blocks|key|1270208|text|p+foo打印foo.inspect后跟一个换行符，即它打印inspect的值而不是to_s的值，这更适合于调试(因为您可以区分1、"1"和"2\b1"，而在没有inspect的情况下打印时无法区分)。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|1270209|entityMap^0|0|5|7|B|U|7|16|4|1S|1|1U|3|1Y|6|29|7|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|H|8|@$9|I|A|J|B|C]|$9|K|A|L|B|C]|$9|M|A|N|B|C]|$9|O|A|P|B|C]|$9|Q|A|R|B|C]|$9|S|A|T|B|C]|$9|U|A|V|B|C]|$9|W|A|X|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|G|$]]

<code>p foo</code> prints <code>foo.inspect</code> followed by a newline, i.e. it prints the value of <code>inspect</code> instead of <code>to_s</code>, which is more suitable for debugging (because you can e.g. tell the difference between <code>1</code>, <code>"1"</code> and <code>"2\b1"</code>, which you can't when printing without <code>inspect</code>).

blocks|key|198706|text|同样重要的是要注意，puts对定义了to_s的类进行“反应”，而p则没有。例如：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|198707|class+T
+++def+initialize(i)
++++++@i+=+i
+++end
+++def+to_s
++++++@i.to_s
+++end
end

t+=+T.new+42
puts+t+++=>+42
p+t++++++=>+#<T:0xb7ecc8b0+@i=42>|code-block|syntax|javascript|198708|这直接来自.inspect调用，但在实践中并不明显。|198709|entityMap^0|A|4|I|4|W|1|0|0|5|8|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|O|8|@$9|P|A|Q|B|C]|$9|R|A|S|B|C]|$9|T|A|U|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|V|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|W|8|@$9|X|A|Y|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|Z|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|N|$]]

It is also important to note that <code>puts</code> "reacts" to a class that has <code>to_s</code> defined, <code>p</code> does not. For example:

<pre><code>class T
 def initialize(i)
 @i = i
 end
 def to_s
 @i.to_s
 end
end

t = T.new 42
puts t =&gt; 42
p t =&gt; #&lt;T:0xb7ecc8b0 @i=42&gt;
</code></pre>

This follows directly from the <code>.inspect</code> call, but is not obvious in practice.

blocks|key|4486713|text|p+foo与puts+foo.inspect相同|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|4486714|entityMap^0|0|5|6|G|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|H|8|@$9|I|A|J|B|C]|$9|K|A|L|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|M|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|G|$]]

<code>p foo</code> is the same as <code>puts foo.inspect</code>

blocks|key|4486781|text|来自ruby-2.4.1+document|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|4486782|看跌期权|4486783|4486784|+puts(obj,+...)+→+nil|blockquote|style|BOLD|CODE|4486785|4486786|将给定对象写入ios。将换行符写在任何尚未以换行符序列结束的之后。返回空。|4486787|必须打开流以进行写入。如果使用数组参数调用，则在新行上写入每个元素。每个不是字符串或数组的给定对象都将通过调用其to_s方法进行转换。如果调用时不带参数，则输出单个换行符。|4486788|4486789|让我们在irb上尝试一下|4486790|#+always+newline+in+the+end+
>>+puts+#+no+arguments

=>+nil+#+return+nil+and+writes+a+newline
>>+puts+"sss\nsss\n"+#+newline+in+string
sss
sss
=>+nil
>>+puts+"sss\nsss"+#+no+newline+in+string
sss
sss
=>+nil

#+for+multiple+arguments+and+array
>>+puts+"a",+"b"
a
b
=>+nil
>>+puts+"a",+"b",+["c",+"d"]
a
b
c
d
=>+nil|code-block|syntax|javascript|4486791|P|4486792|4486793|+p(obj)+→+obj+click+to+toggle+source|4486794|4486795|p(obj1,+obj2,+...)+→+[obj,+...]+p()+→+nil|4486796|对于每个对象，直接将obj.inspect后跟一个换行符写入程序的标准输出。|4486797|4486798|在irb中|4486799|#+no+arguments
>>+p
=>+nil+#+return+nil,+writes+nothing
#+one+arguments
>>+p+"sss\nsss\n"+
"sss\nsss\n"
=>+"aaa\naaa\n"
#+multiple+arguments+and+array
>>+p+"a",+"b"
"a"
"b"
=>+["a",+"b"]+#+return+a+array
>>+p+"a",+"b",+["c",+"d"]
"a"
"b"
["c",+"d"]
=>+["a",+"b",+["c",+"d"]]+#+return+a+nested+array|4486800|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.4.1/IO.html#method-i-puts^0|2|J|0|0|0|0|1|K|1|K|0|0|C|3|J|B|X|3|0|F|2|T|4|1K|4|0|0|0|0|0|0|1|Z|1|Z|0|0|0|V|W|9|0|V|W|9|0|A|B|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|1M|8|@]|9|@$A|1N|B|1O|1|1P]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|1Q|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|1R|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|G|3|H|5|I|7|1S|8|@$A|1T|B|1U|J|K]|$A|1V|B|1W|J|L]]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|1X|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|N|3|O|5|6|7|1Y|8|@$A|1Z|B|20|J|K]|$A|21|B|22|J|K]|$A|23|B|24|J|K]]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|P|3|Q|5|6|7|25|8|@$A|26|B|27|J|K]|$A|28|B|29|J|K]|$A|2A|B|2B|J|L]]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|R|3|-4|5|6|7|2C|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|S|3|T|5|6|7|2D|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|U|3|V|5|W|7|2E|8|@]|9|@]|C|$X|Y]]|$1|Z|3|10|5|6|7|2F|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|11|3|-4|5|6|7|2G|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|12|3|13|5|I|7|2H|8|@$A|2I|B|2J|J|K]|$A|2K|B|2L|J|L]]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|14|3|-4|5|6|7|2M|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|15|3|16|5|6|7|2N|8|@$A|2O|B|2P|J|K]|$A|2Q|B|2R|J|K]|$A|2S|B|2T|J|L]|$A|2U|B|2V|J|L]]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|17|3|18|5|6|7|2W|8|@$A|2X|B|2Y|J|L]]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|19|3|-4|5|6|7|2Z|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|1A|3|1B|5|6|7|30|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|1C|3|1D|5|W|7|31|8|@]|9|@]|C|$X|Y]]|$1|1E|3|-4|5|6|7|32|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|1F|$1G|$5|1H|1I|1J|C|$1K|1L]]]]

From <a href="https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.4.1/IO.html#method-i-puts" rel="nofollow noreferrer">ruby-2.4.1 document</a>

<h1>puts</h1>

<blockquote>
 <code>puts(obj, ...) → nil</code>
 
 Writes the given object(s) to ios. Writes a newline after any that
 do not already end with a newline sequence. Returns nil.
 
 The stream must be opened for writing. If called with an array
 argument, writes each element on a new line. Each given object
 that isn’t a string or array will be converted by calling its <code>to_s</code>
 method. If called without arguments, outputs a single newline.
</blockquote>

let's try it on irb 

<pre><code># always newline in the end 
&gt;&gt; puts # no arguments

=&gt; nil # return nil and writes a newline
&gt;&gt; puts "sss\nsss\n" # newline in string
sss
sss
=&gt; nil
&gt;&gt; puts "sss\nsss" # no newline in string
sss
sss
=&gt; nil

# for multiple arguments and array
&gt;&gt; puts "a", "b"
a
b
=&gt; nil
&gt;&gt; puts "a", "b", ["c", "d"]
a
b
c
d
=&gt; nil
</code></pre>

<h1>p</h1>

<blockquote>
 <code>p(obj) → obj click to toggle source</code> 
 <code>p(obj1, obj2, ...) → [obj, ...]</code>
 <code>p() → nil</code> 
 For each object, directly writes <code>obj.inspect</code> followed by a newline to the program’s standard output.
</blockquote>

in irb 

<pre><code># no arguments
&gt;&gt; p
=&gt; nil # return nil, writes nothing
# one arguments
&gt;&gt; p "sss\nsss\n" 
"sss\nsss\n"
=&gt; "aaa\naaa\n"
# multiple arguments and array
&gt;&gt; p "a", "b"
"a"
"b"
=&gt; ["a", "b"] # return a array
&gt;&gt; p "a", "b", ["c", "d"]
"a"
"b"
["c", "d"]
=&gt; ["a", "b", ["c", "d"]] # return a nested array
</code></pre>

blocks|key|198537|text|除了上面的答案之外，控制台输出中还有一个细微的差异-即是否有反逗号/引号-这可能是有用的：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|198538|p+"%2B%2B%2B%2B%2B"
>>+"%2B%2B%2B%2B%2B"

puts+"====="
>>+=====|code-block|syntax|javascript|198539|如果您想使用它们的近亲print创建一个简单的进度条，我发现这很有用|offset|length|style|BOLD|198540|array+=+[lots+of+objects+to+be+processed]
array.size
>>+20|198541|这将显示100%25的进度条：|198542|puts+"*"+*+array.size
>>+********************|198543|这会在每次迭代中增加一个增量*：|198544|array.each+do+%7Cobj%7C
+++print+"*"
+++obj.some_long_executing_process
end

#+This+increments+nicely+to+give+the+dev+some+indication+of+progress+/+time+until+completion
>>+******|198545|entityMap^0|0|0|B|5|0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|Z|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|10|8|@$I|11|J|12|K|L]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|D|7|13|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|O|3|P|5|6|7|14|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|Q|3|R|5|D|7|15|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|S|3|T|5|6|7|16|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|U|3|V|5|D|7|17|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|W|3|-4|5|6|7|18|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|X|$]]

In addition to the above answers, there is a subtle difference in console output - namely the presence/absence of inverted commas/quotation marks - that can be useful:

<pre><code>p "+++++"
&gt;&gt; "+++++"

puts "====="
&gt;&gt; =====
</code></pre>

I find this useful if you want to make a simple progress bar, using the their close relative, print:

<pre><code>array = [lots of objects to be processed]
array.size
&gt;&gt; 20
</code></pre>

This gives the 100% progress bar:

<pre><code>puts "*" * array.size
&gt;&gt; ********************
</code></pre>

And this adds an incremental * on each iteration:

<pre><code>array.each do |obj|
 print "*"
 obj.some_long_executing_process
end

# This increments nicely to give the dev some indication of progress / time until completion
&gt;&gt; ******
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1270306|text|这两个是相等的：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1270307|p+"Hello+World"++
puts+"Hello+World".inspect|code-block|syntax|javascript|1270308|(与to_s方法相比，inspect提供了更直观的对象视图)|offset|length|style|BOLD|1270309|entityMap^0|0|0|2|4|B|7|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|Q|8|@$I|R|J|S|K|L]|$I|T|J|U|K|L]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|V|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|N|$]]

These 2 are equal: 

<pre><code>p "Hello World" 
puts "Hello World".inspect
</code></pre>

(inspect gives a more literal view of the object compared to to_s method)

blocks|key|1500253|text|这可能说明了一个关键的区别，那就是p返回传递给它的值，而as+puts返回nil。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|1500254|def+foo_puts
++arr+=+['foo',+'bar']
++puts+arr
end

def+foo_p
++arr+=+['foo',+'bar']
++p+arr
end

a+=+foo_puts
=>nil
a
=>nil

b+=+foo_p
=>['foo',+'bar']
b
['foo',+'bar']|code-block|syntax|javascript|1500255|基准测试显示puts较慢|1500256|require+'benchmark'
str+=+[*'a'..'z']
str+=+str*100
res+=+Benchmark.bm+do+%7Cx%7C
++x.report(:a)+{+10.times+{p+str}+}
++x.report(:b)+{+10.times+{puts+str}+}
end
puts+"#{"\n"*10}"
puts+res

0.010000+++0.000000+++0.010000+(++0.047310)
0.140000+++0.090000+++0.230000+(++0.318393)|1500257|entityMap^0|H|1|V|4|11|3|0|0|6|4|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Q|8|@$9|R|A|S|B|C]|$9|T|A|U|B|C]|$9|V|A|W|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|X|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|Y|8|@$9|Z|A|10|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|H|7|11|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|O|3|-4|5|6|7|12|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|P|$]]

This may illustrate one of the key differences which is that <code>p</code> returns the value of what is passed to it, where as <code>puts</code> returns <code>nil</code>.

<pre><code>def foo_puts
 arr = ['foo', 'bar']
 puts arr
end

def foo_p
 arr = ['foo', 'bar']
 p arr
end

a = foo_puts
=&gt;nil
a
=&gt;nil

b = foo_p
=&gt;['foo', 'bar']
b
['foo', 'bar']
</code></pre>

Benchmark shows <code>puts</code> is slower

<pre><code>require 'benchmark'
str = [*'a'..'z']
str = str*100
res = Benchmark.bm do |x|
 x.report(:a) { 10.times {p str} }
 x.report(:b) { 10.times {puts str} }
end
puts "#{"\n"*10}"
puts res

0.010000 0.000000 0.010000 ( 0.047310)
0.140000 0.090000 0.230000 ( 0.318393)
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1498522|text|p方法将打印更广泛的可调试消息，其中puts将美化消息代码。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|1498523|例如，请看下面的代码行：|1498524|msg+=+"hey,+Use+\#{+to+interpolate+expressions"
puts+msg+#clean+msg
p+msg+#shows+\+with+#|code-block|syntax|javascript|1498525|输出将是|1498526|hey,+Use+#{+to+interpolate+expressions
"hey,+Use+\#{+to+interpolate+expressions"|1498527|see+output+pic+for+more+clarity|1498528|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://i.stack.imgur.com/eCbbR.png^0|0|1|I|4|0|0|0|0|0|0|V|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|10|8|@$9|11|A|12|B|C]|$9|13|A|14|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|15|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|J|7|16|8|@]|D|@]|E|$K|L]]|$1|M|3|N|5|6|7|17|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|O|3|P|5|J|7|18|8|@]|D|@]|E|$K|L]]|$1|Q|3|R|5|6|7|19|8|@]|D|@$9|1A|A|1B|1|1C]]|E|$]]|$1|S|3|-4|5|6|7|1D|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|T|$U|$5|V|W|X|E|$Y|Z]]]]

<code>p</code> method will print more extensive debuggable message, where <code>puts</code> will prettify message code.
e.g see below lines of code:
<pre><code>msg = &quot;hey, Use \#{ to interpolate expressions&quot;
puts msg #clean msg
p msg #shows \ with #
</code></pre>
output will be
<pre><code>hey, Use #{ to interpolate expressions
&quot;hey, Use \#{ to interpolate expressions&quot;
</code></pre>
<a href="https://i.stack.imgur.com/eCbbR.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer">see output pic for more clarity</a>

Is there any difference between <code>p</code> and <code>puts</code> in Ruby?

p vs puts in Ruby

翻译质量差，导致语言生硬或混乱。

没有提供实际的解决方法或示例。

解答不清晰，无法理解或解决问题。

页面排版不美观，阅读体验差。

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在Ruby语言中，p和puts有什么区别吗？

问Ruby中的P和puts
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回答 8

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回答 8

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问Ruby中的P和puts
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