Git - Git基本概念与核心命令掌握

小小工匠

发布于 2022-09-21 15:28:04

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文章被收录于专栏：小工匠聊架构小工匠聊架构

文章目录

Git vs SVN

总的来说，主要有以下三点不同

存储方式不一样
使用方式不一样
管理模式不一样

存储方式

GIT把内容按元数据方式存储类似k/v数据库，而SVN是按文件(新版svn已改成元数据存储)。

举个例子，我们打开Git Bash ,演示一下【元数据】的概念

artisan@LAPTOP-JF3RBRRJ MINGW64 /d/opt/gitdemo
$ git init artisan     # 初始化一个名为artisan的项目 
Initialized empty Git repository in D:/opt/gitdemo/artisan/.git/

artisan@LAPTOP-JF3RBRRJ MINGW64 /d/opt/gitdemo
$ cd artisan  # 进入到artisan目录 

artisan@LAPTOP-JF3RBRRJ MINGW64 /d/opt/gitdemo/artisan (master)
$ ls

artisan@LAPTOP-JF3RBRRJ MINGW64 /d/opt/gitdemo/artisan (master)
$ echo 'artisan test' > readme.mf  # 写数据到 readme.mf文件 

artisan@LAPTOP-JF3RBRRJ MINGW64 /d/opt/gitdemo/artisan (master)
$ cat readme.mf  # 查看写入的内容 
artisan test

artisan@LAPTOP-JF3RBRRJ MINGW64 /d/opt/gitdemo/artisan (master)
$ git hash-object -w readme.mf   # 刷到git的存储里 
warning: LF will be replaced by CRLF in readme.mf.
The file will have its original line endings in your working directory
ca30c25824b24fede390877fcddf0489eef76787

artisan@LAPTOP-JF3RBRRJ MINGW64 /d/opt/gitdemo/artisan (master)
$ git cat-file -p ca30c25824b24fede390877fcddf0489eef76787  # 根据上一步返回的版本号查看提交的内容 （可以根据这个唯一串进行回滚）
artisan test

artisan@LAPTOP-JF3RBRRJ MINGW64 /d/opt/gitdemo/artisan (master)
$

artisan@LAPTOP-JF3RBRRJ MINGW64 /d/opt/gitdemo/artisan (master)
$ echo 'artisan test 2222' >> readme.mf  #  新写入数据到文件

 
artisan@LAPTOP-JF3RBRRJ MINGW64 /d/opt/gitdemo/artisan (master)
$ git hash-object -w readme.mf    #  刷入git存储 ，返回的值与上一个不同 
warning: LF will be replaced by CRLF in readme.mf.
The file will have its original line endings in your working directory
eef835b51d5b4d802765e88cfb19832c11de169b

artisan@LAPTOP-JF3RBRRJ MINGW64 /d/opt/gitdemo/artisan (master)
$ git cat-file -p eef835b51d5b4d802765e88cfb19832c11de169b   # 查看
artisan test
artisan test 2222

artisan@LAPTOP-JF3RBRRJ MINGW64 /d/opt/gitdemo/artisan (master)
$