无法在XCTest中从UIStoryboard转换自定义UIViewController

Question

在Swift，Xcode6-Beta5中，我试图对我的"ViewController“进行单元测试，这不是一个很有创意的名字。

从其他响应来看，我认为我没有正确配置我的"Tests“目标。

失败的测试代码：

  func testItShouldLoadFromStoryboard() {

    var storyBoard: UIStoryboard?
    var anyVC: AnyObject?
    var viewController: ViewController?
    var uiViewController: UIViewController?

    storyBoard = UIStoryboard(name:"Main", bundle: nil)
    XCTAssert(storyBoard != nil, "Test Not Configured Properly")

    anyVC = storyBoard?.instantiateInitialViewController()
    viewController = anyVC  as? ViewController
    // Failing Assertion 
    XCTAssert(viewController != nil, "Test Not Configured Properly")

    uiViewController = anyVC as? UIViewController
    XCTAssert(uiViewController != nil, "Test Not Configured Properly")

  }

我可以用下面的几行代码来强制强制转换：

anyVC = storyBoard?.instantiateInitialViewController()
viewController = (anyVC != nil) ? (anyVC  as ViewController) : nil

但这导致了以下崩溃：

libswiftCore.dylib`swift_dynamicCastClassUnconditional:
0x10724f5a0:  pushq  %rbp
0x10724f5a1:  movq   %rsp, %rbp
0x10724f5a4:  pushq  %r14
0x10724f5a6:  pushq  %rbx
0x10724f5a7:  movq   %rsi, %rbx
0x10724f5aa:  movq   %rdi, %r14
0x10724f5ad:  testq  %r14, %r14
0x10724f5b0:  je     0x10724f5de               ; swift_dynamicCastClassUnconditional + 62
0x10724f5b2:  movabsq $-0x7fffffffffffffff, %rax
0x10724f5bc:  andq   %r14, %rax
0x10724f5bf:  jne    0x10724f5de               ; swift_dynamicCastClassUnconditional + 62
0x10724f5c1:  movq   %r14, %rdi
0x10724f5c4:  callq  0x107279a6e               ; symbol stub for: object_getClass
0x10724f5c9:  nopl   (%rax)
0x10724f5d0:  cmpq   %rbx, %rax
0x10724f5d3:  je     0x10724f5ed               ; swift_dynamicCastClassUnconditional + 77
0x10724f5d5:  movq   0x8(%rax), %rax
0x10724f5d9:  testq  %rax, %rax
0x10724f5dc:  jne    0x10724f5d0               ; swift_dynamicCastClassUnconditional + 48
0x10724f5de:  leaq   0x3364d(%rip), %rax       ; "Swift dynamic cast failed"
0x10724f5e5:  movq   %rax, 0xa456c(%rip)       ; gCRAnnotations + 8
0x10724f5ec:  int3   
0x10724f5ed:  movq   %r14, %rax
0x10724f5f0:  popq   %rbx
0x10724f5f1:  popq   %r14
0x10724f5f3:  popq   %rbp
0x10724f5f4:  retq   
0x10724f5f5:  nopw   %cs:(%rax,%rax)

我还成功地直接实例化了ViewController，但这不会进行IBOutlet处理，这是我测试的目的之一，以确保我不会通过重命名事物、删除Storyboard编辑器中的连接或我发现的许多其他破坏事物的方法来破坏链接……

编辑-我从一个全新的项目开始，选择iOS应用程序->单视图应用程序模板。

将testExample替换为如下所示的代码，将ViewController添加到测试目标。类似的结果。这个模板只有一个ViewController类型的视图控制器，在故事板中没有其他东西。

  func testExample() {


      var storyBoard: UIStoryboard?
      var anyVC: AnyObject?
      var viewController: ViewController?

      storyBoard = UIStoryboard(name:"Main", bundle: nil)
      XCTAssert(storyBoard != nil, "Test Not Configured Properly")

      anyVC = storyBoard?.instantiateInitialViewController()
      viewController = anyVC as? ViewController
      XCTAssert(viewController != nil, "Test Not Configured Properly")

      // This is an example of a functional test case.
      XCTAssert(true, "Pass")

    }

在设置了anyVC的值之后，在断点处输出以下lldb：

(lldb) po anyVC
(instance_type = Builtin.RawPointer = 0x00007fe22c92a290 -> 0x000000010e20bd80 (void *)0x000000010e20bea0: OBJC_METACLASS_$__TtC22TestingViewControllers14ViewController)
 {
  instance_type = 0x00007fe22c92a290 -> 0x000000010e20bd80 (void *)0x000000010e20bea0: OBJC_METACLASS_$__TtC22TestingViewControllers14ViewController
} 

Answer 1

我想出了一个比公开一切更好的解决方案。实际上，您只需要使用来自测试包的故事板，而不是使用nil (强制它来自主目标的包)。

var storyboard: UIStoryboard = UIStoryboard(name: "Main", bundle: NSBundle(forClass: self.dynamicType))
vc = storyboard.instantiateViewControllerWithIdentifier("LoginVC") as LoginViewController
vc.loadView()

Answer 2

感谢@Derrik Hathaway提供的解决方案的关键。应用程序和测试目标是不同的模块。

我的应用程序使用了一个不合适的名称TestingViewControllers来纠正这个问题，我做了以下更改，并在应用程序代码中将ViewController设为public类。

将这一行添加到测试用例中：

import TestingViewControllers

将测试用例更改为：

func testExample() {


  var storyBoard: UIStoryboard?
  var anyVC: AnyObject?
  var viewController: TestingViewControllers.ViewController?

  storyBoard = UIStoryboard(name:"Main", bundle: nil)
  XCTAssert(storyBoard != nil, "Test Not Configured Properly")

  anyVC = storyBoard?.instantiateInitialViewController()
  viewController = anyVC as? TestingViewControllers.ViewController
  XCTAssert(viewController != nil, "Test Not Configured Properly")

  // This is an example of a functional test case.
  XCTAssert(true, "Pass")

}

测试用例通过

Answer 3

你设置storyboardID了吗?如果你设置了，你可以像这样转换它。

您还需要将视图控制器类重命名为，例如，此处为MyAppViewController，生成主情节提要，使用它而不是标准的视图控制器类，然后将storyboardID设置为例如MyappVC

  var sut : MyAppViewController!

override func setUp() {
    super.setUp()

    // get a reference to storyboard and the correct
    // viewcontroller inside it. Remember to add
    // storyboardID in this case "MyappVC"


    let StoryBoard = UIStoryboard.init(name: "Main", bundle: nil)
    sut = StoryBoard.instantiateViewControllerWithIdentifier("Myapp VC")as!
    CalculatorViewController

    //trigger viewDidLoad()
    _ = sut.view