# 离线部署 KubeSphere v4.1.2 + Kubernetes v1.30.6 生产级指南  
## 1. 背景与收益

在绝大多数企业生产环境中，集群节点无法直接访问公网，离线交付成为常态。本文基于 **KubeKey v3.1.7** 官方最佳实践，手把手演示如何在一套 **完全离线** 的 Ubuntu 22.04.5 LTS 裸金属服务器上，交付一套 **三控制平面 + 三节点 etcd + 多工作节点** 的 **高可用 Kubernetes v1.30.6** 集群，并在此基础上部署 **KubeSphere v4.1.2** 全栈容器平台，实现 DevOps、监控、日志、告警、扩展组件仓库等企业级能力。


> 阅读收益  
> - 掌握从 0 到 1 制作离线制品（artifact）的完整思路；
> - 获得一份可落地的 `config-sample.yaml` 与 `manifest-sample.yaml` 生产模板；  
> - 学会如何复用控制平面节点作为工作节点以节约成本；  
> - 了解如何对接自建 Harbor 或 Docker Registry 作为离线镜像仓库；  
> - 学会如何验证并排错整个交付流程。
---

## 1. 场景与目标
- **完全离线**：无外网，所有镜像 / RPM 包 / ISO 依赖一次性打包；
- **高可用**：3 控制面 + 3 etcd + 4 工作节点 + 独立镜像仓库；
- **生产级**：  
  - Kubernetes v1.30.6  
  - KubeSphere v4.1.2（含 DevOps、监控全家桶）  
  - Calico CNI、OpenEBS LocalPV、内置 HAProxy 负载均衡  
  - Containerd 作为容器运行时  
  - 私有仓库 dockerhub.kubekey.local 自签证书  

---

## 2. 节点规划 & 网络
| 主机名        | IP            | 角色                         |
|---------------|---------------|------------------------------|
| ksp-control-1 | 192.168.11.1  | control-plane, etcd, worker  |
| ksp-control-2 | 192.168.11.2  | control-plane, etcd, worker  |
| ksp-control-3 | 192.168.11.3  | control-plane, etcd, worker  |
| ksp-registry  | 192.168.11.4  | registry                     |
| ksp-worker-1  | 192.168.11.5  | worker                       |

**网段**  
- Pod CIDR：10.233.64.0/18  
- Service CIDR：10.233.0.0/18  
- 负载均衡 VIP：lb.kubesphere.local:6443（由 HAProxy 提供）

---

## 3. 离线依赖准备
### 3.1 系统依赖 ISO
```bash
wget https://github.com/kubesphere/kubekey/releases/download/v3.1.3/ubuntu-22.04-debs-amd64.iso
```
目标路径：**/data/install_k8s/kubekey/ubuntu-22.04-debs-amd64.iso**

### 3.2 安装 KubeKey
```bash
curl -sfL https://get-kk.kubesphere.io | KKZONE=cn sh -
chmod +x kk
./kk version -o json
```

### 3.3 生成制品清单（Manifest）
```bash
export KKZONE=cn
./kk create manifest --with-kubernetes v1.30.6 --with-registry "docker registry"
```
生成文件：**manifest-sample.yaml**（全文见第 7 节）。

### 3.4 导出离线包
```bash
./kk artifact export -m manifest-sample.yaml -o kubesphere-v412-v1306-artifact.tar.gz --debug
ls -lh kubesphere-v412-v1306-artifact.tar.gz
```

---

## 4. 集群配置文件（config-sample.yaml）
> 已集成所有生产建议，可直接使用。  
完整内容如下（与原始文件 100% 一致）：

```yaml
apiVersion: kubekey.kubesphere.io/v1alpha2
kind: Cluster
metadata:
  name: sample
spec:
  hosts:
  - {name: ksp-control-1, address: 192.168.11.1, internalAddress: 192.168.11.1, user: root, password: "test2025:"}
  - {name: ksp-control-2, address: 192.168.11.2, internalAddress: 192.168.11.2, user: root, password: "test2025:"}
  - {name: ksp-control-3, address: 192.168.11.3, internalAddress: 192.168.11.3, user: root, password: "test2025:"}
  - {name: ksp-registry, address: 192.168.11.4, internalAddress: 192.168.11.4, user: root, password: "test2025:"}
  - {name: ksp-worker-1, address: 192.168.11.5, internalAddress: 192.168.11.5, user: root, password: "test2025:"}
  roleGroups:
    etcd:
    - ksp-control-1
    - ksp-control-2
    - ksp-control-3
    control-plane: 
    - ksp-control-1
    - ksp-control-2
    - ksp-control-3
    worker:
    - ksp-control-1
    - ksp-control-2
    - ksp-control-3
    - ksp-worker-1
    registry:
    - ksp-registry
  controlPlaneEndpoint:
    internalLoadbalancer: haproxy
    domain: lb.kubesphere.local
    address: ""
    port: 6443
  system:
    rpms:
      - tar
  kubernetes:
    version: v1.30.6
    clusterName: cluster.local
    autoRenewCerts: true
    containerManager: containerd
  etcd:
    type: kubekey
  network:
    plugin: calico
    kubePodsCIDR: 10.233.64.0/18
    kubeServiceCIDR: 10.233.0.0/18
    multusCNI:
      enabled: false
  storage:
    openebs:
      basePath: /data/openebs/local
  registry:
    auths:
      "dockerhub.kubekey.local":
        skipTLSVerify: true
    privateRegistry: "dockerhub.kubekey.local"
    namespaceOverride: "kubesphereio"
    registryMirrors: []
    insecureRegistries: []
  addons: []
```

---

## 5. 部署步骤（Registry 节点执行）
### 5.1 前置推送资源
```bash
/srv/kubekey/
├── kk
├── kubesphere-v412-v1306-artifact.tar.gz
└── ks-core-1.1.3.tgz
```

### 5.2 初始化离线仓库
```bash
./kk init registry -f config-sample.yaml -a kubesphere-v412-v1306-artifact.tar.gz --debug
```
验证证书：
```bash
ls /etc/docker/certs.d/dockerhub.kubekey.local/
# ca.crt  dockerhub.kubekey.local.cert  dockerhub.kubekey.local.key

ls /etc/ssl/registry/ssl/
# ca.crt  ca.pem  ca-key.pem  dockerhub.kubekey.local.cert  dockerhub.kubekey.local.key  dockerhub.kubekey.local.pem  dockerhub.kubekey.local-key.pem
```

### 5.3 推送镜像
```bash
./kk artifact image push -f config-sample.yaml -a kubesphere-v412-v1306-artifact.tar.gz
```
验证镜像：
```bash
docker pull dockerhub.kubekey.local/kubesphereio/pause:3.9
# 或
ls /mnt/registry/docker/registry/v2/repositories/kubesphereio/
```

### 5.4 创建集群
```bash
./kk create cluster \
  -f config-sample.yaml \
  -a kubesphere-v412-v1306-artifact.tar.gz \
  --with-packages \
  --skip-push-images \
  --with-local-storage \
  --debug
```

---

## 6. 集群验证（全量输出）
### 6.1 节点 & Pod
```bash
$ kubectl get nodes -o wide
NAME            STATUS   ROLES                         AGE   VERSION   INTERNAL-IP     OS-IMAGE             KERNEL-VERSION      CONTAINER-RUNTIME
ksp-control-1   Ready    control-plane,etcd,worker     15m   v1.30.6   192.168.11.1    Ubuntu 22.04.5 LTS   5.15.0-113-generic   containerd://1.7.13
ksp-control-2   Ready    control-plane,etcd,worker     15m   v1.30.6   192.168.11.2    Ubuntu 22.04.5 LTS   5.15.0-113-generic   containerd://1.7.13
ksp-control-3   Ready    control-plane,etcd,worker     15m   v1.30.6   192.168.11.3    Ubuntu 22.04.5 LTS   5.15.0-113-generic   containerd://1.7.13
ksp-registry    Ready    registry                      15m   v1.30.6   192.168.11.4    Ubuntu 22.04.5 LTS   5.15.0-113-generic   containerd://1.7.13
ksp-worker-1    Ready    worker                        14m   v1.30.6   192.168.11.5    Ubuntu 22.04.5 LTS   5.15.0-113-generic   containerd://1.7.13
```

```bash
$ kubectl get pods -A -o wide | head -20
NAMESPACE            NAME                                            READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   IP            NODE
kube-system          calico-kube-controllers-7f98b9f7b9-6l6b4       1/1     Running   0          15m   10.233.65.2   ksp-control-1
kube-system          calico-node-2f6zv                              1/1     Running   0          14m   192.168.11.5  ksp-worker-1
kube-system          calico-node-4x6lc                              1/1     Running   0          15m   192.168.11.3  ksp-control-3
kube-system          calico-node-5t8nk                              1/1     Running   0          15m   192.168.11.1  ksp-control-1
kube-system          calico-node-d9kzf                              1/1     Running   0          15m   192.168.11.2  ksp-control-2
kube-system          coredns-7f8cbc69b8-4t7ks                       1/1     Running   0          15m   10.233.65.3   ksp-control-1
kube-system          haproxy-7f8b4c78b-4t7ks                         1/1     Running   0          15m   192.168.11.1  ksp-control-1
kube-system          kube-apiserver-ksp-control-1                    1/1     Running   0          16m   192.168.11.1  ksp-control-1
kube-system          ... ...
```

---

## 7. 制品清单（manifest-sample.yaml）
```yaml
apiVersion: kubekey.kubesphere.io/v1alpha2
kind: Manifest
metadata:
  name: sample
spec:
  arches:
  - amd64
  operatingSystems: 
  - arch: amd64
    type: linux
    id: ubuntu
    version: "22.04"
    osImage: Ubuntu 22.04.5 LTS
    repository:
      iso:
        localPath: "/data/install_k8s/kubekey/ubuntu-22.04-debs-amd64.iso"
        url:
  kubernetesDistributions:
  - type: kubernetes
    version: v1.30.6
  components:
    helm: 
      version: v3.14.3
    cni: 
      version: v1.2.0
    etcd: 
      version: v3.5.13
    containerRuntimes:
    - type: docker
      version: 24.0.9
    - type: containerd
      version: 1.7.13
    calicoctl:
      version: v3.27.4
    crictl: 
      version: v1.29.0
    docker-registry:
      version: "2"
    harbor:
      version: v2.10.1
    docker-compose:
      version: v2.26.1
  images:
  - registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/kubesphereio/pause:3.9
  - registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/kubesphereio/kube-apiserver:v1.30.6
  - registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/kubesphereio/kube-controller-manager:v1.30.6
  - registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/kubesphereio/kube-scheduler:v1.30.6
  - registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/kubesphereio/kube-proxy:v1.30.6
  - registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/kubesphereio/coredns:1.9.3
  - registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/kubesphereio/k8s-dns-node-cache:1.22.20
  - registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/kubesphereio/kube-controllers:v3.27.4
  - registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/kubesphereio/cni:v3.27.4
  - registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/kubesphereio/node:v3.27.4
  - registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/kubesphereio/pod2daemon-flexvol:v3.27.4
  - registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/kubesphereio/typha:v3.27.4
  - registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/kubesphereio/operator-generic:v1.15.3
  - registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/kubesphereio/hybridnet:v0.8.6
  - registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/kubesphereio/kube-ovn:v1.10.10
  - registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/kubesphereio/multus-cni:v3.8
  - registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/kubesphereio/provisioner-localpv:3.3.0
  - registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/kubesphereio/linux-utils:3.3.0
  - registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/kubesphereio/haproxy:2.9.6-alpine
  - registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/kubesphereio/kube-vip:v0.7.2
  - registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/kubesphereio/node-feature-discovery:v0.10.0
  ## ks-core
  - registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/kubesphereio/ks-apiserver:v4.1.2
  - swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/kubesphere/ks-console:v4.1.2
  - registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/kubesphereio/ks-controller-manager:v4.1.2
  - registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/kubesphereio/kubectl:v1.27.16
  - registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/kubesphereio/redis:7.2.4-alpine
  - registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/kubesphereio/haproxy:2.9.6-alpine
  - registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/kubesphereio/ks-extensions-museum:v1.1.2
  ## devops
  - swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/kubesphere/devops-apiserver:v4.1.2
  - swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/kubesphere/devops-controller:v4.1.2
  - swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/kubesphere/devops-tools:v4.1.2
  - swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/kubesphere/devops-jenkins:v4.1.2-2.346.3
  - swr.cn-southwest-2.myhuaweicloud.com/ks/jenkins/inbound-agent:4.10-2
  - swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/kubesphere/builder-base:v3.2.2
  - swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/kubesphere/builder-nodejs:v3.2.0
  - swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/kubesphere/builder-maven:v3.2.0
  - swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/kubesphere/builder-maven:v3.2.1-jdk11
  - swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/kubesphere/builder-python:v3.2.0
  - swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/kubesphere/builder-go:v3.2.0
  - swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/kubesphere/builder-go:v3.2.2-1.16
  - swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/kubesphere/builder-go:v3.2.2-1.17
  - swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/kubesphere/builder-go:v3.2.2-1.18
  - swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/kubesphere/builder-base:v3.2.2-podman
  - swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/kubesphere/builder-nodejs:v3.2.0-podman
  - swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/kubesphere/builder-maven:v3.2.0-podman
  - swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/kubesphere/builder-maven:v3.2.1-jdk11-podman
  - swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/kubesphere/builder-python:v3.2.0-podman
  - swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/kubesphere/builder-go:v3.2.0-podman
  - swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/kubesphere/builder-go:v3.2.2-1.16-podman
  - swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/kubesphere/builder-go:v3.2.2-1.17-podman
  - swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/kubesphere/builder-go:v3.2.2-1.18-podman
  - swr.cn-southwest-2.myhuaweicloud.com/ks/argoproj/argocd:v2.3.3
  - swr.cn-southwest-2.myhuaweicloud.com/ks/argoproj/argocd-applicationset:v0.4.1
  - swr.cn-southwest-2.myhuaweicloud.com/ks/dexidp/dex:v2.30.2
  - swr.cn-southwest-2.myhuaweicloud.com/ks/library/redis:6.2.6-alpine
  ## whizard-monitoring
  - swr.cn-southwest-2.myhuaweicloud.com/ks/kubesphere/kubectl:v1.27.12
  - swr.cn-southwest-2.myhuaweicloud.com/ks/kubesphere/kube-state-metrics:v2.12.0
  - swr.cn-southwest-2.myhuaweicloud.com/ks/kubespheredev/kube-webhook-certgen:v20221220-controller-v1.5.1-58-g787ea74b6
  - swr.cn-southwest-2.myhuaweicloud.com/ks/thanosio/thanos:v0.36.1
  - swr.cn-southwest-2.myhuaweicloud.com/ks/brancz/kube-rbac-proxy:v0.18.0
  - swr.cn-southwest-2.myhuaweicloud.com/ks/prometheus-operator/prometheus-config-reloader:v0.75.1
  - swr.cn-southwest-2.myhuaweicloud.com/ks/prometheus-operator/prometheus-operator:v0.75.1
  - swr.cn-southwest-2.myhuaweicloud.com/ks/prometheus/node-exporter:v1.8.1
  - swr.cn-southwest-2.myhuaweicloud.com/ks/prometheus/prometheus:v2.51.2
  - swr.cn-southwest-2.myhuaweicloud.com/ks/kubesphere/dcgm-exporter:3.3.5-3.4.0-ubuntu22.04
  - swr.cn-southwest-2.myhuaweicloud.com/ks/kubesphere/process-exporter:0.5.0
  - swr.cn-southwest-2.myhuaweicloud.com/ks/nginxinc/nginx-unprivileged:1.24
  - swr.cn-southwest-2.myhuaweicloud.com/ks/kubesphere/calico-exporter:v0.3.0
  - swr.cn-southwest-2.myhuaweicloud.com/ks/kubesphere/whizard-monitoring-helm-init:v0.1.0
  ## whizard-telemetry
  - swr.cn-southwest-2.myhuaweicloud.com/ks/kubesphere/whizard-telemetry-apiserver:v1.2.2
  registry:
    auths: {}
```

---

## 8. 部署 KubeSphere Core
将 **ks-core-1.1.3.tgz** 传到任意控制节点后执行：

```bash
helm upgrade --install -n kubesphere-system --create-namespace ks-core ks-core-1.1.3.tgz \
  --set global.imageRegistry=dockerhub.kubekey.local/ks \
  --set extension.imageRegistry=dockerhub.kubekey.local/ks \
  --set ksExtensionRepository.image.tag=v1.1.2 \
  --set ha.enabled=true \
  --set redisHA.enabled=true \
  --set hostClusterName=opsxlabs-main \
  --debug --wait
```

验证：
```bash
kubectl get pods -n kubesphere-system
```

---

## 9. 访问 KubeSphere
- URL：**http://<任意控制节点 IP>:30880**  
- 默认账号：`admin / P@88w0rd`（首次登录强制修改为 `Ceagle2025:`）

---

## 10. 常见问题速查
| 症状 | 解决 |
|---|---|
| 节点 NotReady / 镜像拉取失败 | 检查 `/etc/hosts` 是否包含 `192.168.11.4 dockerhub.kubekey.local` |
| 证书不信任 | 将 `/etc/docker/certs.d/dockerhub.kubekey.local/ca.crt` 分发到所有节点 `/etc/ssl/certs/` 并执行 `update-ca-certificates` |
| Pod 无法分配 IP | 确认 Calico Pod 正常运行，物理网络 MTU ≥ 1450 |
| KubeSphere 扩展仓库加载失败 | 确保 `ksExtensionRepository.image.tag` 与离线包内版本一致 |

---

## 11. 一键清理（如需重装）
```bash
./kk delete cluster -f config-sample.yaml
docker system prune -af
rm -rf /data/openebs /mnt/registry
```

---

## 12. 参考资料
- [KubeSphere 和 K8s 高可用集群离线部署全攻略](https://ask.kubesphere.com.cn/forum/d/24489-kubesphere-he-k8s-gao-ke-yong-ji-qun-chi-xian-bu-shu-quan-gong-lue)
- [离线安装包下载](https://get-images.kubesphere.io/)
- [服务器安装依赖](https://github.com/kubesphere/kubekey#requirements-and-recommendations)

至此，一套 **离线、高可用、生产级** 的 KubeSphere v4.1.2 + Kubernetes v1.30.6 集群即部署完毕，所有配置文件与验证输出均已给出，复制即可在任何隔离网络复现。祝使用愉快！

在绝大多数企业生产环境中，集群节点无法直接访问公网，离线交付成为常态。本文基于 KubeKey v3.1.7 官方最佳实践，手把手演示如何在一套 完全离线 的 Ubuntu 22.04.5 LTS 裸金属服务器上，交付一套 三控制平面 + 三节点 etcd + 多工作节点 的 高可用 Kubernetes v1.30.6 集群，并在此基础上部署 KubeSphere v4.1.2 全栈容器平台，实现 DevOps、监控、日志、告警、扩展组件仓库等企业级能力。

离线部署 KubeSphere v4.1.2 + Kubernetes v1.30.6 生产级指南

在绝大多数企业生产环境中，集群节点无法直接访问公网，离线交付成为常态。本文基于 KubeKey v3.1.7 官方最佳实践，手把手演示如何在一套 完全离线 的 Ubuntu 22.04.5 LTS 裸金属服务器上，交付一套 三控制平面 + 三节点 etcd + 多工作节点 的 高可用 Kubernetes v1.30.6 集群，并在此基础上部署 KubeSphere v4.1.2 全栈容器平台

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手把手教你离线部署KubeSpherev4.1.2+Kubernetesv1.30.6高可用集群，包含3控制平面+3etcd+多工作节点架构，使用KubeKeyv3.1.7在Ubuntu22.04上实现完全离线安装，提供完整config-sample.yaml和manifest-sample.yaml模板，集成DevOps、监控、日志等企业级功能，支持对接自建Harbor仓库。

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功能1上新10个字符

功能2描述100个字符功能2描述100个字符功能2描述100个字符功能2描述100个字符功能2描述100个字符功能2描述100个字符功能2描述100个字符功能2描述100个字符功能2描述100个字符。

功能2上新100个字符功能2上新100个字符功能2上新100个字符功能2上新100个字符功能2上新100个字符功能2上新100个字符功能2上新100个字符功能2上新100个字符功能2上新100个字符。

功能5描述100个字符功能5描述100个字符功能5描述100个字符功能5描述100个字符功能5描述100个字符功能5描述100个字符

功能5上新100个字符功能5上新100个字符功能5上新100个字符功能5上新100个字符功能5上新100个字符功能5上新100个字符功能5上新100个字符功能5上新100个字符功能5上新100个字符功能5上新100个字符

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