亚马逊EC2 Ubuntu + Xvfb: libGL错误:无法加载驱动程序: swrast

Question

我正尝试在亚马逊EC2上的一个Ubuntu实例中通过Xvfb运行ParaView。我已经按照http://mike.ucoz.com/publ/programming/ubuntu/selenium_ubuntu_amazon_ec2_headless/8-1-0-4安装了X11/Xvfb相关的包

但我似乎无法克服与swrast库相关的错误。

以下是启动Xfvb时的消息

$ export DISPLAY=:99
$ Xvfb $DISPLAY &
Initializing built-in extension Generic Event Extension
Initializing built-in extension SHAPE
Initializing built-in extension MIT-SHM
Initializing built-in extension XInputExtension
Initializing built-in extension XTEST
Initializing built-in extension BIG-REQUESTS
Initializing built-in extension SYNC
Initializing built-in extension XKEYBOARD
Initializing built-in extension XC-MISC
Initializing built-in extension SECURITY
Initializing built-in extension XINERAMA
Initializing built-in extension XFIXES
Initializing built-in extension RENDER
Initializing built-in extension RANDR
Initializing built-in extension COMPOSITE
Initializing built-in extension DAMAGE
Initializing built-in extension MIT-SCREEN-SAVER
Initializing built-in extension DOUBLE-BUFFER
Initializing built-in extension RECORD
Initializing built-in extension DPMS
Initializing built-in extension X-Resource
Initializing built-in extension XVideo
Initializing built-in extension XVideo-MotionCompensation
Initializing built-in extension SELinux
Initializing built-in extension GLX
[dix] Could not init font path element /var/lib/defoma/x-ttcidfont-conf.d/dirs/TrueType, removing from list!

我在上面看不到任何戏剧性的东西。但在运行glxinfo时

$ glxinfo
name of display: :99
libGL: OpenDriver: trying /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/tls/swrast_dri.so
libGL: OpenDriver: trying /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/swrast_dri.so
libGL error: failed to load driver: swrast
Error: couldn't find RGB GLX visual or fbconfig

144 GLXFBConfigs:
    visual  x   bf lv rg d st  colorbuffer  sr ax dp st accumbuffer  ms  cav

注意：

$ ls /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/
dummy_drv_video.so  nouveau_dri.so        r300_dri.so    radeonsi_dri.so
i915_dri.so         nouveau_vieux_dri.so  r600_dri.so    swrast_dri.so
i965_dri.so         r200_dri.so           radeon_dri.so  vmwgfx_dri.so

提前谢谢。

Answer 1

假设您已经安装了xvfb-run，您可以尝试使用：

xvfb-run --auto-servernum -s "-screen 0 640x480x24" <something_that_needs_X11> 

来源：https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=904851#c5

Answer 2

亚马逊EC2使用的是Nvidia图形处理器，所以这个问题可能是由NV驱动程序引起的。

试一试，用docker容器运行它，基于我的dockerfile Dockerfile_cuda80

这个dockerfile是基于官方的cuda镜像，修改后可以用OpenGL运行所有的cuda示例，你应该使用nvidia-docker来构建和运行它。

这解决了我在通过WINE运行windows程序时遇到的类似问题。