blocks|key|1360333|text|我们对大脑是如何工作的知之甚少，无法有原则地去做你所说的事情。(也就是说，任何这类事情都是“胡乱猜测”。)所以这不是一个真正的软件问题--如果我们知道要写什么，也许会是，但现在我们不知道。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1360334|但是，您可能对Blue+Brain+Project更具生物学意义的方法感兴趣，或者对许多机器学习项目(如DARPA+Autonomous+Vehicle+Grand+Challenge+)中的任何项目感兴趣。在ALICE中可能会发现一种不太有用但更具会话功能的方法，但我不建议将其用于任何有用的东西。|offset|length|1360335|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://bluebrain.epfl.ch/|1|http://www.darpa.mil/grandchallenge/index.asp|2|http://www.alicebot.org/aiml.html^0|0|7|I|0|1G|14|1|2X|5|2|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|R|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@$D|T|E|U|1|V]|$D|W|E|X|1|Y]|$D|Z|E|10|1|11]]|A|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|12|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|G|$H|$5|I|J|K|A|$L|M]]|N|$5|I|J|K|A|$L|O]]|P|$5|I|J|K|A|$L|Q]]]]

We don't know enough about how the brain works to attempt to do what you're saying in a principled way. (I.e., anything of the sort is "guessing wildly".) So this isn't really a software question--if we had any idea of what to write, perhaps it would be, but right now we don't.

However, you may be interested in the <a href="http://bluebrain.epfl.ch/" rel="noreferrer">Blue Brain Project</a> for a more biological approach, or in any of a number of machine learning projects like the <a href="http://www.darpa.mil/grandchallenge/index.asp" rel="noreferrer">DARPA Autonomous Vehicle Grand Challenge</a>. A less useful but more conversational approach might be found in <a href="http://www.alicebot.org/aiml.html" rel="noreferrer">ALICE</a>, but I wouldn't recommend that for anything useful.

blocks|key|947691|text|Jeff+Hawkins+(“On+Intelligence”一书的作者)创立了一家名为Numenta的公司。他提出了一个关于人脑工作原理的理论：hierarchical+temporal+memory。Numenta已经开发了一个名为NuPIC的软件库(现在是开源的)，它实现了与这一理论相关的几个算法。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|947692|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeff_Hawkins|1|https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On_Intelligence|2|http://www.numenta.com/|3|https://numenta.org/hierarchical-temporal-memory/|4|https://github.com/numenta/nupic^0|0|C|0|F|F|1|18|7|2|21|S|3|3A|5|4|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|T|8|@]|9|@$A|U|B|V|1|W]|$A|X|B|Y|1|Z]|$A|10|B|11|1|12]|$A|13|B|14|1|15]|$A|16|B|17|1|18]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|19|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|E|$F|$5|G|H|I|C|$J|K]]|L|$5|G|H|I|C|$J|M]]|N|$5|G|H|I|C|$J|O]]|P|$5|G|H|I|C|$J|Q]]|R|$5|G|H|I|C|$J|S]]]]

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeff_Hawkins" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Jeff Hawkins</a> (the author of the book "<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On_Intelligence" rel="nofollow noreferrer">On Intelligence</a>") founded a company called <a href="http://www.numenta.com/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Numenta</a>. He came up with a theory on how a human brain works: the <a href="https://numenta.org/hierarchical-temporal-memory/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">hierarchical temporal memory</a> (HTM). Numenta has developed a software library called <a href="https://github.com/numenta/nupic" rel="nofollow noreferrer">NuPIC</a> (which is now open-source), which implements several algorithms related to this theory.

blocks|key|199347|text|在使用大脑超过50年后，这是我最后一次选择在其上模拟人工智能。众所周知，大脑是不可靠和武断的，并且有隐藏的偏见，可能需要几年的时间才能理清。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|199348|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

Having used a brain for over 50 years, it's the last thing I'd choose to model an AI on. Brains are notoriously unreliable and arbitrary, and have hidden biases that could take a shrink years to sort out.

blocks|key|1360430|text|我在学校里听的大多数人工智能讲座都是由那些多年来一直在追求“强大的人工智能”梦想的教授们所做的，他们最终意识到，如果他们几乎不能理解人类的大脑和思维是如何运作的(这些功能背后的理论有时几乎每天都在变化)，他们怎么可能希望人工模拟它呢？他们中的大多数人都听天由命地在问题更明确的领域从事人工智能:寻路，SAT求解的应用程序，图像处理，国际象棋获胜，对话等。但他们已经放弃了真正的、通用的“思维机器”。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1360431|我的建议是调查一个你感兴趣的具体问题(比如寻路；SAT求解器的应用，比如诊断系统；等等)看看已经采取了哪些人工智能方法来解决这些问题。也许你感兴趣的问题在AI解决方案方面没有太多。在这种情况下，您可以开始一个新的！;)|1360432|...But如果你不想不知所措，你可能不得不把范围缩小到特定的问题类别-至少在一开始是这样。|1360433|entityMap^0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|G|$]]

Most of the AI lectures I took in school were by professors who had been chasing the dream of "strong AI" for years, and had finally realized that if they could barely understand how a human brain and mind function (and the theories behind these functions sometimes change almost daily), how could they ever hope to simulate it artificially? Most of them were resigned to AI in niches where the problem is more clearly defined: pathfinding, applications of SAT-solving, image processing, chess-winning, conversation, etc... but they'd given up on the true, general-purpose "thinking machine".

My advice would be to look into a specific problem are that you are interested in (such as pathfinding; applications of SAT solvers, such as diagnosis systems; etc...) and see what AI approaches have been taken to solve them. Maybe the problem you are interested in doesn't have much in terms of AI solutions. In that case, you could get started on a new one! ;)

...But you will probably have to narrow it down to a specific class of problem if you don't want to be overwhelmed - at least at first.

blocks|key|1360605|text|有一些算法可以模拟人类的大脑。它们被称为人工神经网络(ANN)。他们基本上模拟了突触，并试图模拟我们的突触接受信号的方式，如果组合的信号输入足够强，就会沿着树突向其他突触发出自己的信号。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1360606|问题是，构建人工神经网络作为一种试图模拟真实事物的方法，很像使用核弹来模拟太阳；当然，它会给你一些有价值的数据，但就其模拟模型的能力而言，它不是WAYYY。|1360607|我在这里的相对比例上不是100%25肯定的，但为了给出一个像样的想法，考虑以下(这肯定会偏离几个数量级……但它足够近，可以理解为什么ANN不能为我们管理世界)：|1360608|如果你让地球上的每一台计算机使用每一种可用的资源来创建尽可能大的神经网络，然后将所有这些不同的神经网络相互连接(从而创建一个更大的神经网络)，你可能会开始接近人类大脑中存在的连接数量。|1360609|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|L|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|-4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|I|$]]

There are algorithms which model the human brain. They're called Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). They basically model the synapses and attempt to model the way in which our synapses can accept signals and, if the combined signal input is strong enough, fire their own signals along dendrites to other synapses.

The thing is, building ANNs as a method of attempting to simulate the real thing, is a lot like using a nuke to simulate the sun; Sure, it'll give you some valuable data, but, in terms of its ability to approximate that which it's modelling, it falls WAYYY short.

I'm not 100% positive on the relative scales here, but to give a decent idea, consider the following (this is definitely going to be off by a few orders of magnitude... but it's close enough to get an idea of why ANNs aren't running the world for us):

If you took every single computer on the planet and had them using every single available resource to create the largest ANNs they could, and then connected all those different ANNs to each other (thus creating an even larger ANN) you MIGHT start to get close to the number of connections present in the human brain.

blocks|key|2768819|text|你可以看看Cyc|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|2768820|2768821|+Cyc是一个人工智能项目，试图组装日常常识知识的全面本体和知识库，目标是使AI应用程序能够执行类似人类的推理。该项目由MCC的Douglas+Lenat于1984年启动，由Cycorp公司开发。该项目的部分内容以OpenCyc的形式发布，它在开放源码许可下提供了应用程序接口、RDF端点和数据转储。|blockquote|2768822|2768823|2768824|确切地说不是大脑，而是人工智能的重要组成部分。|2768825|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyc^0|5|3|0|0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|T|8|@]|9|@$A|U|B|V|1|W]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|X|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|E|3|F|5|G|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|H|3|-4|5|6|7|Z|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|I|3|-4|5|6|7|10|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|6|7|11|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|L|3|-4|5|6|7|12|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|M|$N|$5|O|P|Q|C|$R|S]]]]

You could have a look at <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyc" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Cyc</a>:

<blockquote>
 Cyc is an artificial intelligence
 project that attempts to assemble a
 comprehensive ontology and knowledge
 base of everyday common sense
 knowledge, with the goal of enabling
 AI applications to perform human-like
 reasoning. The project was started in
 1984 by Douglas Lenat at MCC and is
 developed by company Cycorp. Parts of
 the project are released as OpenCyc,
 which provides an API, RDF endpoint,
 and data dump under an open source
 license.
</blockquote>

Not precisely a brain, but an important component of an articifial intelligence.

blocks|key|2769023|text|您要查找的字段是Machine+Learning。特别是像遗传算法或遗传编程这样的进化算法。我知道的一种专门用来模拟人脑的算法是我读到的关于here的分层时间记忆。但这是一个非常困难的问题，我们还需要数年时间才能以任何有意义的方式模仿人类的大脑。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|2769024|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_learning|1|https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/0805078533^0|8|G|0|1Y|4|1|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@$A|O|B|P|1|Q]|$A|R|B|S|1|T]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|E|$F|$5|G|H|I|C|$J|K]]|L|$5|G|H|I|C|$J|M]]]]

The field you're looking for is <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_learning" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Machine Learning</a>. Specifically evolutionary algorithms like Genetic Algorithms or Genetic Programming. One algorithm that I know that specifically set out to mimic the human brain is Hierarchical Temporal Memory which I read about <a href="https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/0805078533" rel="nofollow noreferrer" rel="nofollow noreferrer">here</a>. But this is a very difficult problem and we are still YEARS away from mimicing the human brain in any meaningful way.

blocks|key|199184|text|有一个被称为有机计算http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_computing的计算机科学领域，这项工作的一些目标是有以下几点。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|199185|199186|self-organization|ordered-list-item|199187|self-configuration+(auto-configuration)|199188|self-optimisation+(automated+optimization)|199189|self-healing|199190|self-protection+(automated+computer+security)|199191|self-explaining|199192|context-awareness|199193|，自动计算机系统|199194|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_computing^0|A|1A|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|13|8|@]|9|@$A|14|B|15|1|16]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|17|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|E|3|F|5|G|7|18|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|G|7|19|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|G|7|1A|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|L|3|M|5|G|7|1B|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|N|3|O|5|G|7|1C|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|P|3|Q|5|G|7|1D|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|R|3|S|5|G|7|1E|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|T|3|U|5|6|7|1F|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|V|3|-4|5|6|7|1G|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|W|$X|$5|Y|Z|10|C|$11|12]]]]

There is a field of computer science known as Organic Computing <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_computing" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_computing</a> Some of the goals of this effort are to have the following.

<ol>
<li>self-organization</li>
<li>self-configuration
(auto-configuration)</li>
<li>self-optimisation (automated
optimization)</li>
<li>self-healing</li>
<li>self-protection (automated computer
security)</li>
<li>self-explaining</li>
<li>context-awareness</li>
</ol>

blocks|key|1360553|text|据我所知，最接近这一点的可能是the+Watchmaker+framework。虽然与人脑无关，但它似乎确实努力实现了AI类型的框架。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|1360554|http://watchmaker.uncommons.org/|1360555|1360556|手表制造商框架是一个可扩展的、高性能的、面向对象的框架，用于在|blockquote|1360557|
中实现与平台无关的进化/遗传算法|1360558|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|1^0|F|O|0|0|0|W|1|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|T|8|@]|9|@$A|U|B|V|1|W]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|X|8|@]|9|@$A|Y|B|Z|1|10]]|C|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|11|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|G|3|H|5|I|7|12|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|6|7|13|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|L|3|-4|5|6|7|14|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|M|$N|$5|O|P|Q|C|$R|E]]|S|$5|O|P|Q|C|$R|E]]]]

The closest possible thing that I know to this would be <a href="http://watchmaker.uncommons.org/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">the Watchmaker framework</a>. While not related to the human brain, it does seem to strive towards an AI-type framework. 

<a href="http://watchmaker.uncommons.org/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://watchmaker.uncommons.org/</a>

<blockquote>
 The Watchmaker Framework is an
 extensible, high-performance,
 object-oriented framework for
 implementing platform-independent
 evolutionary/genetic algorithms in
 Java
</blockquote>

Is there any open-source software that is trying to implement and emulate the human brain (e.g. intelligence and feelings)?

Open-source software for human brain simulation

翻译质量差，导致语言生硬或混乱。

没有提供实际的解决方法或示例。

解答不清晰，无法理解或解决问题。

页面排版不美观，阅读体验差。

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有没有开源软件试图实现和模拟人类的大脑(例如智力和情感)？

问用于人脑模拟的开源软件
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