在Python3.x和django-1.9上使用base64编码的整型字符串

Question

我使用Python3.4和django-1.9。ı需要使用base64对字符串和编码进行整型转换。

代码：

new_key = base64.b64encode(str(key))

错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/mehmet/Envs/ets-3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 149, in get_response
    response = self.process_exception_by_middleware(e, request)
  File "/home/mehmet/Envs/ets-3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 147, in get_response
    response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
  File "/home/mehmet/Envs/ets-3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/views/decorators/csrf.py", line 58, in wrapped_view
    return view_func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/mehmet/Envs/ets-3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/decorators.py", line 23, in _wrapped_view
    return view_func(request, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/mehmet/PycharmProjects/Tango/orders/views.py", line 167, in order_info
    subscribe_item_list, mount_subscribe_discount_relation)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.4/contextlib.py", line 30, in inner
    return func(*args, **kwds)
  File "/home/mehmet/PycharmProjects/Tango/operations/order.py", line 94, in new_order
    return encryption(order.id)
  File "/home/mehmet/PycharmProjects/Tango/operations/order.py", line 15, in encryption
    new_key = base64.b64encode(str(key))
  File "/home/mehmet/Envs/ets-3/lib/python3.4/base64.py", line 62, in b64encode
    encoded = binascii.b2a_base64(s)[:-1]
TypeError: 'str' does not support the buffer interface

Answer 1

在Python3中，base64.b64encode需要一个bytes对象作为它的参数，而不是像现在这样需要一个str。您可以通过将key中的整数转换为字节字符串，然后对字节字符串进行base64编码来处理此问题：

>>> key = 123456789
>>> new_key = base64.b64encode(bytes(str(key), encoding='ascii'))
>>> print(new_key)
b'MTIzNDU2Nzg5'
>>> key = -443322
>>> new_key = base64.b64encode(bytes(str(key), encoding='ascii'))
>>> print(new_key)
b'LTQ0MzMyMg=='

这里，整数key首先转换为Python3字符串(类型为str)，然后使用ASCII编码转换为字节字符串(类型为bytes)。可以使用任何有效的编码，但ASCII码肯定会覆盖所有可能的数字和一元-。

为了完整起见，在Python 2中，您可以这样做：

>>> key = 123456789
>>> new_key = str(key).encode('base64')