如何使用Django / Python从RESTful web服务中消费XML？

Question

我应该使用PyXML还是标准库中的内容？

Answer 1

ElementTree是作为标准Python库的一部分提供的。ElementTree是纯python，而cElementTree是更快的C实现：

# Try to use the C implementation first, falling back to python
try:
    from xml.etree import cElementTree as ElementTree
except ImportError, e:
    from xml.etree import ElementTree

下面是一个示例用法，其中我使用来自RESTful web服务的xml：

def find(*args, **kwargs):
    """Find a book in the collection specified"""

    search_args = [('access_key', api_key),]
    if not is_valid_collection(kwargs['collection']):
        return None
    kwargs.pop('collection')
    for key in kwargs:
        # Only the first keword is honored
        if kwargs[key]:
            search_args.append(('index1', key))
            search_args.append(('value1', kwargs[key]))
            break

    url = urllib.basejoin(api_url, '%s.xml' % 'books')
    data = urllib.urlencode(search_args)
    req = urllib2.urlopen(url, data)
    rdata = []
    chunk = 'xx'
    while chunk:
        chunk = req.read()
        if chunk:
            rdata.append(chunk)
    tree = ElementTree.fromstring(''.join(rdata))
    results = []
    for i, elem in enumerate(tree.getiterator('BookData')):
        results.append(
               {'isbn': elem.get('isbn'),
                'isbn13': elem.get('isbn13'),
                'title': elem.find('Title').text,
                'author': elem.find('AuthorsText').text,
                'publisher': elem.find('PublisherText').text,}
             )
    return results

Answer 2

只要有可能，我总是更喜欢使用标准库。ElementTree在pythonistas中非常出名，因此您应该能够找到大量的示例。它的一部分也已经用C语言进行了优化，所以它的速度相当快。

http://docs.python.org/library/xml.etree.elementtree.html

Answer 3

还有BeautifulSoup，它有一些人可能更喜欢的API。下面是一个例子，告诉你如何从Twitter的Public Timeline中提取出所有最受欢迎的推文：

from BeautifulSoup import BeautifulStoneSoup
import urllib

url = urllib.urlopen('http://twitter.com/statuses/public_timeline.xml').read()
favorited = []

soup = BeautifulStoneSoup(url)
statuses = soup.findAll('status')

for status in statuses:
    if status.find('favorited').contents != [u'false']:
        favorited.append(status)