在linux上使用Protractor运行selenium-chromedriver

Question

我正在使用protractor对一个Angular应用程序运行测试。它们可以在我的OSX环境下运行，但不能在TeamCity试图运行它的Linux上运行。

当我在本地OSX环境中运行此命令时，它可以工作(在我的同事机器上也进行了测试)：

./node_modules/protractor/bin/protractor protractor.conf.js

Using ChromeDriver directly...
..
Finished in 5.55 seconds
2 tests, 2 assertions, 0 failures

当我在linux机器上运行它，或者一个TeamCity作业试图运行它时，它失败了：

./node_modules/protractor/bin/protractor protractor.conf.js

Using ChromeDriver directly...

/usr/share/TeamCity/buildAgent/work/57bd89f9c9abb5d5/webapp/node_modules/protractor/node_modules/selenium-webdriver/http/util.js:87
          Error('Timed out waiting for the WebDriver server at ' + url));
          ^
Error: Timed out waiting for the WebDriver server at http://127.0.0.1:52959/
    at Error (<anonymous>)
    at onResponse (/usr/share/TeamCity/buildAgent/work/57bd89f9c9abb5d5/webapp/node_modules/protractor/node_modules/selenium-webdriver/http/util.js:87:11)
    at /usr/share/TeamCity/buildAgent/work/57bd89f9c9abb5d5/webapp/node_modules/protractor/node_modules/selenium-webdriver/http/util.js:42:21
    at /usr/share/TeamCity/buildAgent/work/57bd89f9c9abb5d5/webapp/node_modules/protractor/node_modules/selenium-webdriver/lib/webdriver/http/http.js:96:5
    at ClientRequest.<anonymous> (/usr/share/TeamCity/buildAgent/work/57bd89f9c9abb5d5/webapp/node_modules/protractor/node_modules/selenium-webdriver/http/index.js:136:7)
    at ClientRequest.EventEmitter.emit (events.js:95:17)
    at Socket.socketErrorListener (http.js:1547:9)
    at Socket.EventEmitter.emit (events.js:95:17)
    at net.js:440:14
    at process._tickCallback (node.js:415:13)
==== async task ====
WebDriver.createSession()
    at Function.webdriver.WebDriver.acquireSession_ (/usr/share/TeamCity/buildAgent/work/57bd89f9c9abb5d5/webapp/node_modules/protractor/node_modules/selenium-webdriver/lib/webdriver/webdriver.js:131:49)
    at Function.webdriver.WebDriver.createSession (/usr/share/TeamCity/buildAgent/work/57bd89f9c9abb5d5/webapp/node_modules/protractor/node_modules/selenium-webdriver/lib/webdriver/webdriver.js:111:30)

尝试解决：

我已经研究过this issue，但独立的webdriver服务器不是解决方案。

我看过this issue，但我的selenium-wedriver版本是2.42.1，所以，不是同一个bug。

版本：

$ node --version
v0.10.26

$ ./node_modules/protractor/bin/protractor --version
Version 1.0.0

$ uname -mrs
Linux 3.11.0-15-generic x86_64

进度更新：

试图让chrome-webdriver的版本暴露出一个问题：

$ ./node_modules/protractor/selenium/chromedriver --version
./node_modules/protractor/selenium/chromedriver: error while loading shared libraries: libnss3.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

由此我得出结论，这是一个依赖问题，并发现Selenium requires Chrome。(more)。

我使用steps like this在Linux机器上安装了Chrome

sudo apt-get install libxss1 libappindicator1 libindicator7
sudo wget https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i google-chrome*.deb

这并不完全像那样工作，但是经过几次依赖关系和sudo apt-get install的来回转换，我想我已经安装了Chrome：

$ google-chrome --version
Google Chrome 36.0.1985.143 

这使得chromedriver版本能够工作：

$ ./node_modules/protractor/selenium/chromedriver --version
ChromeDriver 2.10.267518

但是，运行Protractor仍然不起作用：

$ ./node_modules/protractor/bin/protractor protractor.conf.js
Using ChromeDriver directly...

/usr/share/TeamCity/buildAgent/work/57bd89f9c9abb5d5/webapp/node_modules/protractor/node_modules/selenium-webdriver/lib/atoms/error.js:109
  var template = new Error(this.message);
                 ^
UnknownError: unknown error: Chrome failed to start: exited abnormally
  (Driver info: chromedriver=2.10.267518,platform=Linux 3.11.0-15-generic x86_64)
    at new bot.Error (/usr/share/TeamCity/buildAgent/work/57bd89f9c9abb5d5/webapp/node_modules/protractor/node_modules/selenium-webdriver/lib/atoms/error.js:109:18)
    at Object.bot.response.checkResponse (/usr/share/TeamCity/buildAgent/work/57bd89f9c9abb5d5/webapp/node_modules/protractor/node_modules/selenium-webdriver/lib/atoms/response.js:106:9)

Answer 1

你需要能够无头运行Chrome或Firefox，为此你需要配置Xvfb，否则在没有合适的$DISPLAY的情况下Chrome将无法启动。

你也可以使用PhantomJS，但这对e2e测试有什么好处呢，因为它不是一个真正的浏览器。

这就是我在连续测试中成功使用的：https://github.com/elgalu/docker-selenium

Answer 2

我也遇到了同样的问题，在安装unity-gtk3-module之后问题就解决了！

yum install unity-gtk3-module

Installing:
 PackageKit-gtk3-module                                      
 Updating:                                                          
Installing for dependencies:
 PackageKit-glib                                                 
 adwaita-cursor-theme                                          
 adwaita-icon-theme                                             
 at-spi2-atk                                                   
 at-spi2-core                                                   
 cairo-gobject                                                  
 colord-libs                                                    
 gtk3                                                            
 json-glib                                                       
 libXevie                                                       
 libgusb                                                  
 rest                                                           
 Updating for dependencies:
 glib2

我希望这能帮到你