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社区首页 >专栏 >Windows x64内核下注入DLL姿势之一

Windows x64内核下注入DLL姿势之一

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用户10168639
修改2023-07-06 11:39:09
修改2023-07-06 11:39:09
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文章被收录于专栏:Windows内核安全Windows内核安全

1.环境

.Windows 10 20H2

2.工具

.virsual studio 2019、IDA Pro、WinDbg、VMware

3.目的

.在内核中实现对64位进程进行朴素地DLL注入

4.实验原理

.首先要说一下三环下实现远程线程DLL注入的工艺流程:

.0x1:通过OpenProcess获取目标进程句柄;
.0x2:通过VirtualAllocEx在目标进程内申请一块可读可写内存;
.0x3:通过WriteProcessMemoryloadlibraryA的参数,也就是待注入DLL的路径,写入刚申请的内存;
.0x4:通过CreateRemoteThread对目标进程创建远程线程,线程指向LoadLibraryA函数,参数便是刚写入申请内存的DLL路径;
.0x5:等待线程注入DLL完毕,释放申请的虚拟内存,关闭句柄.
.0x6:代码例子
代码语言:c
复制
#include <iostream>

#include<Windows.h>

using namespace std;

//目标进程ID,动态链接库的路径

BOOL inject(DWORD dwProcessId, const WCHAR \* szFilePath) {

        //进程全部的权限,句柄继承(通常为FALSE),目标进程ID

        HANDLE hProcess = OpenProcess(PROCESS\_ALL\_ACCESS, FALSE, dwProcessId);//返回的是进程句柄

        //目标进程句柄,需要开辟的地址(NULL为操作系统分配),需要分配地址的大小,现在操作的类型,提供可读可写的属性

        LPVOID lpAddress = VirtualAllocEx(hProcess, NULL, 0x100, MEM\_COMMIT | MEM\_RESERVE, PAGE\_READWRITE);

        //目标进程句柄,写到什么位置的地址,需要写的内容,需要写的长度,写入的宽度(用地址的形式传值)

        SIZE\_T dwRet = 0;

        BOOL bRet = WriteProcessMemory(hProcess, lpAddress, szFilePath, ((wcslen(szFilePath) + 1) \* 2), &dwRet);

        //判断是否写入失败

        if (!bRet) {

                return FALSE;

        }

        //目标进程句柄,安全特性(通常为NULL),栈的尺寸(可以为NULL),该线程函数启动地址(强制转换类型为LPTHREAD\_START\_ROUTINE,可用LoadLibraryW加载),需要提供的参数(此处为需要写入的地址),标志(可以为NULL),线程ID(可以为NULL)

        HANDLE hThread = CreateRemoteThread(hProcess, NULL, NULL, (LPTHREAD\_START\_ROUTINE)LoadLibraryW, lpAddress, NULL, NULL);

        //-1代表一直等

        WaitForSingleObject(hThread, -1);

        VirtualFreeEx(hProcess, lpAddress, ((wcslen(szFilePath) + 1) \* 2), MEM\_RELEASE);

        CloseHandle(hThread);

        CloseHandle(hProcess);

}



int main()

{

        getchar();

        inject(16444, L"C:\\Users\\demo\\Desktop\\Dll1.dll");

        system("pause");

        return 0;

}

.在零环下,我们知道内核下是不能直接调用这些函数进行注入的,但是思路是不变的,只是调用的函数变了,有些3环下对应的内核函数在内核下是不被公开的,所以我思路中采用了很多特征码定位函数地址,接下来我们就说说详细思路:

.0x1:因为我们在内核下不能直接调用LoadLibraryA函数,但是这个函数又是在KERNEL32.DLL模块中的,所以第一步我们需要获取模块的函数地址,在内核中我们通过遍历EPROCESS--->Peb--->Ldr-->InLoadOrderModuleList--->BaseDllName DllBase,如果BaseDllName等于KERNEL32.DLL的话就返回对应的DllBase,也就是KERNEL32.DLL模块在内存中的地址,实现代码如下:

代码语言:c
复制
//hPid传入一个64位进程,且进程中加载了KERNEL32.DLL

//unModule传入模块名,这里我们传KERNEL32.DLL

//pSize传入一个记录模块大小变量的指针

ULONG64 GetProcessModule(HANDLE hPid, UNICODE\_STRING unModule,PULONG pSize)

{

        PEPROCESS pEprocess = NULL;

        NTSTATUS st = STATUS\_SUCCESS;

        PPEB pPeb = ExAllocatePool(NonPagedPool,sizeof(pEprocess));

        PPEB\_LDR\_DATA pPebLdr = NULL;

        PLDR\_DATA\_TABLE\_ENTRY pFirLdrForPebLdr = NULL;

        PLDR\_DATA\_TABLE\_ENTRY pDataLdr = NULL;

        PLDR\_DATA\_TABLE\_ENTRY pDataLdrTmp = NULL;

        KAPC\_STATE kApc;

        ULONG64 uRetAddr = 0;

        st = PsLookupProcessByProcessId(hPid, &pEprocess);

        if (!NT\_SUCCESS(st))

        {

                ObDereferenceObject(pEprocess);

                return;

        }

        pPeb = PsGetProcessPeb(pEprocess);

        KeStackAttachProcess(pEprocess, &kApc);

        if (pPeb)

        {

                if (MmIsAddressValid(&(pPeb->Ldr)))

                {

                        pPebLdr = pPeb->Ldr;

                        pFirLdrForPebLdr = pPebLdr->InLoadOrderModuleList.Blink;

                        pDataLdr = pFirLdrForPebLdr->InLoadOrderLinks.Flink;

                        pDataLdrTmp = pDataLdr;

                        do

                        {

                                DbgPrintEx(77, 0, "[db]%wZ,地址:%llx\n", pDataLdrTmp->BaseDllName, pDataLdrTmp->DllBase);

                                if (RtlEqualUnicodeString(&(pDataLdrTmp->BaseDllName), &unModule,FALSE))

                                {

                                        \*pSize = pDataLdrTmp->SizeOfImage;

                                        uRetAddr = (ULONG64)pDataLdrTmp->DllBase;

                                        break;

                                }

                                pDataLdrTmp = pDataLdrTmp->InLoadOrderLinks.Flink;

                        } while (pDataLdrTmp!= pDataLdr);

                }        

        }

        KeUnstackDetachProcess(&kApc);

        return uRetAddr;

}

.0x2:既然我们拿到了KERNEL32.DLL的模块地址,那么我们接下来就是需要再去拿一下LoadLibraryA的函数地址,这里我们采用特征码搜索,我们把KERNEL32.DLL拖入IDA Pro解析完符号后定位到LoadLibraryA函数或者附近看看有没有特征性比较强的字节段,有点话就可以直接使用特征码搜索便可以找到LoadLibraryA的函数地址了,以下是IDA Pro解析LoadLibraryA函数字节段的内容:

代码语言:c
复制
.text:0000000180020C32                               loc\_180020C32:                        

.text:0000000180020C32 85 C0                         test    eax, eax

.text:0000000180020C34 0F 95 C1                      setnz   cl

.text:0000000180020C37 33 C0                         xor     eax, eax

.text:0000000180020C39 41 89 09                      mov     [r9], ecx

.text:0000000180020C3C C3                            retn

.text:0000000180020C3C

.text:0000000180020C3C                               sub\_180020C20 endp

.text:0000000180020C3C

.text:0000000180020C3C                               ;

.text:0000000180020C3D CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC+db 13h dup(0CCh)

.text:0000000180020C50                               ; Exported entry 969. LoadLibraryA

.text:0000000180020C50

.text:0000000180020C50                               ; =============== S U B R O U T I N E ===================

.text:0000000180020C50

.text:0000000180020C50                               ; Attributes: thunk

.text:0000000180020C50

.text:0000000180020C50                               ; HMODULE \_\_stdcall LoadLibraryA(LPCSTR lpLibFileName)

.text:0000000180020C50                               public LoadLibraryA

.text:0000000180020C50                               LoadLibraryA proc near                 

.text:0000000180020C50                                                                     

.text:0000000180020C50                                                                       

.text:0000000180020C50 48 FF 25 19 19 06 00          jmp     cs:LoadLibraryA\_0                                             
.我们可以看到在0000000180020C32处有一段固定的字节码,而0000000180020C50便是我们LoadLibraryA函数的地址,所以我们只要找到0000000180020C32处的字节码位置便可轻易地通过偏移+0x1e得到LoadLibraryA函数的地址,此处用到了特征码搜索,使用方法我以前的帖子说过,这里就不再赘述,代码如下:
代码语言:c
复制
PVOID SearchSpecialCode(PVOID pSearchBeginAddr, ULONG ulSearchLength, PUCHAR pSpecialCode, ULONG ulSpecialCodeLength)

{

        PVOID pDestAddr = NULL;

        PUCHAR pBeginAddr = (PUCHAR)pSearchBeginAddr;

        PUCHAR pEndAddr = pBeginAddr + ulSearchLength;

        PUCHAR i = NULL;

        ULONG j = 0;



        for (i = pBeginAddr; i <= pEndAddr; i++)

        {

                // 遍历特征码

                for (j = 0; j < ulSpecialCodeLength; j++)

                {

                        // 判断地址是否有效

                        if (FALSE == MmIsAddressValid((PVOID)(i + j)))

                        {

                                break;

                        }

                        // 匹配特征码

                        if (\*(PUCHAR)(i + j) != pSpecialCode[j])

                        {

                                break;

                        }

                }



                // 匹配成功

                if (j >= ulSpecialCodeLength)

                {

                        pDestAddr = (PVOID)i;

                        break;

                }

        }

        return pDestAddr;

}
.LoadLibraryA函数地址查找代码如下:
代码语言:c
复制
unsigned char loadliboffsetcode[] =

        {

          0x85, 0xC0, 0x0F, 0x95, 0xC1, 0x33, 0xC0, 0x41, 0x89, 0x09,

          0xC3

        };

pLoadLibAddr = SearchSpecialCode(pKernel32ModulAddr, uKernel32ModulSize, loadliboffsetcode, 11);

pLoadLibAddr = (PUCHAR)pLoadLibAddr + 0x1e;

.0x3:现在我们已经拿到LoadLibraryA函数地址了,接下来就是在目标进程内申请一段可读可写的虚拟内存了,内核中是由对应函数可以实现申请虚拟内存的

.申请函数是:
代码语言:c
复制
NTSYSAPI

NTSTATUS

NTAPI

ZwAllocateVirtualMemory (

    \_\_in HANDLE ProcessHandle,

    \_\_inout PVOID \*BaseAddress,

    \_\_in ULONG\_PTR ZeroBits,

    \_\_inout PSIZE\_T RegionSize,

    \_\_in ULONG AllocationType,

    \_\_in ULONG Protect

    );
.释放的函数:
代码语言:c
复制
NTSYSAPI

NTSTATUS

NTAPI

ZwFreeVirtualMemory (

    \_\_in HANDLE ProcessHandle,

    \_\_inout PVOID \*BaseAddress,

    \_\_inout PSIZE\_T RegionSize,

    \_\_in ULONG FreeType

    );
.在申请时,第一个参数填入需要申请的目标进程句柄,这里可以先通过PsLookupProcessByProcessId函数获取进程EPROCESS结构,再通过ObOpenObjectByPointer获取进程句柄,第二个参数填入申请得到的内存地址的二级指针,第三个参数NULL,第四个参数填入你要申请内存的大小的指针,第五个参数填入MEM\_COMMIT(提交内存),第六个参数填入你想要申请的内存保护类型,填入PAGE\_READWRITE就行,代码如下:
代码语言:c
复制
st = ZwAllocateVirtualMemory(hProcess,

                &pVirsualAddr,

                0,

                ®ionSize,

                MEM\_COMMIT,

                PAGE\_READWRITE);

.0x4:现在已经申请得到内存,那我们就需要把我们的参数写入刚申请的内存区域就行,使用KeStackAttachProcess 附加上目标进程后使用 RtlCopyMemory把DLL路径拷贝进去就行了,代码如下:

代码语言:c
复制
KeStackAttachProcess(pTargetProcess, &kapcstate);

RtlZeroMemory(pVirsualAddr, regionSize);

RtlCopyMemory(pVirsualAddr, path,strlen(path));

.0x5:这时候我们还差一步,就是创建线程,但是内核中没有CreateRemoteThread函数,所以我们需要用一个系统函数NtCreateThreadEx函数,但是这个函数是未公开的,所以我们需要通过特征码去定位这个函数地址,和第二步的方法差不多,这里我直接给出NtCreateThreadEx函数原型和查找函数地址代码:

代码语言:c
复制
typedef NTSTATUS (\*ZwCreateThreadEx)(

        PHANDLE                 ThreadHandle,

        ACCESS\_MASK             DesiredAccess,

        POBJECT\_ATTRIBUTES      ObjectAttributes,

        HANDLE                  ProcessHandle,

        PVOID    StartRoutine,

        PVOID                   StartContext,

        ULONG                   CreateThreadFlags,

        SIZE\_T                  ZeroBits,

        SIZE\_T                  StackSize,

        SIZE\_T                  MaximumStackSize,

        PPS\_ATTRIBUTE\_LIST      AttributeList

);
代码语言:c
复制
unsigned char ZwCreateThreadCode[] =

{

        0x40,0x55,0x53,0x56,0x57,0x41,0x54,0x41,0x55,0x41,0x56,0x41,0x57,

        0x48,0x81,0xec,0x28,0x03,0x00,0x00

};
.这里有个注意的是这个函数地址是在ntoskrnl.exe中,所以我们这里需要通过遍历系统模块列表对比去拿到该模块的地址和大小,代码如下:
代码语言:c
复制
ULONG\_PTR GetKernelModuleBase(PUCHAR moduleName, PULONG pModuleSize) {

        RTL\_PROCESS\_MODULES SysModules = { 0 };

        PRTL\_PROCESS\_MODULES pModules = &SysModules;

        ULONG SystemInformationLength = 0;

        //查询系统中所有内核模块,底层也是遍历链表

        NTSTATUS status = ZwQuerySystemInformation(SystemModuleInformation, pModules, sizeof(RTL\_PROCESS\_MODULES), &SystemInformationLength);

        if (status == STATUS\_INFO\_LENGTH\_MISMATCH) {

                pModules = ExAllocatePool(NonPagedPool, SystemInformationLength + sizeof(RTL\_PROCESS\_MODULES));

                RtlZeroMemory(pModules, SystemInformationLength + sizeof(RTL\_PROCESS\_MODULES));

                status = ZwQuerySystemInformation(SystemModuleInformation, pModules, SystemInformationLength + sizeof(RTL\_PROCESS\_MODULES), &SystemInformationLength);

                if (!NT\_SUCCESS(status)) {

                        ExFreePool(pModules);

                        return 0;

                }

        }

        if (!strcmp("ntoskrnl.exe", moduleName) || !strcmp("ntkrnlpa.exe", moduleName)) {

                \*pModuleSize = pModules->Modules[0].ImageSize;

                ULONG\_PTR ret = pModules->Modules[0].ImageBase;

                if (SystemInformationLength) {

                        ExFreePool(pModules);

                }

                return ret;

        }

        for (ULONG i = 0; i < pModules->NumberOfModules; i++) {

                if (strstr(pModules->Modules[i].FullPathName, moduleName)) {

                        \*pModuleSize = pModules->Modules[i].ImageSize;

                        ULONG\_PTR ret = pModules->Modules[i].ImageBase;

                        if (SystemInformationLength) {

                                ExFreePool(pModules);

                        }

                        //返回模块地址

                        return ret;

                }

        }

        if (SystemInformationLength) {

                ExFreePool(pModules);

        }

        return 0;

}
代码语言:c
复制
pZwCreatThraedFuncAddr = SearchSpecialCode(pNtoskrnlModulAddr, uNtoskrnlModulSize, ZwCreateThreadCode, 17);

if (pZwCreatThraedFuncAddr)

{

    DbgPrintEx(77, 0, "[db]pZwCreatThraedFuncAddr:%llx\n", pZwCreatThraedFuncAddr);

}
.随后我们便可以调用这个函数去创建线程,代码如下:
代码语言:c
复制
mycreate = pZwCreatThraedFuncAddr;

st = mycreate(&hThread, THREAD\_ALL\_ACCESS, NULL, hProcess,pLoadLibAddr, pVirsualAddr,0x2, 0, 0, 0, NULL);

DbgPrintEx(77, 0, "[db]创建线程状态st:%d\n", st);
.函数参数的意义如下:
  1. **ThreadHandle:指向一个HANDLE类型的指针,用于接收新创建线程的句柄。**
  2. **DesiredAccess:指定请求的访问权限,包括THREAD_ALL_ACCESS、THREAD_DIRECT_IMPERSONATION、THREAD_GET_CONTEXT、THREAD_IMPERSONATE、THREAD_QUERY_INFORMATION、THREAD_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION、THREAD_SET_CONTEXT、THREAD_SET_INFORMATION、THREAD_SET_LIMITED_INFORMATION、THREAD_SET_THREAD_TOKEN等。**
  3. **ObjectAttributes:指向一个OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES类型的结构体,用于指定对象的属性,例如对象名、安全描述符等。如果为NULL,则使用默认属性。**
  4. **ProcessHandle:指定目标进程的句柄。如果为NULL,则表示创建的线程与当前进程关联。**
  5. **ClientId:指向一个CLIENT_ID类型的结构体,用于接收新创建线程的客户端ID。**
  6. **StartRoutine:指向新线程的起始函数。**
  7. **StartContext:指向一个参数,传递给起始函数。**
  8. **CreateFlag:进程创建的标志。**
  9. **StackZeroBits:指定堆栈的起始地址的位数。例如,如果指定4,则堆栈的起始地址必须是16的倍数。**
  10. **StackSize:指定线程堆栈的大小。**
  11. **MaximumStackSize:指定线程堆栈的最大大小。**
.其中CreateFlag参数填2的原因是想让其创建后挂起等待我们使用NtResumeThread去恢复线程执行,其NtResumeThread也是未公开的,我们也需要特征码去搜索,当然如果你想线程创建后就执行的话CreateFlag填0就行了,不需要使用NtResumeThread了,NtResumeThread的函数原型以及函数地址搜索代码如下:
代码语言:c
复制
typedef NTSTATUS

(\*NtResumeThread)(

        \_\_in HANDLE ThreadHandle,

        \_\_out\_opt PULONG PreviousSuspendCount

);
代码语言:c
复制
pNtResumeThreadFuncAddr = SearchSpecialCode(pNtoskrnlModulAddr, uNtoskrnlModulSize, NtResumeThreadcode, 14);

if (pNtResumeThreadFuncAddr)

{

    DbgPrintEx(77, 0, "[db]pNtResumeThreadFuncAddr:%llx\n", pNtResumeThreadFuncAddr);

}

0x6:完整代码:

代码语言:c
复制
//tool.h

#pragma once

#include <ntifs.h>

#include <string.h>

#include <ntimage.h>



typedef struct \_INITIAL\_TEB {

        struct {

                PVOID OldStackBase;

                PVOID OldStackLimit;

        } OldInitialTeb;

        PVOID StackBase;

        PVOID StackLimit;

        PVOID StackAllocationBase;

} INITIAL\_TEB, \* PINITIAL\_TEB;





typedef struct \_RTL\_PROCESS\_MODULE\_INFORMATION {

        HANDLE Section;                 // Not filled in

        PVOID MappedBase;

        PVOID ImageBase;

        ULONG ImageSize;

        ULONG Flags;

        USHORT LoadOrderIndex;

        USHORT InitOrderIndex;

        USHORT LoadCount;

        USHORT OffsetToFileName;

        UCHAR  FullPathName[256];

} RTL\_PROCESS\_MODULE\_INFORMATION, \* PRTL\_PROCESS\_MODULE\_INFORMATION;



typedef struct \_RTL\_PROCESS\_MODULES {

        ULONG NumberOfModules;

        RTL\_PROCESS\_MODULE\_INFORMATION Modules[1];

} RTL\_PROCESS\_MODULES, \* PRTL\_PROCESS\_MODULES;







//0x58 bytes (sizeof)

typedef struct \_PEB\_LDR\_DATA

{

        ULONG Length;                                                           //0x0

        UCHAR Initialized;                                                      //0x4

        PVOID SsHandle;                                                         //0x8

        LIST\_ENTRY InLoadOrderModuleList;                               //0x10

        LIST\_ENTRY InMemoryOrderModuleList;                             //0x20

        LIST\_ENTRY InInitializationOrderModuleList;                     //0x30

        PVOID EntryInProgress;                                                  //0x40

        UCHAR ShutdownInProgress;                                               //0x48

        PVOID ShutdownThreadId;                                                 //0x50

}PEB\_LDR\_DATA, \* PPEB\_LDR\_DATA;





//0x7c8 bytes (sizeof)

typedef struct \_PEB

{

        UCHAR InheritedAddressSpace;                                            //0x0

        UCHAR ReadImageFileExecOptions;                                         //0x1

        UCHAR BeingDebugged;                                                    //0x2

        union

        {

                UCHAR BitField;                                                     //0x3

                struct

                {

                        UCHAR ImageUsesLargePages : 1;                                    //0x3

                        UCHAR IsProtectedProcess : 1;                                     //0x3

                        UCHAR IsImageDynamicallyRelocated : 1;                            //0x3

                        UCHAR SkipPatchingUser32Forwarders : 1;                           //0x3

                        UCHAR IsPackagedProcess : 1;                                      //0x3

                        UCHAR IsAppContainer : 1;                                         //0x3

                        UCHAR IsProtectedProcessLight : 1;                                //0x3

                        UCHAR IsLongPathAwareProcess : 1;                                 //0x3

                };

        };

        UCHAR Padding0[4];                                                      //0x4

        PVOID Mutant;                                                           //0x8

        PVOID ImageBaseAddress;                                                 //0x10

        PEB\_LDR\_DATA\* Ldr;                                              //0x18                    //0xc                         //0x18

}PEB,\*PPEB;









//0x120 bytes (sizeof)

typedef struct \_LDR\_DATA\_TABLE\_ENTRY

{

        LIST\_ENTRY InLoadOrderLinks;                                    //0x0

        LIST\_ENTRY InMemoryOrderLinks;                                  //0x10

        LIST\_ENTRY InInitializationOrderLinks;                          //0x20

        PVOID DllBase;                                                          //0x30

        PVOID EntryPoint;                                                       //0x38

        ULONG SizeOfImage;                                                      //0x40

        UNICODE\_STRING FullDllName;                                     //0x48

        UNICODE\_STRING BaseDllName;                                     //0x58                       //0x11c

}LDR\_DATA\_TABLE\_ENTRY,\*PLDR\_DATA\_TABLE\_ENTRY;







typedef struct \_PS\_ATTRIBUTE {

        ULONG\_PTR Attribute;

        SIZE\_T Size;

        union {

                ULONG\_PTR Value;

                PVOID ValuePtr;

        } u1;

        PSIZE\_T ReturnLength;

} PS\_ATTRIBUTE, \* PPS\_ATTRIBUTE;



typedef struct \_PS\_ATTRIBUTE\_LIST {

        SIZE\_T TotalLength;

        PS\_ATTRIBUTE Attributes[1];

} PS\_ATTRIBUTE\_LIST, \* PPS\_ATTRIBUTE\_LIST;





PVOID SearchSpecialCode(PVOID pSearchBeginAddr, ULONG ulSearchLength, PUCHAR pSpecialCode, ULONG ulSpecialCodeLength);



NTSYSAPI

NTSTATUS

NTAPI ZwQuerySystemInformation(

        IN ULONG SystemInformationClass,

        IN OUT PVOID SystemInformation,

        IN ULONG SystemInformationLength,

        OUT PULONG ReturnLength

);







typedef NTSTATUS (\*ZwCreateThreadEx)(

        PHANDLE                 ThreadHandle,

        ACCESS\_MASK             DesiredAccess,

        POBJECT\_ATTRIBUTES      ObjectAttributes,

        HANDLE                  ProcessHandle,

        PVOID    StartRoutine,

        PVOID                   StartContext,

        ULONG                   CreateThreadFlags,

        SIZE\_T                  ZeroBits,

        SIZE\_T                  StackSize,

        SIZE\_T                  MaximumStackSize,

        PPS\_ATTRIBUTE\_LIST      AttributeList

);





typedef NTSTATUS

(\*NtResumeThread)(

        \_\_in HANDLE ThreadHandle,

        \_\_out\_opt PULONG PreviousSuspendCount

);





EXTERN\_C

PPEB

PsGetProcessPeb(

        \_\_in PEPROCESS Process

);







typedef enum \_SYSTEM\_INFORMATION\_CLASS {

        SystemBasicInformation,

        SystemProcessorInformation,             // obsolete...delete

        SystemPerformanceInformation,

        SystemTimeOfDayInformation,

        SystemPathInformation,

        SystemProcessInformation,

        SystemCallCountInformation,

        SystemDeviceInformation,

        SystemProcessorPerformanceInformation,

        SystemFlagsInformation,

        SystemCallTimeInformation,

        SystemModuleInformation,

        SystemLocksInformation,

        SystemStackTraceInformation,

        SystemPagedPoolInformation,

        SystemNonPagedPoolInformation,

        SystemHandleInformation,

        SystemObjectInformation,

        SystemPageFileInformation,

        SystemVdmInstemulInformation,

        SystemVdmBopInformation,

        SystemFileCacheInformation,

        SystemPoolTagInformation,

        SystemInterruptInformation,

        SystemDpcBehaviorInformation,

        SystemFullMemoryInformation,

        SystemLoadGdiDriverInformation,

        SystemUnloadGdiDriverInformation,

        SystemTimeAdjustmentInformation,

        SystemSummaryMemoryInformation,

        SystemMirrorMemoryInformation,

        SystemPerformanceTraceInformation,

        SystemObsolete0,

        SystemExceptionInformation,

        SystemCrashDumpStateInformation,

        SystemKernelDebuggerInformation,

        SystemContextSwitchInformation,

        SystemRegistryQuotaInformation,

        SystemExtendServiceTableInformation,

        SystemPrioritySeperation,

        SystemVerifierAddDriverInformation,

        SystemVerifierRemoveDriverInformation,

        SystemProcessorIdleInformation,

        SystemLegacyDriverInformation,

        SystemCurrentTimeZoneInformation,

        SystemLookasideInformation,

        SystemTimeSlipNotification,

        SystemSessionCreate,

        SystemSessionDetach,

        SystemSessionInformation,

        SystemRangeStartInformation,

        SystemVerifierInformation,

        SystemVerifierThunkExtend,

        SystemSessionProcessInformation,

        SystemLoadGdiDriverInSystemSpace,

        SystemNumaProcessorMap,

        SystemPrefetcherInformation,

        SystemExtendedProcessInformation,

        SystemRecommendedSharedDataAlignment,

        SystemComPlusPackage,

        SystemNumaAvailableMemory,

        SystemProcessorPowerInformation,

        SystemEmulationBasicInformation,

        SystemEmulationProcessorInformation,

        SystemExtendedHandleInformation,

        SystemLostDelayedWriteInformation,

        SystemBigPoolInformation,

        SystemSessionPoolTagInformation,

        SystemSessionMappedViewInformation,

        SystemHotpatchInformation,

        SystemObjectSecurityMode,

        SystemWatchdogTimerHandler,

        SystemWatchdogTimerInformation,

        SystemLogicalProcessorInformation,

        SystemWow64SharedInformation,

        SystemRegisterFirmwareTableInformationHandler,

        SystemFirmwareTableInformation,

        SystemModuleInformationEx,

        SystemVerifierTriageInformation,

        SystemSuperfetchInformation,

        SystemMemoryListInformation,

        SystemFileCacheInformationEx,

        MaxSystemInfoClass  // MaxSystemInfoClass should always be the last enum

} SYSTEM\_INFORMATION\_CLASS;

BOOLEAN MDLWriteMemory(PVOID pBaseAddress, PVOID pWriteData, SIZE\_T writeDataSize);

ULONG\_PTR GetKernelModuleBase(PUCHAR moduleName, PULONG pModuleSize);

ULONG64 GetProcessModule(HANDLE hPid,UNICODE\_STRING unModule, PULONG pSize);

NTSTATUS InsertDll(HANDLE hPid, char\* path);
代码语言:c
复制
//tool.c

#include "tool.h"

BOOLEAN MDLWriteMemory(PVOID pBaseAddress, PVOID pWriteData, SIZE\_T writeDataSize)

{

        PMDL pMdl = NULL;

        PVOID pNewAddress = NULL;

        // 创建 MDL

        pMdl = MmCreateMdl(NULL, pBaseAddress, writeDataSize);

        if (NULL == pMdl)

        {

                return FALSE;

        }

        // 更新 MDL 对物理内存的描述

        MmBuildMdlForNonPagedPool(pMdl);

        // 映射到虚拟内存中

        pNewAddress = MmMapLockedPages(pMdl, KernelMode);

        if (NULL == pNewAddress)

        {

                IoFreeMdl(pMdl);

        }

        // 写入数据

        RtlCopyMemory(pNewAddress, pWriteData, writeDataSize);

        // 释放

        MmUnmapLockedPages(pNewAddress, pMdl);

        IoFreeMdl(pMdl);

        return TRUE;

}





ULONG\_PTR GetKernelModuleBase(PUCHAR moduleName, PULONG pModuleSize) {

        RTL\_PROCESS\_MODULES SysModules = { 0 };

        PRTL\_PROCESS\_MODULES pModules = &SysModules;

        ULONG SystemInformationLength = 0;

        //查询系统中所有内核模块,底层也是遍历链表

        NTSTATUS status = ZwQuerySystemInformation(SystemModuleInformation, pModules, sizeof(RTL\_PROCESS\_MODULES), &SystemInformationLength);

        if (status == STATUS\_INFO\_LENGTH\_MISMATCH) {

                pModules = ExAllocatePool(NonPagedPool, SystemInformationLength + sizeof(RTL\_PROCESS\_MODULES));

                RtlZeroMemory(pModules, SystemInformationLength + sizeof(RTL\_PROCESS\_MODULES));

                status = ZwQuerySystemInformation(SystemModuleInformation, pModules, SystemInformationLength + sizeof(RTL\_PROCESS\_MODULES), &SystemInformationLength);

                if (!NT\_SUCCESS(status)) {

                        ExFreePool(pModules);

                        return 0;

                }

        }

        if (!strcmp("ntoskrnl.exe", moduleName) || !strcmp("ntkrnlpa.exe", moduleName)) {

                \*pModuleSize = pModules->Modules[0].ImageSize;

                ULONG\_PTR ret = pModules->Modules[0].ImageBase;

                if (SystemInformationLength) {

                        ExFreePool(pModules);

                }

                return ret;

        }

        for (ULONG i = 0; i < pModules->NumberOfModules; i++) {

                if (strstr(pModules->Modules[i].FullPathName, moduleName)) {

                        \*pModuleSize = pModules->Modules[i].ImageSize;

                        ULONG\_PTR ret = pModules->Modules[i].ImageBase;

                        if (SystemInformationLength) {

                                ExFreePool(pModules);

                        }

                        //返回模块地址

                        return ret;

                }

        }

        if (SystemInformationLength) {

                ExFreePool(pModules);

        }

        return 0;

}



PVOID SearchSpecialCode(PVOID pSearchBeginAddr, ULONG ulSearchLength, PUCHAR pSpecialCode, ULONG ulSpecialCodeLength)

{

        PVOID pDestAddr = NULL;

        PUCHAR pBeginAddr = (PUCHAR)pSearchBeginAddr;

        PUCHAR pEndAddr = pBeginAddr + ulSearchLength;

        PUCHAR i = NULL;

        ULONG j = 0;



        for (i = pBeginAddr; i <= pEndAddr; i++)

        {

                // 遍历特征码

                for (j = 0; j < ulSpecialCodeLength; j++)

                {

                        // 判断地址是否有效

                        if (FALSE == MmIsAddressValid((PVOID)(i + j)))

                        {

                                break;

                        }

                        // 匹配特征码

                        if (\*(PUCHAR)(i + j) != pSpecialCode[j])

                        {

                                break;

                        }

                }



                // 匹配成功

                if (j >= ulSpecialCodeLength)

                {

                        pDestAddr = (PVOID)i;

                        break;

                }

        }

        return pDestAddr;

}



ULONG64 GetProcessModule(HANDLE hPid, UNICODE\_STRING unModule,PULONG pSize)

{

        PEPROCESS pEprocess = NULL;

        NTSTATUS st = STATUS\_SUCCESS;

        PPEB pPeb = ExAllocatePool(NonPagedPool,sizeof(pEprocess));

        PPEB\_LDR\_DATA pPebLdr = NULL;

        PLDR\_DATA\_TABLE\_ENTRY pFirLdrForPebLdr = NULL;

        PLDR\_DATA\_TABLE\_ENTRY pDataLdr = NULL;

        PLDR\_DATA\_TABLE\_ENTRY pDataLdrTmp = NULL;

        KAPC\_STATE kApc;

        ULONG64 uRetAddr = 0;

        st = PsLookupProcessByProcessId(hPid, &pEprocess);

        if (!NT\_SUCCESS(st))

        {

                ObDereferenceObject(pEprocess);

                return;

        }

        pPeb = PsGetProcessPeb(pEprocess);

        KeStackAttachProcess(pEprocess, &kApc);

        if (pPeb)

        {

                if (MmIsAddressValid(&(pPeb->Ldr)))

                {

                        pPebLdr = pPeb->Ldr;

                        pFirLdrForPebLdr = pPebLdr->InLoadOrderModuleList.Blink;

                        pDataLdr = pFirLdrForPebLdr->InLoadOrderLinks.Flink;

                        pDataLdrTmp = pDataLdr;

                        do

                        {

                                DbgPrintEx(77, 0, "[db]%wZ,地址:%llx\n", pDataLdrTmp->BaseDllName, pDataLdrTmp->DllBase);

                                if (RtlEqualUnicodeString(&(pDataLdrTmp->BaseDllName), &unModule,FALSE))

                                {

                                        \*pSize = pDataLdrTmp->SizeOfImage;

                                        uRetAddr = (ULONG64)pDataLdrTmp->DllBase;

                                        break;

                                }

                                pDataLdrTmp = pDataLdrTmp->InLoadOrderLinks.Flink;

                        } while (pDataLdrTmp!= pDataLdr);

                }        

        }

        KeUnstackDetachProcess(&kApc);

        return uRetAddr;

}





NTSTATUS InsertDll(HANDLE hPid, char\* path)

{

        PEPROCESS pTargetProcess = NULL;

        NTSTATUS st = STATUS\_SUCCESS;

        KAPC\_STATE kapcstate;

        HANDLE hProcess = 0;

        HANDLE hThread = 0;

        PVOID pNtoskrnlModulAddr = NULL;

        ULONG uNtoskrnlModulSize = 0;

        PVOID pKernel32ModulAddr = NULL;

        ULONG uKernel32ModulSize = 0;

        PVOID pZwCreatThraedFuncAddr = NULL;

        PVOID pNtResumeThreadFuncAddr = NULL;

        PVOID pLoadLibAddr = NULL;

        PVOID pVirsualAddr = NULL;

        SIZE\_T regionSize = 0x1000;

        ULONG PreviousSuspendCount = 0;

        ZwCreateThreadEx mycreate = NULL;

        NtResumeThread myresume = NULL;

        UNICODE\_STRING unKernel32Name = RTL\_CONSTANT\_STRING(L"KERNEL32.DLL");

        st = PsLookupProcessByProcessId(hPid, &pTargetProcess);

        if (!NT\_SUCCESS(st))

        {

                return st;

        }

        ObOpenObjectByPointer(pTargetProcess,

                OBJ\_KERNEL\_HANDLE,

                NULL,

                PROCESS\_ALL\_ACCESS,

                \*PsProcessType,

                KernelMode,

                &hProcess);

        if (!NT\_SUCCESS(st))

        {

                return st;

        }

        KeStackAttachProcess(pTargetProcess, &kapcstate);

        //NtCreateThread特征码

        unsigned char ZwCreateThreadCode[] =

        {

        0x40,0x55,0x53,0x56,0x57,0x41,0x54,0x41,0x55,0x41,0x56,0x41,0x57,

        0x48,0x81,0xec,0x28,0x03,0x00,0x00

        };

        //ResumeThreadcode特征码

        unsigned char NtResumeThreadcode[] =

        {

          0x40,0x53,0x48,0x83,0xec,0x50,0x48,

          0x8b,0xda,0x4c,0x8b,0xd1,0xc7,0x44

        };

        //LoadLibrary特征码偏移-0x1e

        unsigned char loadliboffsetcode[] =

        {

          0x85, 0xC0, 0x0F, 0x95, 0xC1, 0x33, 0xC0, 0x41, 0x89, 0x09,

          0xC3

        };

        //内核Ntoskrnl地址

        pNtoskrnlModulAddr = GetKernelModuleBase("ntoskrnl.exe", &uNtoskrnlModulSize);

        if (pNtoskrnlModulAddr)

        {

                DbgPrintEx(77, 0, "[db]pKernelModulAddr:%llx\n", pNtoskrnlModulAddr);

        }

        //kernel32.dll地址,为了拿LoadLibrary函数地址

        pKernel32ModulAddr = GetProcessModule(hPid, unKernel32Name, &uKernel32ModulSize);

        if (pKernel32ModulAddr)

        {

                DbgPrintEx(77, 0, "[db]pKernel32ModulAddr:%llx\n", pKernel32ModulAddr);

        }

        //NtCreateThreadEx函数地址

        pZwCreatThraedFuncAddr = SearchSpecialCode(pNtoskrnlModulAddr, uNtoskrnlModulSize, ZwCreateThreadCode, 17);

        if (pZwCreatThraedFuncAddr)

        {

                DbgPrintEx(77, 0, "[db]pZwCreatThraedFuncAddr:%llx\n", pZwCreatThraedFuncAddr);

        }

        //NtResumeThread函数地址

        pNtResumeThreadFuncAddr = SearchSpecialCode(pNtoskrnlModulAddr, uNtoskrnlModulSize, NtResumeThreadcode, 14);

        if (pNtResumeThreadFuncAddr)

        {

                DbgPrintEx(77, 0, "[db]pNtResumeThreadFuncAddr:%llx\n", pNtResumeThreadFuncAddr);

        }

        //LoadLibrary函数地址

        pLoadLibAddr = SearchSpecialCode(pKernel32ModulAddr, uKernel32ModulSize, loadliboffsetcode, 11);

        pLoadLibAddr = (PUCHAR)pLoadLibAddr + 0x1e;

        if (pLoadLibAddr)

        {

                DbgPrintEx(77, 0, "[db]pLoadLibAddr:%llx\n", pLoadLibAddr);

        }

        // 使用ZwAllocateVirtualMemory函数在内核地址空间中分配虚拟内存

        st = ZwAllocateVirtualMemory(hProcess,

                &pVirsualAddr,

                0,

                ®ionSize,

                MEM\_COMMIT,

                PAGE\_READWRITE);

        if (!NT\_SUCCESS(st)) {

                DbgPrintEx(77, 0, "[db]内存申请失败: st:%d\n", st);

                return st;

        }

        DbgPrintEx(77, 0, "[db]内存申请成功,st:%d\n", st);

        DbgPrintEx(77, 0, "[db]申请到的地址为:%llx\n", pVirsualAddr);

        RtlZeroMemory(pVirsualAddr, regionSize);

        RtlCopyMemory(pVirsualAddr, path,strlen(path));

        //NtCreateThreadEx函数

        mycreate = pZwCreatThraedFuncAddr;

        //NtResumeThread函数

        myresume = pNtResumeThreadFuncAddr;

        //创建线程为挂起

        st = mycreate(&hThread, THREAD\_ALL\_ACCESS, NULL, hProcess,pLoadLibAddr, pVirsualAddr,0x2, 0, 0, 0, NULL);

        DbgPrintEx(77, 0, "[db]创建线程状态st:%d\n", st);

        if (NT\_SUCCESS(st))

        {

                //让线程执行不挂起

                st = myresume(hThread, &PreviousSuspendCount);

        }

        DbgPrintEx(77, 0, "[db]线程调用状态:st:%d\n", st);

        st = ZwWaitForSingleObject(

            

            , FALSE, NULL);

        if (!NT\_SUCCESS(st))

        {

                DbgPrintEx(77, 0, "WaitForSingleObject st = %d\n", st);

        }

        // 使用ZwFreeVirtualMemory函数释放虚拟内存

        st = ZwFreeVirtualMemory(hProcess,&pVirsualAddr,®ionSize,MEM\_RELEASE);

        if (!NT\_SUCCESS(st)) {

                DbgPrintEx(77, 0, "ZwFreeVirtualMemory st = %d\n", st);

        }

        KeUnstackDetachProcess(&kapcstate);

}
代码语言:c
复制
//main.c

#include "tool.h"



VOID UnloadDriver(PDRIVER\_OBJECT pDriver)

{

}



NTSTATUS DriverEntry(PDRIVER\_OBJECT pDriver, PUNICODE\_STRING pRegPath)

{

    //把C:\\demo.dll注入到进程id为2454的进程中

        InsertDll(2464, "C:\\demo.dll");

        pDriver->DriverUnload = UnloadDriver;

        return STATUS\_SUCCESS;

}
.DLL代码:
代码语言:c
复制
// dllmain.cpp : 定义 DLL 应用程序的入口点。

#include "pch.h"



BOOL APIENTRY DllMain( HMODULE hModule,

                       DWORD  ul\_reason\_for\_call,

                       LPVOID lpReserved

                     )

{

    switch (ul\_reason\_for\_call)

    {

    case DLL\_PROCESS\_ATTACH:

    {

        MessageBoxA(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);

        break;

    }

    case DLL\_THREAD\_ATTACH:

    case DLL\_THREAD\_DETACH:

    case DLL\_PROCESS\_DETACH:

        return TRUE;

    }

}

0x5:注入效果

0x6:总结

.首先,这里注入的是64位的进程,32位的话获取模块列表需要换一下对应的32位结构,其次,这是一个非常朴素的驱动注入DLL,需要让它变强大就去发挥你们自己的思路

原创声明:本文系作者授权腾讯云开发者社区发表,未经许可,不得转载。

如有侵权,请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除。

原创声明:本文系作者授权腾讯云开发者社区发表,未经许可,不得转载。

如有侵权,请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除。

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目录
  • 1.环境
    • .Windows 10 20H2
  • 2.工具
    • .virsual studio 2019、IDA Pro、WinDbg、VMware
  • 3.目的
    • .在内核中实现对64位进程进行朴素地DLL注入
  • 4.实验原理
    • .首先要说一下三环下实现远程线程DLL注入的工艺流程:
      • .0x1:通过OpenProcess获取目标进程句柄;
      • .0x2:通过VirtualAllocEx在目标进程内申请一块可读可写内存;
      • .0x3:通过WriteProcessMemory将loadlibraryA的参数,也就是待注入DLL的路径,写入刚申请的内存;
      • .0x4:通过CreateRemoteThread对目标进程创建远程线程,线程指向LoadLibraryA函数,参数便是刚写入申请内存的DLL路径;
      • .0x5:等待线程注入DLL完毕,释放申请的虚拟内存,关闭句柄.
      • .0x6:代码例子
    • .在零环下,我们知道内核下是不能直接调用这些函数进行注入的,但是思路是不变的,只是调用的函数变了,有些3环下对应的内核函数在内核下是不被公开的,所以我思路中采用了很多特征码定位函数地址,接下来我们就说说详细思路:
    • .0x1:因为我们在内核下不能直接调用LoadLibraryA函数,但是这个函数又是在KERNEL32.DLL模块中的,所以第一步我们需要获取模块的函数地址,在内核中我们通过遍历EPROCESS--->Peb--->Ldr-->InLoadOrderModuleList--->BaseDllName DllBase,如果BaseDllName等于KERNEL32.DLL的话就返回对应的DllBase,也就是KERNEL32.DLL模块在内存中的地址,实现代码如下:
    • .0x2:既然我们拿到了KERNEL32.DLL的模块地址,那么我们接下来就是需要再去拿一下LoadLibraryA的函数地址,这里我们采用特征码搜索,我们把KERNEL32.DLL拖入IDA Pro解析完符号后定位到LoadLibraryA函数或者附近看看有没有特征性比较强的字节段,有点话就可以直接使用特征码搜索便可以找到LoadLibraryA的函数地址了,以下是IDA Pro解析LoadLibraryA函数字节段的内容:
      • .我们可以看到在0000000180020C32处有一段固定的字节码,而0000000180020C50便是我们LoadLibraryA函数的地址,所以我们只要找到0000000180020C32处的字节码位置便可轻易地通过偏移+0x1e得到LoadLibraryA函数的地址,此处用到了特征码搜索,使用方法我以前的帖子说过,这里就不再赘述,代码如下:
      • .LoadLibraryA函数地址查找代码如下:
    • .0x3:现在我们已经拿到LoadLibraryA函数地址了,接下来就是在目标进程内申请一段可读可写的虚拟内存了,内核中是由对应函数可以实现申请虚拟内存的
      • .申请函数是:
      • .释放的函数:
      • .在申请时,第一个参数填入需要申请的目标进程句柄,这里可以先通过PsLookupProcessByProcessId函数获取进程EPROCESS结构,再通过ObOpenObjectByPointer获取进程句柄,第二个参数填入申请得到的内存地址的二级指针,第三个参数NULL,第四个参数填入你要申请内存的大小的指针,第五个参数填入MEM\_COMMIT(提交内存),第六个参数填入你想要申请的内存保护类型,填入PAGE\_READWRITE就行,代码如下:
    • .0x4:现在已经申请得到内存,那我们就需要把我们的参数写入刚申请的内存区域就行,使用KeStackAttachProcess 附加上目标进程后使用 RtlCopyMemory把DLL路径拷贝进去就行了,代码如下:
    • .0x5:这时候我们还差一步,就是创建线程,但是内核中没有CreateRemoteThread函数,所以我们需要用一个系统函数NtCreateThreadEx函数,但是这个函数是未公开的,所以我们需要通过特征码去定位这个函数地址,和第二步的方法差不多,这里我直接给出NtCreateThreadEx函数原型和查找函数地址代码:
      • .这里有个注意的是这个函数地址是在ntoskrnl.exe中,所以我们这里需要通过遍历系统模块列表对比去拿到该模块的地址和大小,代码如下:
      • .随后我们便可以调用这个函数去创建线程,代码如下:
      • .函数参数的意义如下:
      • .其中CreateFlag参数填2的原因是想让其创建后挂起等待我们使用NtResumeThread去恢复线程执行,其NtResumeThread也是未公开的,我们也需要特征码去搜索,当然如果你想线程创建后就执行的话CreateFlag填0就行了,不需要使用NtResumeThread了,NtResumeThread的函数原型以及函数地址搜索代码如下:
    • 0x6:完整代码:
      • .DLL代码:
  • 0x5:注入效果
  • 0x6:总结
    • .首先,这里注入的是64位的进程,32位的话获取模块列表需要换一下对应的32位结构,其次,这是一个非常朴素的驱动注入DLL,需要让它变强大就去发挥你们自己的思路
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