Python子列表创建

Question

我有一个被打乱的列表，然后我想把它分成6个子列表，每个子列表有6个元素(原始列表中有26个元素)。我知道这需要通过范围创建一个子列表来完成(例如。0-5,6-11等)但是找不到是怎么回事。它应该是非常直接的！到目前为止，我的代码如下：

import random

characters = [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,"A","B","C","D","E","F","G","H","I","J","K","L","M","N","O","P","Q","R","S","T","U","V","W","X","Y","Z"];

random.shuffle(characters)

Answer 1

你可以使用类似这样的东西：

>>> import string
>>> import random
>>>
>>> chars = list(string.uppercase + string.digits)
>>> random.shuffle(chars)
>>>
>>> [chars[i:i + 6] for i in range(0, len(chars), 6)]
[['U', 'I', 'X', '6', 'Q', 'L'],
 ['Y', 'J', 'C', 'S', '8', '0'],
 ['A', 'R', '5', 'F', 'T', 'W'],
 ['N', 'B', 'E', '2', '1', 'V'],
 ['9', 'K', 'O', 'P', '7', '4'],
 ['G', 'M', 'Z', '3', 'D', 'H']]

• chars[i:i + 6]创建一个长度为i.
• range(0, len(chars), 6)的子列表，该列表从位置开始，以6range(0，len(chars)，6) 0，6，12，18，24，30

为增量在从0到len(chars)的范围内循环

Answer 2

使用itertools.islice()

In [246]: characters = [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,"A","B","C","D","E","F","G","H","I","J","K","L","M","N","O","P","Q","R","S","T","U","V","W","X","Y","Z"];

In [247]: it=iter(characters)

In [248]: [list(islice(it,6)) for _ in range(6)]
Out[248]: 
[[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5],
 [6, 7, 8, 9, 'A', 'B'],
 ['C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H'],
 ['I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N'],
 ['O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T'],
 ['U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z']]

iter(characters)：创建characters列表的迭代器。

islice(iterator,len)：返回len=6迭代器的片段。Islice对象本身就是一个迭代器，因此，您需要将islice对象传递给list()以获取其内容。

传入range的6可以通过以下方式获取：

In [2]: int(len(characters)/6)
Out[2]: 6

Answer 3

基于itertools grouper配方

依赖于itertools.izip_longest和自身的增量或迭代器

>>> list(izip_longest(*[iter(characters)] * 6))
[(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5), (6, 7, 8, 9, 'A', 'B'), ('C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H'), ('I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N'), ('O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T'), ('U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z')]