FILE数组*通过函数: FILE*还是FILE**？

Question

我正在试着做一个可以同时处理几个不同文件的程序。我的想法是创建一个20个文件*的数组，以便在我达到这个限制时，能够关闭其中一个文件并打开所请求的新文件。为此，我想到了一个函数，它选择一个选项，然后调用另一个选项来完成保存(写入)、关闭和打开的工作。经过半个星期的网络搜索和一些验证，我制作了两个似乎有效的版本:一个是FILE*，另一个是FILE**。

我的问题是:如果其中一些函数有我无法检测到的错误，或者在传递这两个函数时指针使用不当。

(我显示的代码依次包含这两个函数的两个版本。)

MyProgram() {

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>

/* The contents of myFile1a.dat, myFile2b.dat,... are just 5 ints. */


/* Version without pointer to pointer. */
void fReadFile(FILE* pfFile[]) {
    int i = 0, j = 0;
    int iNums[15] = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
    int iNums2[15] = {5001, 5002, 5003, 5004, 5005, 2033, 2066, 2099, 2133, 2166, 3001, 3002, 3003, 3004, 3005};
    char cNameFile4d[32] = "myFile4d.dat", cNameFile5e[32] = "myFile5e.dat";   
    char cNameFile6f[32] = "myFile6f.dat";
    char cNameFile[32] = {" "};
    int iResultFclose = 0;

    for(i=0; i<5; i++) {
        fread(&iNums[i], 4, 1, pfFile[0]);
        printf("\n%d",iNums[i]);
    }
    for(i=5; i<10; i++) {
        fread(&iNums[i], 4, 1, pfFile[1]);
        printf("\n%d",iNums[i]);
    }
    for(i=10; i<15; i++) {
        fread(&iNums[i], 4, 1, pfFile[2]);
        printf("\n%d", iNums[i]);
    }

    iResultFclose = fclose(pfFile[0]);
    if (iResultFclose != 0)
        puts("Error closing the file 0.");
    iResultFclose = fclose(pfFile[1]);
    if (iResultFclose != 0)
        puts("Error closing the file 1.");
    iResultFclose = fclose(pfFile[2]);
    if (iResultFclose != 0)
        puts("Error closing the file 2.");

    strcpy(cNameFile, cNameFile4d);
    pfFile[0] = fopen(cNameFile, "wb");
    for(i=0; i<5; i++)
        fwrite(&iNums2[i], 4, 1, pfFile[0]);
    strcpy(cNameFile, cNameFile5e);
    pfFile[1] = fopen(cNameFile, "wb");
    for(i=5; i<10; i++)
        fwrite(&iNums2[i], 4, 1, pfFile[1]);
    strcpy(cNameFile, cNameFile6f);
    pfFile[2] = fopen(cNameFile, "wb");
    for(i=10; i<15; i++)
        fwrite(&iNums2[i], 4, 1, pfFile[2]);

    iResultFclose = fclose(pfFile[0]);
    if (iResultFclose != 0)
        puts("Error closing the file 0.");
    iResultFclose = fclose(pfFile[1]);
    if (iResultFclose != 0)
        puts("Error closing the file 1.");
    iResultFclose = fclose(pfFile[2]);
    if (iResultFclose != 0)
        puts("Error closing the file 2.");

    strcpy(cNameFile, cNameFile4d);
    pfFile[0] = fopen(cNameFile, "rb");
    strcpy(cNameFile, cNameFile5e);
    pfFile[1] = fopen(cNameFile, "rb");
    strcpy(cNameFile, cNameFile6f);
    pfFile[2] = fopen(cNameFile, "rb");

    for(i=0; i<5; i++) {
        fread(&iNums[i], 4, 1, pfFile[0]);
        printf("\n%d",iNums[i]);
    }
    for(i=5; i<10; i++) {
        fread(&iNums[i], 4, 1, pfFile[1]);
        printf("\n%d",iNums[i]);
    }
    for(i=10; i<15; i++) {
        fread(&iNums[i], 4, 1, pfFile[2]);
        printf("\n%d", iNums[i]);
    }

    iResultFclose = fclose(pfFile[0]);
    if (iResultFclose != 0)
        puts("Error closing the file 0.");
    iResultFclose = fclose(pfFile[1]);
    if (iResultFclose != 0)
        puts("Error closing the file 0.");
    iResultFclose = fclose(pfFile[2]);
    if (iResultFclose != 0)
        puts("Error closing the file 0.");
}

/* Version with pointer to pointer. */
void fReadFile(FILE** pfFile[]) {
    int i = 0, j = 0;

    int iNums[15] = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
    int iNums2[15] = {5001, 5002, 5003, 5004, 5005, 2033, 2066, 2099, 2133, 2166, 3001, 3002, 3003, 3004, 3005};
    char cNameFile4d[32] = "myFile4d.dat", cNameFile5e[32] = "myFile5e.dat", cNameFile6f[32] = "myFile6f.dat";
    char cNameFile[32] = {" "};
    int iResultFclose = 0;

    for(i=0; i<5; i++) {
        fread(&iNums[i], 4, 1, (*pfFile)[0]);
        printf("\n%d",iNums[i]);
    }
    for(i=5; i<10; i++) {
        fread(&iNums[i], 4, 1, (*pfFile)[1]);
        printf("\n%d",iNums[i]);
    }
    for(i=10; i<15; i++) {
        fread(&iNums[i], 4, 1, (*pfFile)[2]);
        printf("\n%d", iNums[i]);
    }

    iResultFclose = fclose((*pfFile)[0]);
    if (iResultFclose != 0)
        puts("Error closing the file 0.");
    iResultFclose = fclose((*pfFile)[1]);
    if (iResultFclose != 0)
        puts("Error closing the file 1.");
        iResultFclose = fclose((*pfFile)[2]);
    if (iResultFclose != 0)
        puts("Error closing the file 2.");

    strcpy(cNameFile, cNameFile4d);
    (*pfFile)[0] = fopen(cNameFile, "wb");
    for(i=0; i<5; i++)
        fwrite(&iNums2[i], 4, 1, (*pfFile)[0]);
    strcpy(cNameFile, cNameFile5e);
    (*pfFile)[1] = fopen(cNameFile, "wb");
    for(i=5; i<10; i++)
        fwrite(&iNums2[i], 4, 1, (*pfFile)[1]);
    strcpy(cNameFile, cNameFile6f);
    (*pfFile)[2] = fopen(cNameFile, "wb");
    for(i=10; i<15; i++)
        fwrite(&iNums2[i], 4, 1, (*pfFile)[2]);

    iResultFclose = fclose((*pfFile)[0]);
    if (iResultFclose != 0)
        puts("Error closing the file 0.");
    iResultFclose = fclose((*pfFile)[1]);
    if (iResultFclose != 0)
        puts("Error closing the file 1.");
    iResultFclose = fclose((*pfFile)[2]);
    if (iResultFclose != 0)
        puts("Error closing the file 2.");

    strcpy(cNameFile, cNameFile4d);
    (*pfFile)[0] = fopen(cNameFile, "rb");
    strcpy(cNameFile, cNameFile5e);
    (*pfFile)[1] = fopen(cNameFile, "rb");
    strcpy(cNameFile, cNameFile6f);
    (*pfFile)[2] = fopen(cNameFile, "rb");

    for(i=0; i<5; i++) {
        fread(&iNums[i], 4, 1, (*pfFile)[0]);
        printf("\n%d",iNums[i]);
    }
    for(i=5; i<10; i++) {
        fread(&iNums[i], 4, 1, (*pfFile)[1]);
        printf("\n%d",iNums[i]);
    }
    for(i=10; i<15; i++) {
        fread(&iNums[i], 4, 1, (*pfFile)[2]);
        printf("\n%d", iNums[i]);
    }

    iResultFclose = fclose((*pfFile)[0]);
    if (iResultFclose != 0)
        puts("Error closing the file 0.");
    iResultFclose = fclose((*pfFile)[1]);
    if (iResultFclose != 0)
        puts("Error closing the file 0.");
    iResultFclose = fclose((*pfFile)[2]);
    if (iResultFclose != 0)
        puts("Error closing the file 0.");
}

/* Version without "&" in the caller. */
void fOptions(FILE* pfFileOpc[], int option) {
    int i = 0;
    switch (option)
    {
        case 1: {fReadFile(pfFileOpc); break;}
        case 2: {printf("\nHello!\n"); break;}
        default: break;
    }
}

/* Version with "&" in the caller. */
void fOptions(FILE* pfFileOpc[], int option) {
    int i = 0;
    switch (option)
    {
        case 1: {fReadFile(&pfFileOpc); break;}
        case 2: {printf("\nHello!\n"); break;}
        default: break;
    }
}

int main() {
    FILE *pFile[3];
    int i = 0, j = 0, option = 0, iResultFclose = 0;

    char cNameFile[32] = {" "};
    char cNameFile1a[32] = "myFile1a.dat", cNameFile2b[32] = "myFile2b.dat";
    char cNameFile3c[32] = "myFile3c.dat", cNameFile4d[32] = "myFile4d.dat";
    char cNameFile5e[32] = "myFile5e.dat",  cNameFile6f[32] = "myFile6f.dat";

    int iNums[15] = {2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2033, 2066, 2099,  2133, 2166, 3001, 3002, 3003, 3004, 3005};
    int iNums2[15] = {5001, 5002, 5003, 5004, 5005, 2033, 2066, 2099,  2133, 2166, 3001, 3002, 3003, 3004, 3005};

    strcpy(cNameFile, cNameFile1a);
    pFile[0] = fopen(cNameFile, "rb");
    if (!pFile[0])
        puts("Error opening the file1a");
    strcpy(cNameFile, cNameFile2b);
    pFile[1] = fopen(cNameFile, "rb");
    if (!pFile[1])
        puts("Error opening the file2b");
    strcpy(cNameFile, cNameFile3c);
    pFile[2] = fopen(cNameFile, "rb");
    if (!pFile[2])
        puts("Error opening the file3c");

    printf("\nWrite an option: \n");
    scanf("%d", &option);
    fOptions(pFile, option);

    puts("\n\nAnd we foooooolow....... \n\n");

    strcpy(cNameFile, cNameFile1a);
    pFile[0] = fopen(cNameFile, "rb");
    if (!pFile[0])
        puts("Error opening the file1a");
    strcpy(cNameFile, cNameFile2b);
    pFile[1] = fopen(cNameFile, "rb");
    if (!pFile[1])
        puts("Error opening the file2b");
    strcpy(cNameFile, cNameFile3c);
    pFile[2] = fopen(cNameFile, "rb");
    if (!pFile[2])
        puts("Error opening the file3c");

    for(i=0; i<5; i++) {
        fread(&iNums[i], 4, 1, pFile[0]);
        printf("\n%d",iNums[i]);
    }
    for(i=5; i<10; i++) {
        fread(&iNums[i], 4, 1, pFile[1]);
        printf("\n%d",iNums[i]);
    }
    for(i=10; i<15; i++) {
        fread(&iNums[i], 4, 1, pFile[2]);
        printf("\n%d", iNums[i]);
    }

    iResultFclose = fclose(pFile[0]);
    if (iResultFclose != 0)
        puts("Error closing the file 0.");
    iResultFclose = fclose(pFile[1]);
    if (iResultFclose != 0)
        puts("Error closing the file 1.");
    iResultFclose = fclose(pFile[2]);
    if (iResultFclose != 0)
        puts("Error closing the file 2.");

    return 0;
}

}

在此之前，非常感谢您。

Answer 1

单个文件句柄是指向FILE的指针，即FILE *。由于您需要一个包含这些FILE *元素的数组，因此指向该数组的指针是FILE **arr，当用作函数的参数类型时，它等同于FILE *arr[]。