从每个组中选择一个最大行

Question

在示例Xaprb http://www.xaprb.com/blog/2006/12/07/how-to-select-the-firstleastmax-row-per-group-in-sql/中，为每个组选择最大值

+--------+------------+-------+
| type   | variety    | price |
+--------+------------+-------+
| apple  | gala       |  2.79 | 
| apple  | fuji       |  0.24 | 
| apple  | limbertwig |  2.87 | 
| orange | valencia   |  3.59 | 
| orange | navel      |  9.36 | 
| pear   | bradford   |  6.05 | 
| pear   | bartlett   |  2.14 | 
| cherry | bing       |  2.55 | 
| cherry | chelan     |  6.33 | 
+--------+------------+-------+

select type, variety, price
from fruits
where price = (select min(price) from fruits as f where f.type = fruits.type);

+--------+----------+-------+
| type   | variety  | price |
+--------+----------+-------+
| apple  | fuji     |  0.24 | 
| orange | valencia |  3.59 | 
| pear   | bartlett |  2.14 | 
| cherry | bing     |  2.55 | 
+--------+----------+-------+

但是如果我有一个有一定价格的水果，记录是重复的

+--------+----------+-------+
| type   | variety  | price |
+--------+----------+-------+
| apple  | fuji     |  0.24 | 
| apple  | fuji2    |  0.24 |
| orange | valencia |  3.59 | 
| pear   | bartlett |  2.14 | 
| cherry | bing     |  2.55 | 
+--------+----------+-------+

在这种情况下，如何才能为每个类型仅获取一条记录？

Answer 1

只需按type分组

select type, MIN(variety) AS variety, MIN(price) AS price
from fruits
where price = (select min(price) from fruits as f where f.type = fruits.type);
GROUP BY type

你得到的第一项是什么(按字母顺序)

顺便说一句:你也可以使用MAX，只要你喜欢

Answer 2

使用GROUP BY子句-即

 select type, variety, price
 from fruits
 where price = (select min(price) from fruits as f where f.type = fruits.type)
 group by type;