调用包安装(Ruby on Rails安装)后出错

Question

我正在尝试初始化一个rails应用程序，我遇到了一些问题。运行时：rails new . -m https://raw.github.com/RailsApps/rails-composer/master/composer.rb

我遇到了这个问题：

Could not find gem 'quiet_assets (>= 0) ruby' in the gems available on this machine.
Run `bundle install` to install missing gems.

当我尝试运行bundle install时，它给出了这个错误：

An error occurred while installing mysql2 (0.3.16), and Bundler cannot continue.
Make sure that `gem install mysql2 -v '0.3.16'` succeeds before bundling.

当我运行该命令时，我得到：

ERROR:  Error installing mysql2:
    ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

有什么想法吗？我在下面有完整的输出(从问题开始的地方，composer尝试安装gem包)：

composer  Installing gems. This will take a while.
         run    bundle install --without production from "."
Fetching gem metadata from https://rubygems.org/........
Fetching additional metadata from https://rubygems.org/..
Resolving dependencies...
Using rake 10.3.2
Using i18n 0.6.11
Using json 1.8.1
Using minitest 5.4.0
Using thread_safe 0.3.4
Using tzinfo 1.2.1
Using activesupport 4.1.4
Using builder 3.2.2
Using erubis 2.7.0
Using actionview 4.1.4
Using rack 1.5.2
Using rack-test 0.6.2
Using actionpack 4.1.4
Using mime-types 1.25.1
Using polyglot 0.3.5
Using treetop 1.4.15
Using mail 2.5.4
Using actionmailer 4.1.4
Using activemodel 4.1.4
Using arel 5.0.1.20140414130214
Using activerecord 4.1.4
Using addressable 2.3.6
Using bcrypt 3.1.7
Using coderay 1.1.0
Using better_errors 1.1.0
Using debug_inspector 0.0.2
Using binding_of_caller 0.7.2
Using sass 3.2.19
Using bootstrap-sass 3.2.0.1
Using bundler 1.6.2
Using colorize 0.7.3
Using net-ssh 2.9.1
Using net-scp 1.2.1
Using sshkit 1.5.1
Using capistrano 3.0.1
Using capistrano-bundler 1.1.2
Using capistrano-rails 1.1.0
Using capistrano-rails-console 0.2.0
Using capistrano-rvm 0.1.1
Using mini_portile 0.6.0
Using nokogiri 1.6.3.1
Using xpath 2.0.0
Using capybara 2.4.1
Using timers 1.1.0
Using celluloid 0.15.2
Using ffi 1.9.3
Using childprocess 0.5.3
Using coffee-script-source 1.7.1
Using execjs 2.2.1
Using coffee-script 2.3.0
Using thor 0.19.1
Using railties 4.1.4
Using coffee-rails 4.0.1
Using database_cleaner 1.3.0
Using orm_adapter 0.5.0
Using warden 1.2.3
Using devise 3.2.4
Using diff-lcs 1.2.5
Using factory_girl 4.4.0
Using factory_girl_rails 4.4.1
Using faker 1.4.2
Using hike 1.2.3
Using multi_json 1.10.1
Using tilt 1.4.1
Using sprockets 2.11.0
Using sprockets-rails 2.1.3
Using rails 4.1.4
Using figaro 1.0.0.rc1
Using formatador 0.2.5
Using rb-fsevent 0.9.4
Using rb-inotify 0.9.5
Using listen 2.7.9
Using lumberjack 1.0.9
Using method_source 0.8.2
Using slop 3.6.0
Using pry 0.10.0
Using guard 2.6.1
Using guard-bundler 2.0.0
Using guard-rails 0.5.3
Using rspec-support 3.0.3
Using rspec-core 3.0.3
Using rspec-expectations 3.0.3
Using rspec-mocks 3.0.3
Using rspec 3.0.0
Using guard-rspec 4.3.1
Using haml 4.1.0.beta.1
Using sexp_processor 4.4.3
Using ruby_parser 3.1.3
Using haml2slim 0.4.7
Using high_voltage 2.2.1
Using hpricot 0.8.6
Using html2haml 1.0.1
Using hub 1.12.2
Using interception 0.5
Using jbuilder 2.1.3
Using jquery-rails 3.1.1
Using launchy 2.4.2

Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    /Users/**********/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.2/bin/ruby extconf.rb 
checking for ruby/thread.h... yes
checking for rb_thread_call_without_gvl() in ruby/thread.h... yes
checking for rb_thread_blocking_region()... yes
checking for rb_wait_for_single_fd()... yes
checking for rb_hash_dup()... yes
checking for rb_intern3()... yes
checking for mysql_query() in -lmysqlclient... no
checking for main() in -lm... yes
checking for mysql_query() in -lmysqlclient... no
checking for main() in -lz... yes
checking for mysql_query() in -lmysqlclient... no
checking for main() in -lsocket... no
checking for mysql_query() in -lmysqlclient... no
checking for main() in -lnsl... no
checking for mysql_query() in -lmysqlclient... no
checking for main() in -lmygcc... no
checking for mysql_query() in -lmysqlclient... no
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
    --with-opt-dir
    --without-opt-dir
    --with-opt-include
    --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
    --with-opt-lib
    --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
    --with-make-prog
    --without-make-prog
    --srcdir=.
    --curdir
    --ruby=/Users/*********/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.2/bin/ruby
    --with-mysql-dir
    --without-mysql-dir
    --with-mysql-include
    --without-mysql-include=${mysql-dir}/include
    --with-mysql-lib
    --without-mysql-lib=${mysql-dir}/lib
    --with-mysql-config
    --without-mysql-config
    --with-mysql-dir
    --without-mysql-dir
    --with-mysql-include
    --without-mysql-include=${mysql-dir}/include
    --with-mysql-lib
    --without-mysql-lib=${mysql-dir}/lib
    --with-mysqlclientlib
    --without-mysqlclientlib
    --with-mlib
    --without-mlib
    --with-mysqlclientlib
    --without-mysqlclientlib
    --with-zlib
    --without-zlib
    --with-mysqlclientlib
    --without-mysqlclientlib
    --with-socketlib
    --without-socketlib
    --with-mysqlclientlib
    --without-mysqlclientlib
    --with-nsllib
    --without-nsllib
    --with-mysqlclientlib
    --without-mysqlclientlib
    --with-mygcclib
    --without-mygcclib
    --with-mysqlclientlib
    --without-mysqlclientlib

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in /Users/**********/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@myapp/gems/mysql2-0.3.16 for inspection.
Results logged to /Users/************/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@myapp/extensions/x86_64-darwin-13/2.1.0-static/mysql2-0.3.16/gem_make.out
An error occurred while installing mysql2 (0.3.16), and Bundler cannot continue.
Make sure that `gem install mysql2 -v '0.3.16'` succeeds before bundling.
    composer  Updating gem paths.
WARN: Unresolved specs during Gem::Specification.reset:
      minitest (~> 5.1)
      rake (>= 0.8.7)
WARN: Clearing out unresolved specs.
Please report a bug if this causes problems.
    composer  Stage Two (running recipe 'stage_two' callbacks).
    composer  importing html2haml and haml2slim conversion tools
locale
gems
        gems  recipe stage two
        gems  configuring database
      remove    config/database.yml
      create    config/database.yml
      option  Username for MySQL? (leave blank to use the app name) root
        gsub    config/database.yml
      option  Password for MySQL user root? root
        gsub    config/database.yml
        gems  set config/database.yml for username/password root/root
        gsub    config/database.yml
        gsub    config/database.yml
        gsub    config/database.yml
      option  Okay to drop all existing databases named myapp? 'No' will abort immediately! (y/n) n
https://raw.github.com/RailsApps/rails-composer/master/composer.rb:1256:in `block in apply': aborted at user's request (RuntimeError)
    from https://raw.github.com/RailsApps/rails-composer/master/composer.rb:2127:in `call'
    from https://raw.github.com/RailsApps/rails-composer/master/composer.rb:2127:in `block in apply'
    from https://raw.github.com/RailsApps/rails-composer/master/composer.rb:2127:in `each'
    from https://raw.github.com/RailsApps/rails-composer/master/composer.rb:2127:in `apply'
    from /Users/***********/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@myapp/gems/thor-0.19.1/lib/thor/actions.rb:223:in `instance_eval'
    from /Users/***********/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@myapp/gems/thor-0.19.1/lib/thor/actions.rb:223:in `apply'
    from /Users/***********/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@myapp/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/generators/app_base.rb:144:in `apply_rails_template'
    from (eval):1:in `apply_rails_template'
    from /Users/***********/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@myapp/gems/thor-0.19.1/lib/thor/command.rb:27:in `run'
    from /Users/***********/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@myapp/gems/thor-0.19.1/lib/thor/invocation.rb:126:in `invoke_command'
    from /Users/***********/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@myapp/gems/thor-0.19.1/lib/thor/invocation.rb:133:in `block in invoke_all'
    from /Users/***********/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@myapp/gems/thor-0.19.1/lib/thor/invocation.rb:133:in `each'
    from /Users/************/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@myapp/gems/thor-0.19.1/lib/thor/invocation.rb:133:in `map'
    from /Users/*************/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@myapp/gems/thor-0.19.1/lib/thor/invocation.rb:133:in `invoke_all'
    from /Users/*************/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@myapp/gems/thor-0.19.1/lib/thor/group.rb:232:in `dispatch'
    from /Users/*************/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@myapp/gems/thor-0.19.1/lib/thor/base.rb:440:in `start'
    from /Users/*************/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@myapp/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/commands/application.rb:17:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/*************/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:73:in `require'
    from /Users/*************/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:73:in `require'
    from /Users/*************/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@myapp/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/cli.rb:14:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/*************/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:73:in `require'
    from /Users/*************/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:73:in `require'
    from /Users/*************/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@myapp/gems/railties-4.1.4/bin/rails:9:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/************/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@myapp/bin/rails:23:in `load'
    from /Users/***********/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@myapp/bin/rails:23:in `<main>'
    from /Users/***********/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@myapp/bin/ruby_executable_hooks:15:in `eval'
    from /Users/***********/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@myapp/bin/ruby_executable_hooks:15:in `<main>'
:myapp ***********$ An error occurred while installing mysql2 (0.3.16), and Bundler cannot continue.
-bash: syntax error near unexpected token `('
:myapp ***********$ rails new . -m https://raw.github.com/RailsApps/rails-composer/master/composer.rb
Could not find gem 'quiet_assets (>= 0) ruby' in the gems available on this machine.
Run `bundle install` to install missing gems.
:myapp ***********$ bundle install
Fetching gem metadata from https://rubygems.org/........
Fetching additional metadata from https://rubygems.org/..
Resolving dependencies...
Using rake 10.3.2
Using i18n 0.6.11
Using json 1.8.1
Using minitest 5.4.0
Using thread_safe 0.3.4
Using tzinfo 1.2.1
Using activesupport 4.1.4
Using builder 3.2.2
Using erubis 2.7.0
Using actionview 4.1.4
Using rack 1.5.2
Using rack-test 0.6.2
Using actionpack 4.1.4
Using mime-types 1.25.1
Using polyglot 0.3.5
Using treetop 1.4.15
Using mail 2.5.4
Using actionmailer 4.1.4
Using activemodel 4.1.4
Using arel 5.0.1.20140414130214
Using activerecord 4.1.4
Using addressable 2.3.6
Using bcrypt 3.1.7
Using coderay 1.1.0
Using better_errors 1.1.0
Using debug_inspector 0.0.2
Using binding_of_caller 0.7.2
Using sass 3.2.19
Using bootstrap-sass 3.2.0.1
Using bundler 1.6.2
Using colorize 0.7.3
Using net-ssh 2.9.1
Using net-scp 1.2.1
Using sshkit 1.5.1
Using capistrano 3.0.1
Using capistrano-bundler 1.1.2
Using capistrano-rails 1.1.0
Using capistrano-rails-console 0.2.0
Using capistrano-rvm 0.1.1
Using mini_portile 0.6.0
Using nokogiri 1.6.3.1
Using xpath 2.0.0
Using capybara 2.4.1
Using timers 1.1.0
Using celluloid 0.15.2
Using ffi 1.9.3
Using childprocess 0.5.3
Using coffee-script-source 1.7.1
Using execjs 2.2.1
Using coffee-script 2.3.0
Using thor 0.19.1
Using railties 4.1.4
Using coffee-rails 4.0.1
Using database_cleaner 1.3.0
Using orm_adapter 0.5.0
Using warden 1.2.3
Using devise 3.2.4
Using diff-lcs 1.2.5
Using factory_girl 4.4.0
Using factory_girl_rails 4.4.1
Using faker 1.4.2
Using hike 1.2.3
Using multi_json 1.10.1
Using tilt 1.4.1
Using sprockets 2.11.0
Using sprockets-rails 2.1.3
Using rails 4.1.4
Using figaro 1.0.0.rc1
Using formatador 0.2.5
Using rb-fsevent 0.9.4
Using rb-inotify 0.9.5
Using listen 2.7.9
Using lumberjack 1.0.9
Using method_source 0.8.2
Using slop 3.6.0
Using pry 0.10.0
Using guard 2.6.1
Using guard-bundler 2.0.0
Using guard-rails 0.5.3
Using rspec-support 3.0.3
Using rspec-core 3.0.3
Using rspec-expectations 3.0.3
Using rspec-mocks 3.0.3
Using rspec 3.0.0
Using guard-rspec 4.3.1
Using haml 4.1.0.beta.1
Using sexp_processor 4.4.3
Using ruby_parser 3.1.3
Using haml2slim 0.4.7
Using high_voltage 2.2.1
Using hpricot 0.8.6
Using html2haml 1.0.1
Using hub 1.12.2
Using interception 0.5
Using jbuilder 2.1.3
Using jquery-rails 3.1.1
Using launchy 2.4.2

Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    /Users/*************/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.2/bin/ruby extconf.rb 
checking for ruby/thread.h... yes
checking for rb_thread_call_without_gvl() in ruby/thread.h... yes
checking for rb_thread_blocking_region()... yes
checking for rb_wait_for_single_fd()... yes
checking for rb_hash_dup()... yes
checking for rb_intern3()... yes
checking for mysql_query() in -lmysqlclient... no
checking for main() in -lm... yes
checking for mysql_query() in -lmysqlclient... no
checking for main() in -lz... yes
checking for mysql_query() in -lmysqlclient... no
checking for main() in -lsocket... no
checking for mysql_query() in -lmysqlclient... no
checking for main() in -lnsl... no
checking for mysql_query() in -lmysqlclient... no
checking for main() in -lmygcc... no
checking for mysql_query() in -lmysqlclient... no
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
    --with-opt-dir
    --without-opt-dir
    --with-opt-include
    --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
    --with-opt-lib
    --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
    --with-make-prog
    --without-make-prog
    --srcdir=.
    --curdir
    --ruby=/Users/***************/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.2/bin/ruby
    --with-mysql-dir
    --without-mysql-dir
    --with-mysql-include
    --without-mysql-include=${mysql-dir}/include
    --with-mysql-lib
    --without-mysql-lib=${mysql-dir}/lib
    --with-mysql-config
    --without-mysql-config
    --with-mysql-dir
    --without-mysql-dir
    --with-mysql-include
    --without-mysql-include=${mysql-dir}/include
    --with-mysql-lib
    --without-mysql-lib=${mysql-dir}/lib
    --with-mysqlclientlib
    --without-mysqlclientlib
    --with-mlib
    --without-mlib
    --with-mysqlclientlib
    --without-mysqlclientlib
    --with-zlib
    --without-zlib
    --with-mysqlclientlib
    --without-mysqlclientlib
    --with-socketlib
    --without-socketlib
    --with-mysqlclientlib
    --without-mysqlclientlib
    --with-nsllib
    --without-nsllib
    --with-mysqlclientlib
    --without-mysqlclientlib
    --with-mygcclib
    --without-mygcclib
    --with-mysqlclientlib
    --without-mysqlclientlib

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in /Users/***********/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@myapp/gems/mysql2-0.3.16 for inspection.
Results logged to /Users/***********/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@myapp/extensions/x86_64-darwin-13/2.1.0-static/mysql2-0.3.16/gem_make.out
An error occurred while installing mysql2 (0.3.16), and Bundler cannot continue.
Make sure that `gem install mysql2 -v '0.3.16'` succeeds before bundling.
:myapp ***************$ gem install mysql2 -v '0.3.16'
Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing mysql2:
    ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    /Users/************/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.2/bin/ruby extconf.rb
checking for ruby/thread.h... yes
checking for rb_thread_call_without_gvl() in ruby/thread.h... yes
checking for rb_thread_blocking_region()... yes
checking for rb_wait_for_single_fd()... yes
checking for rb_hash_dup()... yes
checking for rb_intern3()... yes
checking for mysql_query() in -lmysqlclient... no
checking for main() in -lm... yes
checking for mysql_query() in -lmysqlclient... no
checking for main() in -lz... yes
checking for mysql_query() in -lmysqlclient... no
checking for main() in -lsocket... no
checking for mysql_query() in -lmysqlclient... no
checking for main() in -lnsl... no
checking for mysql_query() in -lmysqlclient... no
checking for main() in -lmygcc... no
checking for mysql_query() in -lmysqlclient... no
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
    --with-opt-dir
    --without-opt-dir
    --with-opt-include
    --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
    --with-opt-lib
    --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
    --with-make-prog
    --without-make-prog
    --srcdir=.
    --curdir
    --ruby=/Users/**************/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.2/bin/ruby
    --with-mysql-dir
    --without-mysql-dir
    --with-mysql-include
    --without-mysql-include=${mysql-dir}/include
    --with-mysql-lib
    --without-mysql-lib=${mysql-dir}/lib
    --with-mysql-config
    --without-mysql-config
    --with-mysql-dir
    --without-mysql-dir
    --with-mysql-include
    --without-mysql-include=${mysql-dir}/include
    --with-mysql-lib
    --without-mysql-lib=${mysql-dir}/lib
    --with-mysqlclientlib
    --without-mysqlclientlib
    --with-mlib
    --without-mlib
    --with-mysqlclientlib
    --without-mysqlclientlib
    --with-zlib
    --without-zlib
    --with-mysqlclientlib
    --without-mysqlclientlib
    --with-socketlib
    --without-socketlib
    --with-mysqlclientlib
    --without-mysqlclientlib
    --with-nsllib
    --without-nsllib
    --with-mysqlclientlib
    --without-mysqlclientlib
    --with-mygcclib
    --without-mygcclib
    --with-mysqlclientlib
    --without-mysqlclientlib

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in /Users/***********/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@myapp/gems/mysql2-0.3.16 for inspection.
Results logged to /Users/*************/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@myapp/extensions/x86_64-darwin-13/2.1.0-static/mysql2-0.3.16/gem_make.out

Answer 1

最有可能的是，您没有安装mysql。gem就是Ruby绑定--它在幕后使用mysql库。请先安装它。如果您已经安装了brew：

brew install mysql

如果没有，install it，安装大量的软件包将是非常有用的。

Answer 2

我在一个Rails 3.0应用程序上遇到了类似的问题。确保在测试和开发组中都包含了mysql/sqlite gem。