基于ATL的链接器错误

Question

我最近遇到了atls.lib的链接问题。我用以下命令更新了链接器的附加依赖项行：

comctl32.lib
C:\WinDDK\7600.16385.1\lib\ATL\i386\atls.lib
C:\WinDDK\7600.16385.1\lib\ATL\i386\atl.lib
C:\WinDDK\7600.16385.1\lib\ATL\i386\atlsd.lib

然而，现在，我开始收到这些错误。

导致这些问题的原因是什么？

非常感谢。

------ Build started: Project: hede, Configuration: Debug Win32 ------
Linking...
atlsd.lib(externs.obj) : error LNK2005: "char const * const g_pszUpdateEventName" (?g_pszUpdateEventName@@3PBDB) already defined in atls.lib(externs.obj)
atlsd.lib(externs.obj) : error LNK2005: "char const * const g_pszAllocFileMapName" (?g_pszAllocFileMapName@@3PBDB) already defined in atls.lib(externs.obj)
atlsd.lib(externs.obj) : error LNK2005: "char const * const g_pszKernelObjFmt" (?g_pszKernelObjFmt@@3PBDB) already defined in atls.lib(externs.obj)
atlsd.lib(externs.obj) : error LNK2005: "class CAtlAllocator g_Allocator" (?g_Allocator@@3VCAtlAllocator@@A) already defined in atls.lib(externs.obj)
SettingPropPage.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol __forceAtlDllManifest
stdafx.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol __forceAtlDllManifest
trace.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol __forceAtlDllManifest
util.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol __forceAtlDllManifest
genericpropclasses.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol __forceAtlDllManifest
hede.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol __forceAtlDllManifest
hede2.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol __forceAtlDllManifest
propclasses.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol __forceAtlDllManifest
propclasses.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __imp__AtlWinModuleAddCreateWndData@12 referenced in function "public: void __thiscall ATL::CAtlWinModule::AddCreateWndData(struct ATL::_AtlCreateWndData *,void *)" (?AddCreateWndData@CAtlWinModule@ATL@@QAEXPAU_AtlCreateWndData@2@PAX@Z)
propclasses.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "void __stdcall ATL::__FreeStdCallThunk(void *)" (?__FreeStdCallThunk@ATL@@YGXPAX@Z) referenced in function "public: static void __cdecl ATL::_stdcallthunk::operator delete(void *)" (??3_stdcallthunk@ATL@@SAXPAX@Z)
propclasses.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __imp__AtlWinModuleExtractCreateWndData@4 referenced in function "public: void * __thiscall ATL::CAtlWinModule::ExtractCreateWndData(void)" (?ExtractCreateWndData@CAtlWinModule@ATL@@QAEPAXXZ)
propclasses.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "void * __stdcall ATL::__AllocStdCallThunk(void)" (?__AllocStdCallThunk@ATL@@YGPAXXZ) referenced in function "public: static void * __cdecl ATL::_stdcallthunk::operator new(unsigned int)" (??2_stdcallthunk@ATL@@SAPAXI@Z)
stdafx.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __imp__AtlUpdateRegistryFromResourceD@20 referenced in function "public: long __stdcall ATL::CAtlModule::UpdateRegistryFromResourceDHelper(wchar_t const *,int,struct ATL::_ATL_REGMAP_ENTRY *)" (?UpdateRegistryFromResourceDHelper@CAtlModule@ATL@@QAGJPB_WHPAU_ATL_REGMAP_ENTRY@2@@Z)
stdafx.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __imp__AtlCreateRegistrar@4 referenced in function "public: long __stdcall ATL::CAtlModule::UpdateRegistryFromResourceDHelper(wchar_t const *,int,struct ATL::_ATL_REGMAP_ENTRY *)" (?UpdateRegistryFromResourceDHelper@CAtlModule@ATL@@QAGJPB_WHPAU_ATL_REGMAP_ENTRY@2@@Z)
stdafx.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __imp__AtlCallTermFunc@4 referenced in function "public: void __thiscall ATL::CAtlModule::Term(void)" (?Term@CAtlModule@ATL@@QAEXXZ)
Debug/hede.exe : fatal error LNK1120: 8 unresolved externals
Build log was saved at "file://c:\Users\JohnDoe\Desktop\myproject\hede\Debug\BuildLog.htm"
hede- 20 error(s), 0 warning(s)
========== Build: 0 succeeded, 1 failed, 0 up-to-date, 0 skipped ==========

Answer 1

在项目设置中，将“使用ATL”从“动态链接到ATL”更改为“静态链接到ATL”。

Answer 2

我也不得不调试这个问题。由于atl.lib中缺少许多函数，DLL bulid似乎无法正常工作。我把“使用ATL”改成了“静态链接到ATL”。在那之后，我只剩下3个缺失的符号，我发现这些符号都是在atlthunk.lib中定义的。在atlbase.h中从来没有引用过这个。这就是为什么我添加了

#pragma comment(lib, "atlthunk.lib")

在atls.lib/atlsd.lib的debug yes/no部分之前设置为atlbase.h

在那之后，构建就成功了。

Answer 3

atls.lib是ATL的静态库。atlsd.lib是该库的调试版本。您链接到同一构建上的这两个，因此您将获得多个定义。此外，如果你想使用atl.lib的动态库，你应该链接到ATL。因此，要么使用atl.lib，要么在发布版本中使用atls.lib，在调试版本中使用atlsd.lib。但不要把它们混在一起。