实现schematron规则

Question

我是schematron的新手，我有以下问题。这是来自xhtml文件的代码片段：

<div class="provision">
  <!-- provision (SECTION) -->
  <header>
    <!-- headers -->
    <div class="desig">
      <!-- if provision then header/div@class=desig/span@class=num required -->
      <span class="num">1.</span>
    </div>
    <h1 class="title">prov-title</h1>
  </header>
  <p class="prov">para-prov-level</p>
  <p class="prov">para-prov-level</p>
  <div class="glossary">
    <!-- glossary -->
    <!-- glossary requires dl -->
    <dl>
      <!-- dl should have dt, and at least one dd -->
      <dt> term </dt>
      <dd>definition</dd>
      <dt> term </dt>
      <dd>definition</dd>
    </dl>
  </div>
  <div class="level-1-grp">
    <!-- SUBSECTION -->
    <header>
      <div class="desig">
        <span class="num">(1)</span>
      </div>
    </header>
    <p class="level-1">para-level-1</p>
    <div class="level-2-grp">
      <header>
        <div class="desig">
          <span class="num">(a)</span>
        </div>
      </header>
      <p class="level-2">para-level-2</p>
    </div>
    <div class="level-2-grp">
      <header>
        <div class="desig">
          <span class="num">(b)</span>
        </div>
      </header>
      <p class="level-2">para-level-2</p>
    </div>
    <p class="level-1">para-level-1</p>
  </div>
  <p class="prov">para-prov-level</p>
</div>

我想创建一个规则来检查是否存在provision，然后需要header/div@class=desig/span@class=num，并且glossary需要dl。我一直在尝试这样做，但不起作用：

​

<iso:pattern id="structure-provision">
  <iso:title>Testing for Provision structure...</iso:title>
  <iso:rule context="*:div[@class='provision']">
    <iso:assert test="self::*:header/div[@class ='desig']/*:span[@class='num']">if provision then header/div@class=desig/span@class=num required</iso:assert>
  </iso:rule>
</iso:pattern>

<!--glossory structure -->

<iso:pattern id="structure-glossory">
  <iso:title>Testing for Provision structure...</iso:title>
  <iso:rule context="*:div[@class='glossory']">
    <iso:assert test="self::*:dl">glossary requires dl</iso:assert>
    <iso:assert test="self::*:dl/dt">dl should have a dt</iso:assert>
  </iso:rule>

</iso:pattern>

任何帮助都将不胜感激。谢谢

Answer 1

在第一个iso:assert中，div元素上缺少一个名称空间。

英语不是很精确，所以我用两种方式解释了你的要求。

1)如果有规定，则(header/div@class=desig/span@class=num required AND glossary required dl)。如果是X，则A和B。如果是这种情况，那么应该只使用一个模式。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<sch:schema xmlns:sch="http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron" queryBinding="xslt2">
    <sch:pattern id="structure-provision">
        <sch:title>Provisioning structure</sch:title>
        <sch:rule context="*:div[@class='provision']">
            <sch:assert test="*:header/*:div[@class ='desig']/*:span[@class='num']">
                The provision structure requires header/div@class=desig/span@class=num
            </sch:assert>
            <sch:assert test="*:div[@class='glossary']/*:dl">
                Glossary requires dl
            </sch:assert>
        </sch:rule>
    </sch:pattern>
</sch:schema>

2) (如果有规定，则header/div@class=desig/span@class=num required)和(术语表需要dl)。如果是X，则是A。如果是Y，则是B。如果是这种情况，那么应该使用两种模式。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<sch:schema xmlns:sch="http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron" queryBinding="xslt2">
    <sch:pattern id="provision-structure">
        <sch:title>Provisioning structure</sch:title>
        <sch:rule context="*:div[@class='provision']">
            <sch:assert test="*:header/*:div[@class ='desig']/*:span[@class='num']">
                The provision structure requires header/div@class=desig/span@class=num
            </sch:assert>
        </sch:rule>
    </sch:pattern>

    <sch:pattern id="glossary-structure">
        <sch:title>Provisioning structure</sch:title>
        <sch:rule context="*:div[@class='glossary']">
            <sch:assert test="*:dl">
                Glossary requires dl
            </sch:assert>
            <sch:assert test="*:dl/*:dt">
                dl requires dt
            </sch:assert>
        </sch:rule>
    </sch:pattern>
</sch:schema>

我建议将您的需求拆分成几个规则/模式，以使其更加健壮和有条理。例如，将所有与供应结构相关的规则放在一个模式中。如果无论术语表是否在供应结构中，都应该强制执行术语表规则，那么术语表应该有自己的模式。

另外，我将为元素定义和使用一个名称空间，并在schematron规则中使用它。我假设它是xhtml或类似的？xpath表达式将如下所示：

<sch:rule context="xhtml:div[@class='provision']">
    <sch:assert test="xhtml:header/xhtml:div[@class ='desig']/xhtml:span[@class='num']">
        Rule text here
    </sch:assert>
</sch:rule>