最全百科：什么是邮件群发系统？定义、功能、行业、特点

from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from datetime import datetime
import json

class EmailCampaignSystem:
    """邮件群发系统核心类"""
    
    def __init__(self, smtp_server, smtp_port, username, password):
        self.smtp_server = smtp_server
        self.smtp_port = smtp_port
        self.username = username
        self.password = password
        self.contacts = []
        self.templates = {}
        self.campaign_stats = {
            'sent': 0,
            'delivered': 0,
            'opened': 0,
            'clicked': 0
        }
    
    def add_contact(self, email, name, tags=None):
        """添加联系人到邮件群发系统"""
        contact = {
            'email': email,
            'name': name,
            'tags': tags or [],
            'subscribed': True,
            'created_at': datetime.now().isoformat()
        }
        self.contacts.append(contact)
        print(f"联系人 {name} ({email}) 已添加到邮件群发系统")
    
    def create_template(self, template_name, subject, content):
        """创建邮件模板"""
        self.templates[template_name] = {
            'subject': subject,
            'content': content,
            'created_at': datetime.now().isoformat()
        }
        print(f"邮件模板 '{template_name}' 创建成功")
    
    def segment_contacts(self, tag_filter=None):
        """根据标签细分联系人"""
        if not tag_filter:
            return [c for c in self.contacts if c['subscribed']]
        
        filtered_contacts = []
        for contact in self.contacts:
            if contact['subscribed'] and tag_filter in contact['tags']:
                filtered_contacts.append(contact)
        
        return filtered_contacts
    
    def personalize_content(self, content, contact):
        """个性化邮件内容"""
        personalized = content.replace('{{name}}', contact['name'])
        personalized = personalized.replace('{{email}}', contact['email'])
        return personalized
    
    def send_campaign(self, template_name, recipient_filter=None):
        """发送邮件群发活动"""
        if template_name not in self.templates:
            print(f"错误：模板 '{template_name}' 不存在")
            return False
        
        template = self.templates[template_name]
        recipients = self.segment_contacts(recipient_filter)
        
        if not recipients:
            print("没有找到符合条件的收件人")
            return False
        
        try:
            # 连接SMTP服务器
            server = smtplib.SMTP(self.smtp_server, self.smtp_port)
            server.starttls()
            server.login(self.username, self.password)
            
            success_count = 0
            
            for contact in recipients:
                try:
                    # 创建邮件
                    msg = MIMEMultipart()
                    msg['From'] = self.username
                    msg['To'] = contact['email']
                    msg['Subject'] = template['subject']
                    
                    # 个性化内容
                    personalized_content = self.personalize_content(
                        template['content'], contact
                    )
                    
                    msg.attach(MIMEText(personalized_content, 'html'))
                    
                    # 发送邮件
                    server.send_message(msg)
                    success_count += 1
                    
                    print(f"邮件已发送给: {contact['name']} ({contact['email']})")
                    
                except Exception as e:
                    print(f"发送失败 {contact['email']}: {str(e)}")
            
            server.quit()
            
            # 更新统计数据
            self.campaign_stats['sent'] += success_count
            self.campaign_stats['delivered'] += success_count
            
            print(f"\n邮件群发完成！成功发送 {success_count} 封邮件")
            return True
            
        except Exception as e:
            print(f"SMTP连接错误: {str(e)}")
            return False
    
    def get_campaign_report(self):
        """获取营销活动报告"""
        report = {
            'total_contacts': len(self.contacts),
            'active_contacts': len([c for c in self.contacts if c['subscribed']]),
            'campaign_stats': self.campaign_stats,
            'open_rate': f"{(self.campaign_stats['opened'] / max(self.campaign_stats['sent'], 1) * 100):.2f}%",
            'click_rate': f"{(self.campaign_stats['clicked'] / max(self.campaign_stats['sent'], 1) * 100):.2f}%"
        }
        return report
    
    def automation_workflow(self, trigger_event, template_name, delay_hours=0):
        """自动化工作流程"""
        workflow = {
            'trigger': trigger_event,
            'template': template_name,
            'delay': delay_hours,
            'created_at': datetime.now().isoformat(),
            'active': True
        }
        print(f"自动化工作流程已创建：{trigger_event} -> {template_name}")
        return workflow

# 使用示例
if __name__ == "__main__":
    # 初始化邮件群发系统
    email_system = EmailCampaignSystem(
        smtp_server="smtp.gmail.com",
        smtp_port=587,
        username="your_email@gmail.com",
        password="your_password"
    )
    
    # 添加联系人
    email_system.add_contact("customer1@example.com", "张三", ["VIP客户", "电商"])
    email_system.add_contact("customer2@example.com", "李四", ["新客户", "教育"])
    email_system.add_contact("customer3@example.com", "王五", ["VIP客户", "金融"])
    
    # 创建邮件模板
    welcome_template = """
    <html>
    <body>
        <h2>欢迎加入我们，{{name}}！</h2>
        <p>感谢您订阅我们的邮件群发系统。</p>
        <p>我们将为您提供最新的产品信息和优惠活动。</p>
        <p>您的邮箱：{{email}}</p>
        <br>
        <p>祝好！</p>
        <p>Zoho Campaigns团队</p>
    </body>
    </html>
    """
    
    email_system.create_template(
        "welcome_email",
        "欢迎加入我们的邮件群发系统！",
        welcome_template
    )
    
    # 发送群发邮件（模拟，实际需要真实SMTP配置）
    print("\n=== 邮件群发系统演示 ===")
    print("注意：这是演示代码，实际发送需要配置真实的SMTP服务器")
    
    # 创建自动化工作流程
    email_system.automation_workflow("新用户注册", "welcome_email", 1)
    
    # 显示营销报告
    report = email_system.get_campaign_report()
    print(f"\n=== 营销活动报告 ===")
    print(f"总联系人数: {report['total_contacts']}")
    print(f"活跃联系人: {report['active_contacts']}")
    print(f"邮件打开率: {report['open_rate']}")
    print(f"点击率: {report['click_rate']}")