我正在尝试理解Adapter pattern及其在现实世界中的使用。在浏览了互联网和www.dofactory.com上的各种文章之后,我创建了这个示例代码。我只想知道我的理解是否正确。在下面的示例中,我在Adaptor类中创建了MSDAO对象。后来我把它改成了OracleDAO。
class Client
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
ITarget objAdapter = new Adapter();
object dummyObject = objAdapter.GetData();
}
}
Interface ITarget
{
public void GetData();
}
//Decision to use MSDAO
class Adapter : ITarget
{
public void GetData()
{
MSDAO objmsdao = new MSDAO();
objmsdao.GetData();
}
}
//After a month, the decision to use OracaleDAO was taken, so the code change
class Adapter : ITarget
{
public void GetData()
{
OracleDAO objoracledao = new OracleDAO();
objoracledao.GetData();
}
}发布于 2009-08-19 11:10:11
通常,适配器模式将一个接口转换为另一个接口,但它可以简单地包装行为,以便将类与底层实现隔离开来。在您的示例中,您使用的是适配器,但您也可以简单地定义DAO对象来简单地实现接口并针对接口进行编程。适配器模式通常在您无法控制目标类时使用。适配器模式的主要用途是为不实现接口的框架类创建包装器。
假设我想模拟出一个没有实现接口(也没有虚拟方法)的框架类。对于许多模拟apis,这是很难或不可能做到的。然后,我要做的就是将我自己的接口定义为我所针对的类的签名的子集。我实现了一个实现此接口的包装器类,并简单地将调用委托给包装的框架类。这个包装器类作为框架类的适配器工作。我的类使用这个适配器而不是框架类,但是获取框架类的行为。
public interface IFoo
{
void Bar();
}
public class FooWrapper : IFoo
{
private FrameworkFoo Foo { get; set; }
public FooWrapper( FrameworkFoo foo )
{
this.Foo = foo;
}
public void Bar()
{
this.Foo.Bar();
}
}还要考虑这样的情况:您有两个不同的类,它们具有基本相同的功能,但签名不同,并且您希望能够互换使用它们。如果您不能转换这些(或者由于其他原因不想转换),那么您可能想要编写一个适配器类来定义一个公共接口,并在该接口的方法和目标类上可用的方法之间进行转换。
框架类:
public class TargetA
{
public void Start() { ... }
public void End() { ... }
}
public class TargetB
{
public void Begin() { ... }
public void Terminate() { ... }
}一个用于它们的适配器
public interface ITargetAdapter
{
void Open();
void Close();
}
public class AdapterA : ITargetAdapter
{
private TargetA A { get; set; }
public AdapterA( TargetA a )
{
this.A = a;
}
public void Open() { this.A.Start(); }
public void Close() { this.A.End(); }
}
public class AdapterB : ITargetAdapter
{
private TargetB B { get; set; }
public AdapterB( TargetB a )
{
this.B = a;
}
public void Open() { this.B.Begin(); }
public void Close() { this.B.Terminate(); }
}然后用作:
ITargetAdapter adapter = new AdapterA( new TargetA() );
adapter.Open();
adapter.Close(); 发布于 2017-07-11 23:45:36
System.Drawing.Bitmap类中存在.NET框架中的一个规范示例。
此位图具有一个构造函数,可用于从Stream加载图像
public Bitmap(
Stream stream
)您不知道的是,在内部,.NET Bitmap类是GDI+ Bitmap类的包装器,它的构造函数接受IStream
Bitmap(
[in] IStream *stream,
[in] BOOL useIcm
);所以在C#的世界里,当我调用:
new Bitmap(stream);它必须转过身来呼喊:
IStream stm;
IntPtr gpBitmap;
GdipCreateBitmapFromStream(stm, out gpBitmap);问题是如何将.NET 流对象呈现给需要COM IStream接口的方法。
因此使用内部GPStream类:
internal class GPStream : IStream
{
GPStream(Stream stream) { ... }
}您需要为Stream对象提供一个IStream接口:
IStream Stream
======================================= =====================================
int Read(IntPtr buf, int len); --> int Read(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count)
int Write(IntPtr buf, int len); --> void Write(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count);
long Seek(long dlibMove, int dwOrigin); --> long Seek(long offset, SeekOrigin orgin)
... ...所以现在你有了一个适配器:

代码类似于:
IStream stm = new GPStream(stream); //adapter to convert Stream --> IStream
IntPtr gpBitmap;
GdipCreateBitmapFromStream(stm, out gpBitmap);发布于 2017-09-28 19:42:23
我添加了一些注释,希望能帮助你理解整个适配器/适配器/客户端/Itarget术语--这有点让人困惑:
internal class Program
{
private static void Main(string[] args)
{
// Brian and freddie know only how to say Greetings. But when they tour
// internationally, they will need a translator so when they say Greetings()
// the appropriate non-English response comes out of their mouth.
// they need to make use of the adapter pattern:
// When in Japan:
ITarget translator = new JapaneseTranslator(new JapaneseSpeaker());
EnglishMan freddie = new EnglishMan(translator);
// Freddie greets Tokyo, though he doesn't know a word of Japanese
Console.WriteLine(freddie.Greetings()); // "teo torriatte!"
// when in France:
ITarget translator2 = new FrenchTranslator(new FrenchSpeaker());
EnglishMan brian = new EnglishMan(translator2);
// Brian greets the crowd in Paris, though he doesn't know a word in French
Console.WriteLine(brian.Greetings());
// "So très charmant my dear! Bonjour"
// alternatively, the translators can also do the greeting:
Console.WriteLine(translator.Greetings()); // "Konichiwa, hisashiburi!"
Console.WriteLine(translator2.Greetings()); // "Bonjour!"
}
/// <summary>
/// This is the client.
/// </summary>
public class EnglishMan : ITarget
{
private ITarget target;
public EnglishMan(ITarget target)
{
this.target = target;
}
public string Greetings()
{
return target.Greetings();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// The target interface
/// </summary>
public interface ITarget
{
string Greetings();
}
/// <summary>
/// This is the adaptor
/// </summary>
public class JapaneseTranslator : ITarget
{
private JapaneseSpeaker japanese;
public JapaneseTranslator(JapaneseSpeaker japanese)
{
this.japanese = japanese;
}
public string Greetings()
{
return japanese.Konnichiwa();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// This is the adaptee
/// </summary>
public class JapaneseSpeaker
{
public JapaneseSpeaker()
{
}
public string Konnichiwa()
{
return "Konichiwa, hisashiburi!";
}
}
/// <summary>
/// This is the adaptor
/// </summary>
public class FrenchTranslator : ITarget
{
private FrenchSpeaker french;
public FrenchTranslator(FrenchSpeaker french)
{
this.french = french;
}
public string Greetings()
{
return french.Bonjour();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// This is the adaptee
/// </summary>
public class FrenchSpeaker
{
public string Bonjour()
{
return "Bonjour!!";
}
}
}https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1299167
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