blocks|key|200457|text|据我所知，在多个环境中进行应用程序测试是虚拟化的一个明显用途。在其他操作系统上测试您的应用程序(不需要额外的物理计算机)，以及涉及通常只允许您在给定计算机上安装单个版本的软件(例如Internet+Explorer浏览器；在同一台计算机上同时运行IE6和IE7不是官方支持的配置)的测试，都是使用虚拟机的好选择。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|200458|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

Application testing in multiple environments is one obvious use of virtualization that I'm aware of. Testing your application on other operating systems (without requiring additional physical computers to do so), as well as testing that involves software that generally only allows you to install a single version on a given machine (such as the Internet Explorer browser; running both IE6 and IE7 on the same machine is not an officially supported configuration), are good candidates for virtual machine usage.

blocks|key|3981083|text|如果您的构建服务器在VM中运行，您可以为每个软件版本创建它的快照，以便100%25确定您可以重新创建构建环境(例如，如果您想要为旧版本打补丁)。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|3981084|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

If your build-server is running in a VM, you can make a snapshots of it for every software release in order to be 100% sure that you can recreate the build environment (in case you want to make patches to old releases, for example).

blocks|key|3980869|text|如果您设置了开发环境的快照(并对其进行了备份)，那么在您的计算机发生故障时，可以非常容易地恢复生产力。当您的机器在发布之前出现故障时-您可以立即恢复所有工具的安装和配置，它可以是救命稻草。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|3980870|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

If you set up snapshots of your development environment (and back them up) it can be very easy to resume productivity if your computer breaks down. When your machine breaks down right before your release - and you can resume immediately with all your tools installed and configured, it can be a lifesaver.

blocks|key|3980843|text|适用于我目前情况的最简单的情况是，我们有一个复杂的客户端-服务器环境，通过虚拟化，每个开发人员都可以非常快速地获得一组基准操作系统，以将其本地构建部署到并验证端到端功能。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|3980844|在本地，你有你的开发箱和N个客户机箱，每次你想要尝试构建时，它们都会被重新初始化为新的OSes。从本质上讲，这是一个相当于“清理”的测试环境，在这个环境中，甚至连客户端工作站都会被新的操作系统所取代。|3980845|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|F|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|G|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|E|$]]

The simplest case which applies to my current situation is that we have a complex client-server environment and with virtualization every developer can very quickly get a baseline set of operating systems to deploy their local build to and verify end to end functionality.

Locally you have your dev box, and N client boxes which get re-initialized as fresh OSes each time you want to try a build. Essentially it's the test environment equivalent of a 'make clean' where even the client workstation gets replaced with a new OS.

blocks|key|200555|text|对于虚拟化来说，在团队成员之间快速分配环境是一个非常好的用例，特别是当您有许多不同的组件、工具等时。这可以为您节省大量与新员工、承包商或其他快速需要环境的人员在一起的时间。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|200556|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

Quickly distributing environments between team members is a very nice use case to for virtualization especially if you have a lot of various components, tools, etc.. This can save you a ton of time with new hires, contractors, or other individuals who need an environment quickly.

blocks|key|701637|text|许多演示者使用VM进行演示-它允许他们立即恢复以重置第二天的演示文稿，在计算机之间快速传输所有演示材料，而不必向与会者显示凌乱的My+Documents文件夹。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|701638|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

Many presenters use a VM for presentations - it allows them to revert immediately to reset the presentation for the next day, transfer all presentation materials quickly between computers, and not have to show your attendees your messy My Documents folder.

blocks|key|3980959|text|将虚拟化用于销售活动也是一个很好的用例。您可以在特定时间拍摄快照，并将其保存为演示基线。然后，一旦您运行完演示并更改了数据等，您就可以恢复到以前的基准，以便将来进行演示。您还可以捕获多个基线，并挑选最适合即将到来的演示的基线。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|3980960|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

Using virtualization for sales activities is also a great use case. You can take a snapshot at a particular time that you can save as your demo baseline. Then once you run through the demonstration and change the data, etc. you can restore back to your previous baseline for future demonstrations. You can also capture multiple baselines and pick and choose which baseline best fits the upcoming demo.

blocks|key|200664|text|测试环境。如果您有多个系统需要针对的设置(例如Windows+&+Linux、XP和Vista)，那么具有大量内存和VMWare+(或其他)的计算机是管理环境的好方法。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|200665|另一个是在一个系统上进行开发，并针对另一个系统进行开发。例如，有一次我在一个运行Linux的工作站上做了一些J2EE工作，其中的客户端是5.5。安装了Windows+2000和IE+5.5的虚拟机将允许我测试该应用程序。|200666|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|F|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|G|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|E|$]]

Test environments. If you have more than one setup that a system needs to be targeted for (e.g. Windows &amp; Linux, XP &amp; Vista) then a machine with lots of RAM and VMWare (or on of the others) is a good way to manage the environments.

Another is developing on one system and targeting another. For example, at one point I did some J2EE work on a workstation running Linux where the client was I.E. 5.5. A VM with Windows 2000 and IE 5.5 would let me test the application.

blocks|key|3981061|text|我使用虚拟机进行开发的原因。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|3981062|由于计算机硬件故障(+computer+hardware+failure/upgrade.|3981063|Ability+)，|unordered-list-item|3981064|隔离不同的开发恢复，以便在某些东西损坏时回滚对开发环境的更改。|3981065|3981066|3981067|目前，我正在使用VirtualBox进行VM设置。我曾经使用过VirtualPC，但我真的讨厌没有任何类型的“快照”功能(就像VMware和VirtualBox那样)。|3981068|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|G|3|H|5|F|7|R|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|-4|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|J|3|-4|5|6|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|V|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|N|$]]

Reasons I use virtual machines for development.

<ul>
<li>Isolate different development environments.</li>
<li>Testing environments.</li>
<li>Easy recovery due to computer hardware failure/upgrade.</li>
<li>Ability to "roll-back" changes to your development environment if something corrupts it.</li>
</ul>

Currently, I am using VirtualBox for my VM setup. I used to use VirtualPC, but I REALLY hated not having any type of "snapshot" feature (like VMware and VirtualBox have).

blocks|key|200764|text|我们开发的软件用于我们的SaaS应用程序，我们的生产环境有大量的服务器，它们的软件环境需要绝对可预测；我们不能额外安装任何东西，或者在我们的开发机器上不安装任何东西。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|200765|此外，我们的应用程序需要许多不同的服务器类型才能正常工作(我上次统计至少有7种)；大多数情况下，它们不能安装在同一(虚拟机)机器上-至少，不能在不违反“与生产相同的软件”要求的情况下安装。|200766|为了拥有一致的环境，有必要使用VM。我不知道没有他们的人是怎么过的。|200767|快照和回滚也很好，但我只是偶尔使用它们(在安装/升级测试期间非常有用)。|200768|假设您正在开发新版本的软件，并检查从先前版本的升级是否正常工作……在不能回滚的情况下执行一个测试周期需要多长时间？您是否必须重新安装操作系统，然后再重新安装旧版本？你能保证卸载真的会卸载所有东西吗？|200769|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|L|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|J|3|-4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|K|$]]

We develop software for use in our SaaS application, our production environment has a large number of servers and their software environment needs to be absolutely predictable; we can't have ANYTHING installed extra, or absent from our development machines.

Moreover, our application requires a number of different server types in order to function properly (at least 7 last time I counted); mostly they can't be installed on the same (virtual) machine - at least, not without violating the "same software as production" requirement.

In order to have a consistent environment, it's necessary to use VMs. I don't know how anyone ever manages without them.

Snapshots and rollbacks are nice too, but I use them only occasionally (really useful during installation / upgrade tests).

Suppose you're developing a new version of your software, and checking that the upgrade from the previous version works correctly... how long does it take to do a test cycle without being able to rollback the box? Do you have to reinstall the OS then the old version? Can you guarantee that the uninstall really uninstalls everything?

blocks|key|693220|text|能够测试/重新测试您的部署过程是一个巨大的节省。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|693221|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

Being able to test/retest your deployment process is a huge savings.

blocks|key|3981199|text|令我惊讶的是，没有人提到VMware记录/重放特性(awesome+video+demo)，它非常适合调试。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|3981200|我有一个运行ESXi的无头服务器，它运行各种机器来构建安装程序(因此我不必放弃桌面上的处理能力)、自动化测试(服务器比任何桌面都快)和各种测试环境(大约20种不同的配置)，以便支持团队可以轻松地跳到与客户系统紧密匹配的配置上。|3981201|当您有一个真正强大的服务器运行VM，可以在支持，测试和开发团队之间共享时，您将带来巨大的成本节约。总而言之，我们在5-10个人之间共享的ESXi+(双四核至强2.5G+%2B8+8Gb内存)上运行了大约25个虚拟机，一些开发人员使用Virtual+PC，然后我在桌面上使用VMware工作站。这里的所有Mac用户也都使用VMware融合|3981202|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://e.blip.tv/scripts/flash/showplayer.swf?file=http://blip.tv/rss/flash/1057363^0|Q|I|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@$A|Q|B|R|1|S]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|H|3|-4|5|6|7|V|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|I|$J|$5|K|L|M|C|$N|O]]]]

I'm suprised that nobody has mentioned the VMware record/replay feature (<a href="http://e.blip.tv/scripts/flash/showplayer.swf?file=http://blip.tv/rss/flash/1057363" rel="nofollow noreferrer">awesome video demo</a>) which is great for debugging.

I have a headless server running ESXi which runs various machines for building installers (so I don't have to give up processing power on my desktop), automated testing (server is faster than any desktop) and various test environments (about 20 different configurations) so that the support team can easily jump onto a configuration that closely matches a customers system.

When you have one really beefy server running VMs that can be shared between support, test and dev teams, you introduce huge cost savings. In all, we're running ~25 VMs on ESXi (dual-quad core Xeon 2.5G + 8Gb RAM) shared between 5-10 people, some of the developers use Virtual PC and then I use VMware Workstation on my desktop. All of the Mac users here use VMware Fusion as well

blocks|key|3981238|text|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|3981239|为不同版本的Microsoft+Office开发外接程序(使用Visual+Studio+Tools+for+Office)。|unordered-list-item|3981240|3981241|我的主要工作机器是Office2007。当我使用Office2003的外接程序时，我使用带有Visual+Studio和Office2003的虚拟机。|3981242|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|-4|4|5|6|I|7|@]|8|@]|9|$]]|$1|A|3|B|4|C|6|J|7|@]|8|@]|9|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|4|5|6|K|7|@]|8|@]|9|$]]|$1|E|3|F|4|5|6|L|7|@]|8|@]|9|$]]|$1|G|3|-4|4|5|6|M|7|@]|8|@]|9|$]]]|H|$]]

<ul>
<li>Developing Add-Ins for different versions of Microsoft Office (using Visual Studio Tools for Office).</li>
</ul>

My main work machine has Office 2007. When I work with Add-Ins for Office 2003 I use a virtual machine with Visual Studio and Office 2003.

blocks|key|3981294|text|令我惊讶的是，没有人提到通过隔离不同虚拟机中的数据库服务器和web服务器来提高安全性的好处。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|3981295|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

I am surprised that no one has mentioned the benefit of increased security by isolating, for example, the database server and web server in different VM's.

blocks|key|3980818|text|一些服务器应用程序也可以使用VM。当一个虚拟机使用不多时，服务器可以将资源定位到其他虚拟机。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|3980819|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

Some server applications can use VMs too. When one vm is not used much, the server can locate the resources to other vms.

blocks|key|2613646|text|某种测试环境:如果您正在调试恶意软件(编写或开发针对它的药丸)，那么使用真实的OS是不明智的。唯一可能的缺点是病毒可以检测到它们正在虚拟化中运行。:(这样做的可能性之一是因为VM引擎可以模拟有限的硬件集。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|2613647|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

Some sort of test environment: if you are debugging malware (either writing or developing a pill against it) it is not clever to use the real OS. The only possible disadvantage is that the viruses can detect that they are being run in the virtualization. :( One of the possibilities to do it is because the VM engines can emulate a finite set of hardware.

What are the key use cases for the use of virtualization -- that is, running one or more "virtual PCs" using software such as <a href="http://www.vmware.com/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">VMWare</a> and <a href="http://www.microsoft.com/windows/products/winfamily/virtualpc/default.mspx" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Microsoft Virtual PC</a> -- for software development?

Also -- are there other instances/uses of virtualization that aren't covered by my definition above (use of a tool like MS Virtual PC or VMWare), and that are useful to developers?

My impetus for asking is this <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/171946/computer-upgrade-cycle#171978">StackOverflow comment</a> by <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/users/9664/metro-smurf">Metro Smurf</a> asserting "You'll wonder how you ever developed without it!", regarding use of virtualization.

(Please include just one use case per response. Thanks!)

What are the key use cases for use of virtualization in software development?

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使用虚拟化进行软件开发的关键用例是什么--即使用和等软件运行一台或多台“虚拟PC”？还有--是否有我上面的定义没有涵盖的虚拟化的其他实例/用途(使用MS Virtual PC或VMWare等工具)，并且对开发人员有用？我问这个问题的动力是的这篇，关于虚拟化的使用，他断言“你会想知道没有它你是如何开发的！”(请在每个响应中只包含一个用例。谢谢！)

问在软件开发中使用虚拟化的关键用例是什么？
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问在软件开发中使用虚拟化的关键用例是什么？EN

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问在软件开发中使用虚拟化的关键用例是什么？
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