如何注释pydoc的参数

Question

有没有一种方法可以注释函数的参数，使它们被pydoc库识别？

也就是说，pydoc的文档字符串是什么？

Answer 1

pydoc不识别docstring中的“结构化”元素，它只是按原样输出docstring。有关示例，请参阅PEP-257。

如果您想要一个“格式化”的文档，您应该使用另一个文档生成器，比如Sphinx或pdoc。

函数的参数必须记录在函数文档字符串中。下面是取自this answer的一个示例

"""
This example module shows various types of documentation available for use
with pydoc.  To generate HTML documentation for this module issue the
command:

    pydoc -w foo

"""

class Foo(object):
    """
    Foo encapsulates a name and an age.
    """
    def __init__(self, name, age):
        """
        Construct a new 'Foo' object.

        :param name: The name of foo
        :param age: The ageof foo
        :return: returns nothing
        """
        self.name = name
        self.age

def bar(baz):
    """
    Prints baz to the display.
    """
    print baz

if __name__ == '__main__':
    f = Foo('John Doe', 42)
    bar("hello world")

如果您希望利用具有更多参数描述符的重构文本，例如:type param:或:rtype: take from here，则以下是另一个更明确的示例

"""
The ``obvious`` module
======================

Use it to import very obvious functions.

:Example:

>>> from obvious import add
>>> add(1, 1)
2

This is a subtitle
-------------------

You can say so many things here ! You can say so many things here !
You can say so many things here ! You can say so many things here !
You can say so many things here ! You can say so many things here !
You can say so many things here ! You can say so many things here !

This is another subtitle
------------------------

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod
tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam,
quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo
consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse
cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non
proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

"""

def add(a, b):
    """
    Adds two numbers and returns the result.

    This add two real numbers and return a real result. You will want to
    use this function in any place you would usually use the ``+`` operator
    but requires a functional equivalent.

    :param a: The first number to add
    :param b: The second number to add
    :type a: int
    :type b: int
    :return: The result of the addition
    :rtype: int

    :Example:

    >>> add(1, 1)
    2
    >>> add(2.1, 3.4)  # all int compatible types work
    5.5

    .. seealso:: sub(), div(), mul()
    .. warnings:: This is a completly useless function. Use it only in a 
              tutorial unless you want to look like a fool.
    .. note:: You may want to use a lambda function instead of this.
    .. todo:: Delete this function. Then masturbate with olive oil.
    """
    return a + b

您还可以使用不同的文档字符串格式(如Google或Numpy)，我推荐使用来使您的文档字符串更清晰！。

希望这能有所帮助！

Answer 2

另一个例子

#!/usr/bin/env python

"""
Module documentation
A small example of comments usage
"""

# regular comment,
# will not visible by pydoc
spam = 40


def square(x):
    """
    this function will return square(x) value
    :param x: any number
    :return: example doc for return
    """
    return x ** 2

import abc


class ListInherited:
    """
        Class ListInherited doc example
        This class use dir() function for list instance attributes
    """

    def __init__(self, arg1):
        """
        my constructor
        :param arg1: example value
        :return:
        """
        self.arg1 = arg1

    def __str__(self):
        """
        to string conversion
        :return:
        """
        tup = (self.__class__.__name__, id(self), self.attr_names())
        return '<Instance of %s, address %s:\n%s>' % tup

    def attr_names(self):
        """
        get attribute names
        :return: string
        """
        result = ''

        for attr in dir(self):
            if attr[:2] == '__' and attr[-2:] == '__':  # skip "build-in"
                result += '\t name %s=<>\n' % attr
            else:
                result += '\t name %s=%s\n' % (attr, getattr(self, attr))
        return result

    @staticmethod
    def my_static_method(count):
        """
        static method comment example
        :param count:
        :return:
        """
        return "Hello, I'm static" * count


if __name__ == "__main__":
    import test3

    x = 33
    y = test3.square(x)

    print(test3.__doc__)
    print(test3.square.__doc__)

    instance = ListInherited(1)
    print(instance.__doc__)

在python控制台中

>>> import test3
>>> help(test3)

输出：

Help on module test3:

NAME
    test3

FILE
    /home/mrdinkelman/PycharmProjects/testproject27/test3.py

DESCRIPTION
    Module documentation
    A small example of comments usage

CLASSES
    ListInherited

    class ListInherited
     |  Class ListInherited doc example
     |  This class use dir() function for list instance attributes
     |  
     |  Methods defined here:
     |  
     |  __init__(self, arg1)
     |      my constructor
     |      :param arg1: example value
     |      :return:
     |  
     |  __str__(self)
     |      to string conversion
     |      :return:
     |  
     |  attr_names(self)
     |      get attribute names
     |      :return: string
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Static methods defined here:
     |  
     |  my_static_method(count)
     |      static method comment example
     |      :param count:
     |      :return:

FUNCTIONS
    square(x)
        this function will return square(x) value
        :param x: any number
        :return: example doc for return

DATA
    spam = 40