如何python请求大量网站的首页，并且截图保存到本地

pip install playwright
playwright install chromium  # 安装 Chromium 浏览器

import asyncio
from playwright.async_api import async_playwright
import os

# 要截图的网站列表
URLS = [
    "https://www.jsonla.com",
    "https://www.jsonla.com/kuaizhao/",
    # 添加更多 URL...
]

# 截图保存目录
OUTPUT_DIR = "screenshots"
os.makedirs(OUTPUT_DIR, exist_ok=True)

async def take_screenshot(page, url, filename):
    try:
        print(f"正在访问: {url}")
        await page.goto(url, timeout=30000)  # 最多等待30秒
        await page.wait_for_load_state("networkidle")  # 等待网络空闲
        await page.screenshot(path=os.path.join(OUTPUT_DIR, filename), full_page=True)
        print(f"✅ 已保存: {filename}")
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"❌ 失败 ({url}): {e}")

async def main():
    async with async_playwright() as p:
        browser = await p.chromium.launch(headless=True)  # 无头模式
        context = await browser.new_context(
            viewport={"width": 1920, "height": 1080},
            user_agent="Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36"
        )
        
        # 可选：限制并发数量（避免资源耗尽）
        semaphore = asyncio.Semaphore(5)  # 同时最多5个任务

        async def bounded_screenshot(url):
            async with semaphore:
                page = await context.new_page()
                domain = url.replace("https://", "").replace("http://", "").rstrip("/")
                filename = f"{domain}.png"
                await take_screenshot(page, url, filename)
                await page.close()

        tasks = [bounded_screenshot(url) for url in URLS]
        await asyncio.gather(*tasks)

        await browser.close()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    asyncio.run(main())