cloud-init: cloud-config指令的执行顺序是什么？

Question

cloud-init user-data对象的cloud-config部分中指令的顺序是什么。这对于避免竞争类型条件很重要。

我知道bootcmd在runcmd之前运行，但是所有方法的顺序有没有一个很好的列表？

Answer 1

来自https://git.launchpad.net/cloud-init/tree/config/cloud.cfg (感谢garbelini)

(截至2017年9月，上面的链接是不正确的，现在是https://git.launchpad.net/cloud-init/tree/config/cloud.cfg.tmpl，请参阅下面的注释)

# The modules that run in the 'init' stage
cloud_init_modules:
 - migrator
 - ubuntu-init-switch
 - seed_random
 - bootcmd
 - write-files
 - growpart
 - resizefs
 - set_hostname
 - update_hostname
 - update_etc_hosts
 - ca-certs
 - rsyslog
 - users-groups
 - ssh

# The modules that run in the 'config' stage
cloud_config_modules:
# Emit the cloud config ready event
# this can be used by upstart jobs for 'start on cloud-config'.
 - emit_upstart
 - disk_setup
 - mounts
 - ssh-import-id
 - locale
 - set-passwords
 - snappy
 - grub-dpkg
 - apt-pipelining
 - apt-configure
 - package-update-upgrade-install
 - fan
 - landscape
 - timezone
 - lxd
 - puppet
 - chef
 - salt-minion
 - mcollective
 - disable-ec2-metadata
 - runcmd
 - byobu

# The modules that run in the 'final' stage
cloud_final_modules:
 - rightscale_userdata
 - scripts-vendor
 - scripts-per-once
 - scripts-per-boot
 - scripts-per-instance
 - scripts-user
 - ssh-authkey-fingerprints
 - keys-to-console
 - phone-home
 - final-message
 - power-state-change

此外：

存在配置合并，顺序如下：- cli配置文件覆盖环境配置文件，环境配置文件覆盖实例配置，实例配置覆盖数据源配置，数据源配置覆盖基本配置，基本配置覆盖默认配置。(请参阅Changelog)

在各个生成的脚本目录中，脚本按照python "sorted()“内置给出的顺序运行

注意:尽管在回答时这是正确的，但查看上面提到的存储库(截至2017年9月)，现在有一个cloud.cfg.tmpl模板文件，它对不同的发行版具有略有不同的设置

# The modules that run in the 'init' stage
cloud_init_modules:
 - migrator
 - seed_random
 - bootcmd
 - write-files
 - growpart
 - resizefs
{% if variant not in ["freebsd"] %}
 - disk_setup
 - mounts
{% endif %}
 - set_hostname
 - update_hostname
{% if variant not in ["freebsd"] %}
 - update_etc_hosts
 - ca-certs
 - rsyslog
{% endif %}
 - users-groups
 - ssh

# The modules that run in the 'config' stage
cloud_config_modules:
{% if variant in ["ubuntu", "unknown", "debian"] %}
# Emit the cloud config ready event
# this can be used by upstart jobs for 'start on cloud-config'.
 - emit_upstart
 - snap_config
{% endif %}
 - ssh-import-id
 - locale
 - set-passwords
{% if variant in ["rhel", "fedora"] %}
 - spacewalk
 - yum-add-repo
{% endif %}
{% if variant in ["ubuntu", "unknown", "debian"] %}
 - grub-dpkg
 - apt-pipelining
 - apt-configure
{% endif %}
{% if variant not in ["freebsd"] %}
 - ntp
{% endif %}
 - timezone
 - disable-ec2-metadata
 - runcmd
{% if variant in ["ubuntu", "unknown", "debian"] %}
 - byobu
{% endif %}

# The modules that run in the 'final' stage
cloud_final_modules:
{% if variant in ["ubuntu", "unknown", "debian"] %}
 - snappy
{% endif %}
 - package-update-upgrade-install
{% if variant in ["ubuntu", "unknown", "debian"] %}
 - fan
 - landscape
 - lxd
{% endif %}
{% if variant not in ["freebsd"] %}
 - puppet
 - chef
 - salt-minion
 - mcollective
{% endif %}
 - rightscale_userdata
 - scripts-vendor
 - scripts-per-once
 - scripts-per-boot
 - scripts-per-instance
 - scripts-user
 - ssh-authkey-fingerprints
 - keys-to-console
 - phone-home
 - final-message
 - power-state-change