为UNIX命令行编写python脚本

Question

嘿，我下周有个作业，用编译器做基准测试，教授让我们写一个脚本，实际上是命令行。我是python新手，也是在UNIX上编写脚本的新手。如何在Python上编写脚本？我需要教程或任何建议

谢谢

我们必须编写这些步骤

对于每个实验，请执行以下步骤：

For each benchmark directory, change to that directory and compile the code with one of the optimization levels. For example:

cd adpcm
gcc -O0 -o adpcm-O0 adpcm.c

Time the runtime of the executable:

time ./adpcm-O0
Record the “real” time displayed. You might take an average of 3-5 runs to get a stable result.

Use the performance measurement tools

On the Pis:

run rpistat on the executable
e.g. rpistat ./adpcm-O0
that generates a textfile rpistat.txt in the same directory. Record the Cycles and Instructions (use the value in [brackets] for the instruction count).

On the lab workstations:

run perf on the executable
e.g. perf stat ./adpcm-O0
that prints to stdout (you can redirect if you wish). Record the Cycles and Instructions.

Repeat this procedure for all 12 benchmarks and all 4 optimization levels on both machines.
For the fastest version of each benchmark (use lowest cycle count in the case of a tie), profile the application:

gcc -pg -O2 -o adpcm-prof adpcm.c
./adpcm-prof  (This is needed to profile the executable, but you don’t need to record the runtime)
gprof ./adpcm-prof | less
Record the function for which the most execution time is spent. 

Answer 1

subprocess.Popen、os.listdir、os.chdir和time.time()应该会有所帮助。这些都是python命令。例如，你可以用"import subprocess“得到子进程模块，用"import os”得到os模块。

要创建一个Python脚本，只需在*ix上使用您喜欢的文本编辑器编辑一个文本文件(本例中名为"the- script“)，内容如下：

#!/usr/bin/python3
# or you can use python 2 with /usr/bin/python

print('hello world')

...and使其成为可执行文件：

chmod 755 the-script

...then您可以像这样运行它：

./the-script

HTH

Answer 2

要在shell中调用某些内容，请使用以下命令：

>>> import os
>>> os.system('echo hello')
hello
0
>>> 

或：

>>> import subprocess
>>> subprocess.call(['echo', 'hello'])
hello
0
>>> 

如果要使用诸如ls之类的命令，请使用以下代码：

>>> import os
>>> x = os.popen('ls ~/Desktop').read().split()
>>> x
['...
']

我想这就是你的意思，但如果你能在你的问题中添加更多的细节，那就太好了。

Answer 3

使用Popen构造函数在python中调用外壳命令。看看这个answer

另外，下面是另一段代码：

   from subprocess import Popen, PIPE
    
    output = Popen(['ls -l'], stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE, shell=True)
    (out,err) = output.communicate()

out包含来自ls -l的标准输出，err包含来自ls -l的标准错误