TBB concurrent_queue错误

Question

似乎不能编译甚至提到concurrent_queue的程序。

代码包含以下内容

#include <tbb/concurrent_queue.h>

其次，我在代码中的任意位置添加

concurrent_queue<int> tbbqueue;

这是我在编译时得到的错误。我可以使用tasks等编译一些其他与tbb相关的代码，但由于某些原因这不起作用。

    g++ -O3 -Wall -pthread -std=c++11 -ltbb -o tbbqueue.o tbbqueue.cpp 
tbbqueue.cpp: In function ‘void* Agent(void*)’:
tbbqueue.cpp:46:10: warning: unused variable ‘elements’ [-Wunused-variable]
tbbqueue.cpp:47:9: warning: unused variable ‘elementsSize’ [-Wunused-variable]
/tmp/ccQg8OKZ.o: In function `tbb::strict_ppl::internal::concurrent_queue_base_v3<int>::~concurrent_queue_base_v3()':
tbbqueue.cpp:(.text._ZN3tbb10strict_ppl8internal24concurrent_queue_base_v3IiED2Ev[_ZN3tbb10strict_ppl8internal24concurrent_queue_base_v3IiED5Ev]+0x10): undefined reference to `tbb::internal::NFS_Free(void*)'
/tmp/ccQg8OKZ.o: In function `tbb::strict_ppl::concurrent_queue<int, tbb::cache_aligned_allocator<int> >::deallocate_block(void*, unsigned long)':
tbbqueue.cpp:(.text._ZN3tbb10strict_ppl16concurrent_queueIiNS_23cache_aligned_allocatorIiEEE16deallocate_blockEPvm[_ZN3tbb10strict_ppl16concurrent_queueIiNS_23cache_aligned_allocatorIiEEE16deallocate_blockEPvm]+0x4): undefined reference to `tbb::internal::NFS_Free(void*)'
/tmp/ccQg8OKZ.o: In function `tbb::strict_ppl::concurrent_queue<int, tbb::cache_aligned_allocator<int> >::allocate_block(unsigned long)':
tbbqueue.cpp:(.text._ZN3tbb10strict_ppl16concurrent_queueIiNS_23cache_aligned_allocatorIiEEE14allocate_blockEm[_ZN3tbb10strict_ppl16concurrent_queueIiNS_23cache_aligned_allocatorIiEEE14allocate_blockEm]+0xf): undefined reference to `tbb::internal::NFS_Allocate(unsigned long, unsigned long, void*)'
tbbqueue.cpp:(.text._ZN3tbb10strict_ppl16concurrent_queueIiNS_23cache_aligned_allocatorIiEEE14allocate_blockEm[_ZN3tbb10strict_ppl16concurrent_queueIiNS_23cache_aligned_allocatorIiEEE14allocate_blockEm]+0x2b): undefined reference to `tbb::internal::throw_exception_v4(tbb::internal::exception_id)'
/tmp/ccQg8OKZ.o: In function `tbb::strict_ppl::internal::concurrent_queue_base_v3<int>::~concurrent_queue_base_v3()':
tbbqueue.cpp:(.text._ZN3tbb10strict_ppl8internal24concurrent_queue_base_v3IiED0Ev[_ZN3tbb10strict_ppl8internal24concurrent_queue_base_v3IiED0Ev]+0x10): undefined reference to `tbb::internal::NFS_Free(void*)'
/tmp/ccQg8OKZ.o: In function `tbb::strict_ppl::concurrent_queue<int, tbb::cache_aligned_allocator<int> >::~concurrent_queue()':
tbbqueue.cpp:(.text._ZN3tbb10strict_ppl16concurrent_queueIiNS_23cache_aligned_allocatorIiEEED2Ev[_ZN3tbb10strict_ppl16concurrent_queueIiNS_23cache_aligned_allocatorIiEEED5Ev]+0x12d): undefined reference to `tbb::internal::NFS_Free(void*)'
/tmp/ccQg8OKZ.o: In function `tbb::strict_ppl::concurrent_queue<int, tbb::cache_aligned_allocator<int> >::~concurrent_queue()':
tbbqueue.cpp:(.text._ZN3tbb10strict_ppl16concurrent_queueIiNS_23cache_aligned_allocatorIiEEED0Ev[_ZN3tbb10strict_ppl16concurrent_queueIiNS_23cache_aligned_allocatorIiEEED0Ev]+0x12d): undefined reference to `tbb::internal::NFS_Free(void*)'
/tmp/ccQg8OKZ.o: In function `main':
tbbqueue.cpp:(.text.startup+0x32): undefined reference to `tbb::internal::NFS_Allocate(unsigned long, unsigned long, void*)'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [tbbqueue.o] Error 1

Answer 1

指定用于链接的库和源/目标文件的顺序很重要。点击此处查看更多详情：Why does the order in which libraries are linked sometimes cause errors in GCC?

在这种情况下，要与TBB链接的标志(-ltbb)在程序源文件(tbbqueue.cpp)之前的命令行中指定。因此，当链接器处理TBB库时，它没有看到使用它的代码，决定它是不必要的，并从考虑中删除了它的所有符号。然后，它在从tbbqueue.cpp编译的目标文件中看到外部符号，但在可以找到这些符号的库中看不到。

如果选项的顺序如下所示：

g++ -O3 -Wall -pthread -std=c++11 -o tbbqueue.o tbbqueue.cpp -ltbb

编译应该会成功。