformly and easily run queries and manipulations over lists are something out of reach with Java. You can fake closures/lambdas in Java (look at anon-inner classes or the <a href="http://functionaljava.org/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Functional Java</a> library), but it is hardly pretty: Scala and C# add language support for these constructs so they are "natural".

I won't speak ill of Ruby or Python (or many other languages, excluding PHP ;-) -- but one thing that they lack is static typing. Some people find this a blessing, but I generally find it a curse (<a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4379439/tired-of-non-semantic-testing-to-make-up-for-dynamic-typing-suggestions/4382413#4382413">good static type systems can prove the absence of a number of type problems</a>) -- the problem is that, if Java/C/C++ is/are the only statically typed language(s) you have dealt with, you will think that static typing has to be painful (and implies "too much type annotation" and "too brittle/closed types") -- this is simply not true in more advanced statically typed languages with type inference, view-bounds, typeclasses, etc.

Learning Haskell will really open your eyes up to a different approach -- but it really is a different beast and requires forgetting how language X works. You can write "Java in Scala", even if not advisable/idiomatic, but you really can't write "Java in Haskell".

blocks|key|3931299|text|如果你正在寻找web开发，我强烈建议你学习PHP+(它是一门非常有趣和有用的语言)。如果您希望为桌面、C%2B%2B进行开发，如果您想尝试iPhone+/+iPad开发，请尝试Objective-C。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|3931300|我上了一个Java类，我发现它为我迁移到Objective-c打下了良好的基础，你只需要小心，因为这门语言不会管理你的内存使用(没有垃圾回收器)。所有上述语言在互联网上都有大量的免费支持。如果你正在寻找一种学习一门语言的技术，我发现查看示例代码是最好的方法。|3931301|希望这能有所帮助！|3931302|entityMap^0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|G|$]]

If you are looking for web development, I would strongly suggest learning PHP (it is a really fun and useful language). If you are looking to develop for the desktop, C++ and if you want to try iPhone / iPad development, try Objective-C.

I took a Java class and I found that it gave me a good foundation for moving to Objective-c, you just need to be careful because the language does not manage your memory usage (no garbage collector). All of the above languages have tons of support freely available on the internet. If you are looking for a technique to learn a language, I find that looking at example code is the best way to go. 

Hope this helps!

blocks|key|1485296|text|我完全同意Chris的说法，确保当你开始学习的时候，在Google中查找所有的东西，有成千上万的资源可以帮助你学习你选择的语言。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1485297|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

I Totally agree with what Chris said, Make sure that when you start learning, look for everything in Google, there are thousands of resources available for how-to's about the language you chose to go with.

My final for my last java class will be Monday. What would be a good language with many free sources (poor college student here) to work off of? I've heard good things about Ruby and Erlang but both seem alien to me. 

Perhaps there is something I should try in Java first before moving to another language like some kind of framework or libraries that would advice me more than adopting a new language so quickly?

Advice on languages and places to learn them?

翻译质量差，导致语言生硬或混乱。

没有提供实际的解决方法或示例。

解答不清晰，无法理解或解决问题。

页面排版不美观，阅读体验差。

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我最后一节java课的期末考试是星期一。有许多免费源码(这里是贫穷的大学生)可以学习的好语言是什么？我听说过Ruby和Erlang的好消息，但这两者对我来说似乎都很陌生。也许在迁移到另一种语言之前，我应该先在Java中尝试一些东西，比如某种框架或库，它们可以给我更多的建议，而不是如此迅速地采用一种新语言？

问关于语言和学习语言的地方的建议？
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