python包安装出现"error:命令'gcc‘失败，退出状态1“

Question

我正在尝试用python2.7在Ubuntu上安装一个名为mlabwrap-1.1的python包。但是，安装失败并报告：

error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1

注意:不久前我更新了numpy，收到了一堆警告，但我不知道这是否与此有关。

那么，问题可能是什么呢？

一些细节

Linux版本3.2.0-49-通用(buildd@komainu) (gcc版本4.6.3 (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.6.3-1ubuntu5) ) #75-Ubuntu SMP Tue Jun 18 17:39:32 UTC 2013

我得到的确切错误是：

[r@b ~/local/mlabwrap-1.1]$ sudo python setup.py install

running install
running build
running build_py
running build_ext
building 'mlabrawmodule' extension
gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -D_V6_5_OR_LATER=1 -I/usr/local/matlab/extern/include -I/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy-1.9.2-py2.7-linux-x86_64.egg/numpy/core/include -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c mlabraw.cpp -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/mlabraw.o
cc1plus: warning: command line option ‘-Wstrict-prototypes’ is valid for Ada/C/ObjC but not for C++ [enabled by default]
In file included from /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy-1.9.2-py2.7-linux-x86_64.egg/numpy/core/include/numpy/ndarraytypes.h:1804:0,
                 from /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy-1.9.2-py2.7-linux-x86_64.egg/numpy/core/include/numpy/ndarrayobject.h:17,
                 from /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy-1.9.2-py2.7-linux-x86_64.egg/numpy/core/include/numpy/arrayobject.h:4,
                 from mlabraw.cpp:136:
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy-1.9.2-py2.7-linux-x86_64.egg/numpy/core/include/numpy/npy_1_7_deprecated_api.h:15:2: warning: #warning "Using deprecated NumPy API, disable it by " "#defining NPY_NO_DEPRECATED_API NPY_1_7_API_VERSION" [-Wcpp]
mlabraw.cpp: In function ‘PyArrayObject* mx2numeric(const mxArray*)’:
mlabraw.cpp:225:34: error: cannot convert ‘const mwSize* {aka const long unsigned int*}’ to ‘const int*’ in assignment
mlabraw.cpp: In function ‘mxArray* makeMxFromNumeric(const PyArrayObject*)’:
mlabraw.cpp:365:93: error: cannot convert ‘int*’ to ‘const mwSize* {aka const long unsigned int*}’ for argument ‘2’ to ‘mxArray* mxCreateNumericArray(mwSize, const mwSize*, mxClassID, mxComplexity)’
mlabraw.cpp: In function ‘mxArray* numeric2mx(PyObject*)’:
mlabraw.cpp:509:54: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to ‘char*’ [-Wwrite-strings]
mlabraw.cpp: In function ‘PyObject* mlabraw_open(PyObject*, PyObject*)’:
mlabraw.cpp:570:16: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to ‘char*’ [-Wwrite-strings]
mlabraw.cpp: In function ‘PyObject* mlabraw_eval(PyObject*, PyObject*)’:
mlabraw.cpp:631:15: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to ‘char*’ [-Wwrite-strings]
mlabraw.cpp:662:66: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to ‘char*’ [-Wwrite-strings]
mlabraw.cpp: In function ‘void initmlabraw()’:
mlabraw.cpp:895:65: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to ‘char*’ [-Wwrite-strings]
error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1

Answer 1

我以前遇到过这种情况，需要安装libevent-dev。

apt-get install libevent-dev

我现在没有办法检查这个，但我认为值得一试。

Answer 2

您正在安装一个需要C扩展的python包，因此它至少需要一个像gcc这样的C编译器。现在，在numpy的特定情况下，我建议使用打包的apt-get install python-numpy，但是如果由于某些原因您不想这样做，我可以使用apt-get build-dep python-numpy安装所有需要的包，然后重新运行安装。由于您看起来像一个python新手，我建议您开始使用virtualenv，而不是全局安装库。