使用ubuntu中的sed将带有特殊字符的块替换为另一个块

Question

我正在尝试自动替换tripwire配置文件中的一些行：

我在文件中有以下部分：

#
# Critical devices
#
(
  rulename = "Devices & Kernel information",
  severity = $(SIG_HI),
)
{
    /dev        -> $(Device) ;
    /proc       -> $(Device) ;
}

我想用下面的代码替换它(更改从/dev/pts行开始)

#
# Critical devices
#
(
  rulename = "Devices & Kernel information",
  severity = $(SIG_HI),
)
{
    /dev        -> $(Device) ;
    /dev/pts        -> $(Device) ;
        #/proc                  -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/devices           -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/net               -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/tty               -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/sys               -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/cpuinfo           -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/modules           -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/mounts            -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/dma               -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/filesystems       -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/interrupts        -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/ioports           -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/scsi              -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/kcore             -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/self              -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/kmsg              -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/stat              -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/loadavg           -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/uptime            -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/locks             -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/meminfo           -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/misc              -> $(Device) ;
}

我正在尝试使用sed来计算一个命令，但是我没有成功。

如果有人能建议我该怎么做，我将不胜感激。谢谢

Answer 1

由于/出现在搜索和替换模式中，因此可以将此sed与另一个正则表达式分隔符一起使用，如~。

使用以下数据创建一个名为new.txt的文件：

    /dev/pts        -> $(Device) ;
    #/proc                  -> $(Device) ;
    /proc/devices           -> $(Device) ;
    /proc/net               -> $(Device) ;
    /proc/tty               -> $(Device) ;
    /proc/sys               -> $(Device) ;
    /proc/cpuinfo           -> $(Device) ;
    /proc/modules           -> $(Device) ;
    /proc/mounts            -> $(Device) ;
    /proc/dma               -> $(Device) ;
    /proc/filesystems       -> $(Device) ;
    /proc/interrupts        -> $(Device) ;
    /proc/ioports           -> $(Device) ;
    /proc/scsi              -> $(Device) ;
    /proc/kcore             -> $(Device) ;
    /proc/self              -> $(Device) ;
    /proc/kmsg              -> $(Device) ;
    /proc/stat              -> $(Device) ;
    /proc/loadavg           -> $(Device) ;
    /proc/uptime            -> $(Device) ;
    /proc/locks             -> $(Device) ;
    /proc/meminfo           -> $(Device) ;
    /proc/misc              -> $(Device) ;

然后运行以下命令：

sed -e '/\/proc/{s/.*//; r new.txt' -e '}' file

输出：

#
# Critical devices
#
(
  rulename = "Devices & Kernel information",
  severity = $(SIG_HI),
)
{
    /dev        -> $(Device) ;

    /dev/pts        -> $(Device) ;
        #/proc                  -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/devices           -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/net               -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/tty               -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/sys               -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/cpuinfo           -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/modules           -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/mounts            -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/dma               -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/filesystems       -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/interrupts        -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/ioports           -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/scsi              -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/kcore             -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/self              -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/kmsg              -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/stat              -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/loadavg           -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/uptime            -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/locks             -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/meminfo           -> $(Device) ;
        /proc/misc              -> $(Device) ;
}