blocks|key|5312723|text|实际上，我听说过的所有HPC代码要么用于解线性方程组，要么用于FFT。至少在使用的库中，这里有一些链接可以让你开始使用：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|5312724|5312725|BLAS+-线性代数的标准例程集-类似于矩阵multiplication|unordered-list-item|offset|length|5312726|LAPACK+-高级线性代数例程的标准集-像LU+decomp.|5312727|ATLAS优化的BLAS+implementation|5312728|FFTW优化的FFT+implementation|5312729|PBLAS+-用于分布式processors|5312730|SCALAPACK的BLAS+-分布式LAPACK+implementation|5312731|MPI+-用于分布式systems.|5312732|PETSc的通信库-可扩展的非线性和线性求解器(用户可扩展，接口更高)|5312733|5312734|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blas|1|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lapack|2|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automatically_Tuned_Linear_Algebra_Software|3|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FFTW|4|http://people.scs.fsu.edu/~burkardt/f_src/pblas/pblas.html|5|http://people.scs.fsu.edu/~burkardt/f_src/scalapack/scalapack.html|6|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Message_Passing_Interface|7|http://mcs.anl.gov/petsc^0|0|0|0|4|0|0|0|6|1|0|0|5|2|0|0|4|3|0|0|5|4|0|0|9|5|0|0|3|6|0|0|5|7|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|1I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|1J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|C|3|D|5|E|7|1K|8|@]|9|@$F|1L|G|1M|1|1N]]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|E|7|1O|8|@]|9|@$F|1P|G|1Q|1|1R]]|A|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|E|7|1S|8|@]|9|@$F|1T|G|1U|1|1V]]|A|$]]|$1|L|3|M|5|E|7|1W|8|@]|9|@$F|1X|G|1Y|1|1Z]]|A|$]]|$1|N|3|O|5|E|7|20|8|@]|9|@$F|21|G|22|1|23]]|A|$]]|$1|P|3|Q|5|E|7|24|8|@]|9|@$F|25|G|26|1|27]]|A|$]]|$1|R|3|S|5|E|7|28|8|@]|9|@$F|29|G|2A|1|2B]]|A|$]]|$1|T|3|U|5|E|7|2C|8|@]|9|@$F|2D|G|2E|1|2F]]|A|$]]|$1|V|3|-4|5|6|7|2G|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|W|3|-4|5|6|7|2H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|X|$Y|$5|Z|10|11|A|$12|13]]|14|$5|Z|10|11|A|$12|15]]|16|$5|Z|10|11|A|$12|17]]|18|$5|Z|10|11|A|$12|19]]|1A|$5|Z|10|11|A|$12|1B]]|1C|$5|Z|10|11|A|$12|1D]]|1E|$5|Z|10|11|A|$12|1F]]|1G|$5|Z|10|11|A|$12|1H]]]]

practically all HPC code I've heard of is either for solving sytems of linear equations or FFT's. Heres some links to start you off at least in the libraries used:

<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blas" rel="noreferrer">BLAS</a> - standard set of routines for linear algebra - stuff like matrix multiplication</li>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lapack" rel="noreferrer">LAPACK</a> - standard set of higher level linear algebra routines - stuff like LU decomp.</li>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automatically_Tuned_Linear_Algebra_Software" rel="noreferrer">ATLAS</a> - Optimized BLAS implementation</li>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FFTW" rel="noreferrer">FFTW</a> - Optimized FFT implementation</li>
<li><a href="http://people.scs.fsu.edu/~burkardt/f_src/pblas/pblas.html" rel="noreferrer">PBLAS</a> - BLAS for distributed processors</li>
<li><a href="http://people.scs.fsu.edu/~burkardt/f_src/scalapack/scalapack.html" rel="noreferrer">SCALAPACK</a> - distributed LAPACK implementation</li>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Message_Passing_Interface" rel="noreferrer">MPI</a> - Communications library for distributed systems.</li>
<li><a href="http://mcs.anl.gov/petsc" rel="noreferrer">PETSc</a> - Scalable nonlinear and linear solvers (user-extensible, interface to much above)</li>
</ul>

blocks|key|3902468|text|即使不是自由/开源软件，如果您需要执行这些库支持的任何操作(例如:信号处理、图像处理、矩阵数学)，英特尔IPP与MKL库确实可以为您节省大量时间(无论是在开发中还是在运行时)。当然，这取决于你的平台，你是否能从中获益。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|3902469|(不:我不为英特尔工作，但我是他们的快乐客户。)|3902470|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://www.intel.com/cd/software/products/asmo-na/eng/302910.htm|1|http://www.intel.com/cd/software/products/asmo-na/eng/307757.htm^0|1G|3|0|1K|3|1|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@$A|Q|B|R|1|S]|$A|T|B|U|1|V]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|X|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|G|$H|$5|I|J|K|C|$L|M]]|N|$5|I|J|K|C|$L|O]]]]

Even though not FOSS, the Intel <a href="http://www.intel.com/cd/software/products/asmo-na/eng/302910.htm" rel="nofollow noreferrer">IPP</a> and <a href="http://www.intel.com/cd/software/products/asmo-na/eng/307757.htm" rel="nofollow noreferrer">MKL</a> libraries can really save you a lot of time (both in development and at runtime) if you need to perform any of the operations supported by these libraries (e.g.: signal processing, image processing, matrix math). Of course, it depends on your platform whether you can take benefit from them.

(No: I don't work for Intel, but a happy customer of theirs I am.)

blocks|key|5312845|text|Trilinos的程序库和程序包套件为高性能计算提供了广泛的中间件库，包括稀疏、迭代线性求解器、非线性求解器、特征求解器、ODE和DAE积分器(包括灵敏度分析)、优化(包括入侵和黑盒)、有限元接口、网格接口、预处理程序等。在超大规模并行(5000%2B+CPU)模拟(核武器设计)中取得了巨大的成功。这些包提供了一套比BLAS等更高级别的功能。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|5312846|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://trilinos.sandia.gov/^0|0|8|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|L|8|@]|9|@$A|M|B|N|1|O]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|E|$F|$5|G|H|I|C|$J|K]]]]

The <a href="http://trilinos.sandia.gov/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Trilinos</a> suite of libraries and packages offer a broad range of middleware libraries for HPC including sparse, iterative linear solvers; nonlinear solvers; eigen solvers; ODE &amp; DAE integrators including sensitivity analysis; optimization (both invasive and black box); finite element interfaces; mesh interfaces; preconditioners; etc. All of these packages are designed using fairly modern C++ techniques (there are Python APIs as well as some C and Fortran). There used in very large scale parallel (5000+ CPUs) simulations of exceptional consequence (nuclear weapon design) with great success. These packages offer a great suite of capabilities that are much higher level than BLAS, etc.

blocks|key|784238|text|第一件事可能是阅读MPI(Message+Passing+Interface)，它是高性能计算节点互连中的事实标准。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|784239|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://www-unix.mcs.anl.gov/mpi/^0|9|U|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|L|8|@]|9|@$A|M|B|N|1|O]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|E|$F|$5|G|H|I|C|$J|K]]]]

The first thing might be reading about <a href="http://www-unix.mcs.anl.gov/mpi/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">MPI(Message Passing Interface)</a> which is the de facto standard in HPC node interconnects.

blocks|key|3057285|text|尽管已经有14%2B的历史，Expression+Templates的开创性工作仍然被认为是多年来最杰出的C%2B%2B工作之一。快速，高效，安全..。我用过这些技术，它们真的很了不起。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|3057286|编辑：如果上面的链接仍然断开，这里有一个alternate+reference+for+Expression+Templates。这篇DDJ文章引用了Veldhuizen的原著。|style|BOLD|3057287|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://ubiety.uwaterloo.ca/~tveldhui/papers/Expression-Templates/exprtmpl.html|1|http://www.ddj.com/cpp/184401627^0|C|K|0|0|0|3|K|18|1|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|R|8|@]|9|@$A|S|B|T|1|U]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|V|8|@$A|W|B|X|F|G]]|9|@$A|Y|B|Z|1|10]]|C|$]]|$1|H|3|-4|5|6|7|11|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|I|$J|$5|K|L|M|C|$N|O]]|P|$5|K|L|M|C|$N|Q]]]]

Despite being 14+ years old, the pioneering work of <a href="http://ubiety.uwaterloo.ca/~tveldhui/papers/Expression-Templates/exprtmpl.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Expression Templates</a> is still regarded as some of the most exceptional C++ work in years. Fast, efficient, safe... I've used the techniques and they're really remarkable. 

Edit:
In case the above link remains broken, here's an <a href="http://www.ddj.com/cpp/184401627" rel="nofollow noreferrer">alternate reference for Expression Templates</a>. This DDJ article cites the original work of Veldhuizen.

blocks|key|784413|text|查看Eigen+Vector/Matrix+library。应用编程接口非常优雅，生成的程序非常快(由于SSE2架构的显式矢量化)。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|784414|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://eigen.tuxfamily.org/^0|2|R|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|L|8|@]|9|@$A|M|B|N|1|O]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|E|$F|$5|G|H|I|C|$J|K]]]]

Check out the <a href="http://eigen.tuxfamily.org/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Eigen Vector/Matrix library</a>. The api is very elegant, and the resulting programs are blazing fast (due to explicit vectorization for SSE2 architectures)..

blocks|key|5312635|text|看看The+ADAPTIVE+Communication+Environment+(ACE)吧。它是一个用于C%2B%2B高性能应用程序的模板库和对象库。它为线程、网络等提供了很好的跨平台原语。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|5312636|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://www.cs.wustl.edu/~schmidt/ACE.html^0|2|18|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|L|8|@]|9|@$A|M|B|N|1|O]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|E|$F|$5|G|H|I|C|$J|K]]]]

Take a look at <a href="http://www.cs.wustl.edu/~schmidt/ACE.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">The ADAPTIVE Communication Environment (ACE)</a>. It's a library of templates and objects for high performance applications in C++. It has great cross-platform primitives for threading, networking, etc.

blocks|key|5312976|text|无论你写的是什么，也不管你从一开始就设计了多少性能，它很有可能会从性能调优中受益。通常情况下，程序越大，受益越多。THIS是一种简单、有效的调优方法。它基于“深度采样”，这是一种在不强调测量的情况下提供诊断准确性的技术。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|5312977|您还可以查看http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Performance_analysis#Simple_manual_technique|5312978|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://www.wikihow.com/Optimize-Your-Program%2527s-Performance|1|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Performance_analysis#Simple_manual_technique^0|1L|4|0|0|6|21|1|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@$A|Q|B|R|1|S]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|T|8|@]|9|@$A|U|B|V|1|W]]|C|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|X|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|G|$H|$5|I|J|K|C|$L|M]]|N|$5|I|J|K|C|$L|O]]]]

No matter what you write, and how much you design for performance from the beginning, chances are pretty good it will benefit from performance tuning. Usually the bigger the program, the more it will benefit. <a href="http://www.wikihow.com/Optimize-Your-Program%27s-Performance" rel="nofollow noreferrer">THIS</a> is a simple, effective way to do that tuning. It is based on "deep sampling", a technique that gives accuracy of diagnosis while de-emphasizing measurement.

You could also look at <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Performance_analysis#Simple_manual_technique" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Performance_analysis#Simple_manual_technique</a>

blocks|key|5313069|text|高可伸缩性-构建更大、更快、更可靠的网站。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|5313070|http://highscalability.com/|offset|length|5313071|还有：|5313072|http://www.ddj.com/hpc-high-performance-computing/|5313073|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|1^0|0|0|R|0|0|0|0|1E|1|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|R|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@$D|T|E|U|1|V]]|A|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|X|8|@]|9|@$D|Y|E|Z|1|10]]|A|$]]|$1|J|3|-4|5|6|7|11|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|K|$L|$5|M|N|O|A|$P|C]]|Q|$5|M|N|O|A|$P|I]]]]

High Scalability - Building bigger, faster, more reliable websites.

<a href="http://highscalability.com/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://highscalability.com/</a>

And also:

<a href="http://www.ddj.com/hpc-high-performance-computing/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.ddj.com/hpc-high-performance-computing/</a>

I'm looking for books or online resources that go in detail over programming techniques for high performance computing using C++.

Resources for high performance computing in C++

翻译质量差，导致语言生硬或混乱。

没有提供实际的解决方法或示例。

解答不清晰，无法理解或解决问题。

页面排版不美观，阅读体验差。

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