好的,我正在尝试从文件中的值制作一个垂直条形图。下面的代码可以正常工作,并且水平打印,但是每行有一个星号,这意味着有空格(很明显)。不是在寻找一个填鸭式的答案,只是在正确的方向上推动。
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int counter;
cout<<"Please enter a number"<< "\n";
counter=0;
char *fname = "C:/Users/Jordan Moffat/Desktop/coursework/problem2.txt";
int x;
ifstream infile(fname);
while (infile >> x)
{
if (x==0 && x<=10){
cout<<"*"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\n";
}
else if (x>=10 && x<=20){
cout<<"\t"<<"*"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\n";
}
else if (x>=20 && x<=30){
cout<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"*"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\n";
}
else if (x>=30 && x<=40){
cout<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"*"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\n";
}
else if (x>= 40 && x<=50){
cout<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"*"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\n";
}
else if (x>=50 && x<=60){
cout<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"*"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\n";
}
else if (x>=60 && x<=70){
cout<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"*"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\n";
}
else if (x>=70 && x<=80){
cout<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"*"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\n";
}
else if (x>=80 && x<=90){
cout<<"*"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"*"<<"\t"<<"\n";
}
else if (x>=90 && x<=100){
cout<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"\t"<<"*"<<"\n";
}
}
cout<<"====================================================================================="<< "\n";
cout<<"0-9"<<"10-19"<<"20-29"<<"30-39"<<"40-49"<<"50-59"<<"60-69"<<"70-79"<<"80-89"<<"90-100"<<"\n";
system("PAUSE");
}发布于 2012-04-03 17:45:09
你有两个问题。显然,你想要构建一个直方图,并且你想要可视化这个直方图。
直方图构建直方图的一种方法要求您预先指定柱状图的数量(均匀宽度)、最小值(包含)和最大值(非包含)。然后,您可以计算每个项目应分配到的bin的索引。
下面是一个(未经测试的)示例:
const int nbins = 10;
const double minval = .0, maxval = 100.;
std::vector<int> bins(nbins, 0);
for (double x; infile >> x; ) {
if (x >= minval && x < maxval) {
// note that integer rounding is probably towards zero, not towards -inf
int idx = floor((x-minval)/(maxval-minval)*nbins);
bins[idx]++;
}
else {
// handle outlier
}
}可视化 this answer中描述的方法似乎是合适的。对于较大的bin计数,您可能需要一些标准化过程,即将值缩放到[0,10]或类似的范围。
看一下这个(未经测试的)示例:
const int chart_height = 10;
const int max_count = *std::max_element(bins.begin(), bins.end());
for (int current_height = chart_height; current_height > 0; --current_height) {
for (int count : bins) {
const int bar_height = (count*chart_height)/max_count;
if (bar_height < current_height)
std::cout << " "; // we're still above the bar
else if (bar_height == current_height)
std::cout << " _ "; // reached the top of the bar
else // bar_height > current_height
std::cout << " | | "; // now the rest of the bar ...
}
std::cout << '\n';
}通过一点小技巧和格式化,您还可以对其进行扩展,以生成边界灵活的可视化效果,如this
11 | _______ _______
| | | | |
| | | | |
| | | | |
| | | | | _______
5 | | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | _______
| _______ | | | | | | _______ | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
+------v----------v----------v----------v----------v----------v-----
3.7 - 4.3 4.3 - 4.9 4.9 - 5.6 5.6 - 6.2 6.2 - 6.8 6.8 - 7.4 发布于 2012-04-03 14:40:47
您应该将数据读取到std::vector中
使用两个嵌套循环:
变量循环遍历vector,如果
(linecount-linenumber)*10,则打印" ",否则打印" "如果您的数据从0到100,则linecount应为10。
linenumber是第一个循环中的循环变量
我不清楚您的数据在文件中是如何组织的。如果您的数据文件中没有指定每列应该有多少个*的值,那么您应该首先计算该值。
发布于 2012-04-03 16:27:21
要垂直制作条形图,您需要:
这里我假设步骤1和2已经完成,只是显示了一些细节上的循环和注解(注意代码没有使用min和循环从0开始)
int values[] = {2,5,1,9,3}, cols = 5, max = 9;
for (int r = 0; r < max; ++r) {
for (int c = 0; c < cols; ++c)
cout << (r + values[c] >= max ? '*' : ' ');
cout << endl;
}下面是输出
*
*
*
*
* *
* *
* **
** **
*****https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9988196
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