很难让用户选择从数组中的一行输出

Question

我正在尝试一个程序，它接受用户的输入，并根据他们选择的状态输出相关的状态，鸟和花。目前，如果您运行它，它将打印出每个状态和相关信息。但是我尝试让它只打印出1行。任何帮助都是非常感谢的！

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class StateBirdAndFlower {

    private static String state = new String();
    private static final Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
    private static final String[][] fsAndBs = {
        {"Alabama", "Flower: Camelia", "Bird: Northern flicker"},
        {"Alaska", "Flower: Forget-me-not", "Bird: Willow ptarmigan "},
        {"Arizona", "Flower: Saguaro cactus blossom", "Bird: Cactus wren "},
        {"Arkansas", "Flower: Apple blossom", "Bird: Northern mockingbird "},
        {"Califorina", "Flower: Califorina poppy", "Bird: California quail"},
        {"Colorado", "Flower: Rocky Mountian columbine", "Bird: Lark bunting"},
        {"Connecticut", "Flower: Mountain laurel ", "Bird: American robin"},
        {"Delaware", "Flower: Peach blossom", "Bird: Delaware Blue Hen "},
        {"Florida", "Flower: Orange blossom ", "Bird: Northern mockingbird "},
        {"Georgia", "Flower: Cherokee rose ", "Bird: Brown thrasher ", },
        {"Hawaii", "Flower: Hawaiian hibiscus ", "Bird: Nēnē or Hawaiian goose"},
        {"Idaho", "Flower: Syringa, mock orange ", "Bird: Mountain bluebird  "},
        {"Illinois", "Flower: Violet ", "Bird: Northern cardinal "},
        {"Indiana", "Flower: Peony ", "Bird: Northern cardinal "},
        {"Iowa ", "Flower: Wild prairie rose ", "Bird: Eastern goldfinch "},
        {"Kansas", "Flower: Sunflower", "Bird: Western meadowlark"},
        {"Kentucky", "Flower: Goldenrod ", "Bird: Northern cardinal"},
        {"Louisiana", "Flower: Magnolia ",  "Bird: Brown pelican "},
        {"Maine", "Flower: White pine cone and tassel ", "Bird: Black-capped "
            + "chickadee "},
        {"Maryland", "Flower: Black-eyed susan ", "Bird: Baltimore oriole"},
        {"Massachusetts", "Flower: Mayflower ", "Bird: Black-capped chickadee "},
        {"Michigan", "Flower: Apple blossom",  "Bird: American robin "},
        {"Minnesota", "Flower:Pink and white lady's slipper ","Bird: Common loon"},
        {"Mississippi", "Flower: Magnolia", "Bird: Northern mockingbird "},
        {"Missouri", "Flower: Hawthorn", "Bird: Eastern bluebird "},
        {"Montana", "Flower: Bitterroot ", "Bird: Western meadowlark "},
        {"Nebraska", "Flower: Goldenrod", "Bird: Western meadowlark"},
        {"Nevada", "Flower: Sagebrush ", "Bird: Mountain bluebird "},
        {"New Hampshire ", "Flower: Purple lilac ", "Bird: Purple finch "},
        {"New Jersey", "Flower: Violet ", "Bird: Eastern goldfinch "},
        {"New Mexico", "Flower: Yucca flower", "Bird: Roadrunner  "},
        {"New York", "Flower: Rose", "Bird: Eastern bluebird "},
        {"North Carolina", "Flower: Flowering dogwood", "Bird: Northern cardinal "},
        {"North Dakota", "Flower: Wild prairie rose ", "Bird: Western meadowlark "},
        {"Ohio", "Flower: carlet carnation ", "Bird Northern cardinal: "},
        {"Oklahoma", "Flower: Oklahoma rose ",  "Bird: Scissor-tailed flycatcher "},
        {"Oregon", "Flower: Oregon grape ", "Bird: Western meadowlark "},
        {"Pennsylvania", "Flower: Mountain laurel", "Bird: Ruffed grouse"},
        {"Rhode Island", "Flower: Violet", "Bird: Rhode Island Red "},
        {"South Carolina", "Flower: Yellow jessamine ","Bird: Carolina wren", },
        {"South Dakota ", "Flower: Pasque flower ", "Bird: Ring-necked pheasant"},
        {"Tennessee", "Flower: Iris", "Bird: Northern mockingbird ",},
        {"Texas", "Flower: Bluebonnet sp. ", "Bird: Northern mockingbird "},
        {"Utah", "Flower: Sego lily", "Bird: California gull "},
        {"Vermont", "Flower: Red clover ", "Bird: Hermit thrush"},
        {"Virginia", "Flower: American dogwood", "Bird: Northern cardinal"},
        {"Washington", "Flower: Coast rhododendron", "Bird: Willow goldfinch "},
        {"West Virginia", "Flower:Rhododendron", "Bird: Northern cardinal "},
        {"Wisconsin", "Flower: Wood violet ", "Bird: American robin "},
        {"Wyoming", "Flower: Indian paintbrush ", "Bird: Western meadowlark "}};

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        for(int rows = 0; rows < fsAndBs.length; rows++) {
            System.out.println("");

                for(int col = 0; col < fsAndBs[col].length; col++) {
                    System.out.println(fsAndBs[rows][col] + " ");

                }
            }



        do {
            System.out.println("Enter a State or None to Exit");
            state = sc.next();




        } while (!state.equalsIgnoreCase("none"));

        if (state.equalsIgnoreCase("none")) {
            System.out.println("goodbye");
            System.exit(0);
        }

    }

}

Answer 1

在这里使用String[][]可能不是最简单的答案，因为您必须遍历整个数组才能获得您正在寻找的状态。

但这就是解决方案：

private String[] getState(String input){
    for(String [] state: fsAndBs){
        if(state[0].equalsIgnoreCase(input){
            return state;
        }
    }
    // return null if input is not a valid state
    return null;
}

然后只需将String [] stateValues = getState(state)添加到您的main中。

更多的OO解决方案如下所示(它更冗长，但提供了State对象，您可以轻松地传递和使用这些对象，并且比那些可怕的二维数组更具可读性)。

     public class StateBirdAndFlower {

         private static class State {

             private final String name;
             private final String bird;
             private final String flower;

             State(String name, String bird, String flower) {
                 this.name = name;
                 this.bird = bird;
                 this.flower = flower;
             }

             public String getName() {
                 return name;
             }

             public String getBird() {
                 return bird;
             }

             public String getFlower() {
                 return flower;
             }
         }

         private static String stateName = new String();
         private static final Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
         private static Map<String, State> statesMap = new HashMap<String, State>();

         public static void main() {
             setupMap();
             // ... your other code ...

             do{
                 System.out.println("Enter a State or None to Exit");
                 stateName = sc.next();
                 State state = statesMap.get(stateName.toLowerCase());
                 // ... do your thing with the state ...
             } while (!stateName.equalsIgnoreCase("none")); 

             // .. the rest of your code here 
         }

         private static void setupMap() {
             // set up a map entry for each state
             State ala = new State("Alabama","Camelia","Northern flicker");
             statesMap.put(ala.getName().toLowerCase(), ala);
             State alas = new State("Alaska","Forget-me-not","Willow ptarmigan");
             statesMap.put(alas.getName().toLowerCase(), alas);
             // ... etc ...
         }
     }

Answer 2

我找出了我做错了什么。不过还是要感谢大家的帮助

/*文件: StateBirdAndFlowerProgram。*作者: David Cline *日期:2015年2月28日*目的:获取用户输入并将其与数组进行比较，以收集适当的数据进行输出。*用户在希望退出时输入none。*/导入java.util.Scanner；

公共类StateBirdAndFlowerProgram {

 public static void main(String args[]) {

      // Begin Scanner for user input later on
      Scanner input = new Scanner( System.in );

       //Begin array of information
      String[][] states={
                        {"Alabama", "Flower: Camelia", "Bird: Northern flicker"},
                        {"Alaska", "Flower: Forget-me-not", "Bird: Willow ptarmigan "},
                        {"Arizona", "Flower: Saguaro cactus blossom", "Bird: Cactus wren "},
                        {"Arkansas", "Flower: Apple blossom", "Bird: Northern mockingbird "},
                        {"Califorina", "Flower: Califorina poppy", "Bird: California quail"},
                        {"Colorado", "Flower: Rocky Mountian columbine", "Bird: Lark bunting"},
                        {"Connecticut", "Flower: Mountain laurel ", "Bird: American robin"},
                        {"Delaware", "Flower: Peach blossom", "Bird: Delaware Blue Hen "},
                        {"Florida", "Flower: Orange blossom ", "Bird: Northern mockingbird "},
                        {"Georgia", "Flower: Cherokee rose ", "Bird: Brown thrasher ", },
                        {"Hawaii", "Flower: Hawaiian hibiscus ", "Bird: Nēnē or Hawaiian goose"},
                        {"Idaho", "Flower: Syringa, mock orange ", "Bird: Mountain bluebird  "},
                        {"Illinois", "Flower: Violet ", "Bird: Northern cardinal "},
                        {"Indiana", "Flower: Peony ", "Bird: Northern cardinal "},
                        {"Iowa ", "Flower: Wild prairie rose ", "Bird: Eastern goldfinch "},
                        {"Kansas", "Flower: Sunflower", "Bird: Western meadowlark"},
                        {"Kentucky", "Flower: Goldenrod ", "Bird: Northern cardinal"},
                        {"Louisiana", "Flower: Magnolia ",  "Bird: Brown pelican "},
                        {"Maine", "Flower: White pine cone and tassel ", "Bird: Black-capped chickadee "},
                        {"Maryland", "Flower: Black-eyed susan ", "Bird: Baltimore oriole"},
                        {"Massachusetts", "Flower: Mayflower ", "Bird: Black-capped chickadee "},
                        {"Michigan", "Flower: Apple blossom",  "Bird: American robin "},
                        {"Minnesota", "Flower:Pink and white lady's slipper ","Bird: Common loon"},
                        {"Mississippi", "Flower: Magnolia", "Bird: Northern mockingbird "},
                        {"Missouri", "Flower: Hawthorn", "Bird: Eastern bluebird "},
                        {"Montana", "Flower: Bitterroot ", "Bird: Western meadowlark "},
                        {"Nebraska", "Flower: Goldenrod", "Bird: Western meadowlark"},
                        {"Nevada", "Flower: Sagebrush ", "Bird: Mountain bluebird "},
                        {"New Hampshire ", "Flower: Purple lilac ", "Bird: Purple finch "},
                        {"New Jersey", "Flower: Violet ", "Bird: Eastern goldfinch "},
                        {"New Mexico", "Flower: Yucca flower", "Bird: Roadrunner  "},
                        {"New York", "Flower: Rose", "Bird: Eastern bluebird "},
                        {"North Carolina", "Flower: Flowering dogwood", "Bird: Northern cardinal "},
                        {"North Dakota", "Flower: Wild prairie rose ", "Bird: Western meadowlark "},
                        {"Ohio", "Flower: carlet carnation ", "Bird Northern cardinal: "},
                        {"Oklahoma", "Flower: Oklahoma rose ",  "Bird: Scissor-tailed flycatcher "},
                        {"Oregon", "Flower: Oregon grape ", "Bird: Western meadowlark "},
                        {"Pennsylvania", "Flower: Mountain laurel", "Bird: Ruffed grouse"},
                        {"Rhode Island", "Flower: Violet", "Bird: Rhode Island Red "},
                        {"South Carolina", "Flower: Yellow jessamine ","Bird: Carolina wren", },
                        {"South Dakota ", "Flower: Pasque flower ", "Bird: Ring-necked pheasant"},
                        {"Tennessee", "Flower: Iris", "Bird: Northern mockingbird ",},
                        {"Texas", "Flower: Bluebonnet sp. ", "Bird: Northern mockingbird "},
                        {"Utah", "Flower: Sego lily", "Bird: California gull "},
                        {"Vermont", "Flower: Red clover ", "Bird: Hermit thrush"},
                        {"Virginia", "Flower: American dogwood", "Bird: Northern cardinal"},
                        {"Washington", "Flower: Coast rhododendron", "Bird: Willow goldfinch "},
                        {"West Virginia", "Flower:Rhododendron", "Bird: Northern cardinal "},
                        {"Wisconsin", "Flower: Wood violet ", "Bird: American robin "},
                        {"Wyoming", "Flower: Indian paintbrush ", "Bird: Western meadowlark "}};
      // While loop to search through array
      while(true) {

           // Request user input
           System.out.println("Enter a state: ");
           // Capture user input
           String stateName =input.nextLine();
           // exit statement
           if(stateName.equalsIgnoreCase("None"))
                // Exit program
                System.exit(0);

           else {
                // For loop to search through array
                for(int row=0,column=0;row<states.length;row++) {
                     // If statement for matching input string to array data
                     if(states[row][0].equalsIgnoreCase(stateName)) {
                          // Print bird information
                          System.out.println("Bird: " + states[row][column+1]);
                          // Print Flower information
                          System.out.println("Flower: " + states[row][column+2] + "\n");

                     } // end if

                } // end for

           } // end else

      } // end while

 } // end main

} //结束类