无法链接到libxml2

Question

我需要安装perl模块XML-LibXML。我已经下载了类似下面的内容并尝试安装。它说不能链接到libxml2。然后我下载了libxml2并安装了，然后再试了一次，但也没有成功。

那么我应该知道如何链接这个已安装的libxml2。

我是否需要将libxml2安装目录(/install/others/lib)添加到文件"/etc/ld.so.conf“中，并通过运行以下命令更新动态加载器缓存：

bash-3.2$ wget http://search.cpan.org/CPAN/authors/id/S/SH/SHLOMIF/XML-LibXML-2.0019.tar.gz
bash-3.2$ tar zxvf XML-LibXML-2.0019.tar.gz
bash-3.2$ pwd
/install/others/XML-LibXML-2.0019

bash-3.2$ perl Makefile.PL LIBS='-L/install/others/lib' INC='-I/install/others/include'
enable native perl UTF8
Checking for ability to link against xml2...no
Checking for ability to link against libxml2...libxml2, zlib, and/or the Math library (-lm) have not been found.
Try setting LIBS and INC values on the command line
Or get libxml2 from
http://xmlsoft.org/
If you install via RPMs, make sure you also install the -devel
RPMs, as this is where the headers (.h files) are.

Also, you may try to run perl Makefile.PL with the DEBUG=1 parameter
to see the exact reason why the detection of libxml2 installation
failed or why Makefile.PL was not able to compile a test program.
bash-3.2$
bash-3.2$
bash-3.2$
bash-3.2$
bash-3.2$ perl Makefile.PL PREFIX=/install/others  LIBS='-L/install/others/lib' INC='-I/install/others/include'
enable native perl UTF8
Checking for ability to link against xml2...no
Checking for ability to link against libxml2...libxml2, zlib, and/or the Math library (-lm) have not been found.
Try setting LIBS and INC values on the command line
Or get libxml2 from
http://xmlsoft.org/
If you install via RPMs, make sure you also install the -devel
RPMs, as this is where the headers (.h files) are.

Also, you may try to run perl Makefile.PL with the DEBUG=1 parameter
to see the exact reason why the detection of libxml2 installation
failed or why Makefile.PL was not able to compile a test program.
bash-3.2$

下面是DEBUG=1添加的输出

bash-3.2$ pwd
/install/others/XML-LibXML-1.31
bash-3.2$ perl Makefile.PL LIBS='-L/install/others/lib -lxml2 -lz -lm' INC='-I/install/others/include/libxml2' DEBUG=1
running xml2-config... xml2-config --version
failed
*** backticks call to 'xml2-config --version' failed at Makefile.PL line 212.
using fallback values for LIBS and INC
options:
  LIBS='-L/usr/local/lib -L/usr/lib -lxml2 -lz -lm'
  INC='-I/usr/local/include -I/usr/include'
If this is wrong, Re-run as:
  $ /usr/bin/perl Makefile.PL LIBS='-L/path/to/lib' INC='-I/path/to/include'

looking for -lxml2... /usr/bin/perl Makefile.PL 'INC=-I/usr/local/include -I/usr/include' 'LIBS=-L/usr/local/lib -L/usr/lib -lxml2 -lz -lm'
INC = -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/include
LIBS = -L/usr/local/lib -L/usr/lib -lxml2 -lz -lm
Writing Makefile for Conftest
make test 'OTHERLDFLAGS=-lxml2'
cp Conftest.pm blib/lib/Conftest.pm
/usr/bin/perl /usr/lib/perl5/5.8.8/ExtUtils/xsubpp  -typemap /usr/lib/perl5/5.8.8/ExtUtils/typemap  Conftest.xs > Conftest.xsc && mv Conftest.xsc Conftest.c
gcc -c  -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/include -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE -fno-strict-aliasing -pipe -Wdeclaration-after-statement -I/usr/local/include -D_LARGEFILE_SOURCE -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 -I/usr/include/gdbm -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic   -DVERSION=\"1\" -DXS_VERSION=\"1\" -fPIC "-I/usr/lib64/perl5/5.8.8/x86_64-linux-thread-multi/CORE"   Conftest.c
Conftest.xs:11: warning: return type defaults to âintâ
Running Mkbootstrap for Conftest ()
chmod 644 Conftest.bs
rm -f blib/arch/auto/Conftest/Conftest.so
gcc  -shared -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic Conftest.o -lxml2 -o blib/arch/auto/Conftest/Conftest.so       \
           -L/usr/local/lib -L/usr/lib -lxml2 -lz -lm   \

/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lxml2
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [blib/arch/auto/Conftest/Conftest.so] Error 1
system call to 'make test 'OTHERLDFLAGS=-lxml2'' failed at Makefile.PL line 188.
no
libxml2 not found
Try setting LIBS and INC values on the command line
Or get libxml2 from
  http://www.libxml.org/
If you install via RPMs, make sure you also install the -devel
RPMs, as this is where the headers (.h files) are.
bash-3.2$

它不是在查找我的本地目录，而是在查找

INC = -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/include
LIBS = -L/usr/local/lib -L/usr/lib -lxml2 -lz -lm

注意:我没有超级用户访问权限，我的操作系统是linux RedHat。

提前感谢

Answer 1

您需要头文件。

它们是libxml源代码发行版的一部分，例如here。将libxml.../include目录解压到您的文件系统中，并将该目录包含在发出调用的-I标志中。错误消息还表明在您的系统上找不到zlib和libm。它们可能位于非标准/usr/lib...目录中，但会存在。在make call的-L选项中包含找到的库。

Answer 2

如果您没有根用户访问权限，可以尝试使用perlbrew：http://perlbrew.pl/

然后，您就可以轻松地安装Alien::XML::LibXML (http://corion.net/perl-dev/Alien-XML-LibXML.html)

它只为本地Perl安装libxml。

在此之后，应该成功安装了XML-LibXML。

步骤：

1)使用perlbrew安装本地perl，以保持系统perl干净

2)从perlbrew安装带有cpanm的Alien::XML::LibXML

3)安装XML-LibXML

Answer 3

安装Alien::LibXML或下载适用于您的linux发行版的LibXML二进制文件，

配置$$YOURLIBXMLPREFIX/bin/xml2- "export XMLPREFIX=$YOURLIBXMLPREFIX"可以。

然后通过cpan安装XML::LibXML